A single multimode fiber is considered an ideal optical element for endoscopic imaging due to the possibility of direct image transmission via multiple spatial modes. However, wave distortion induced by mode dispersion has been a fundamental limitation. In this Letter, we propose method eliminating effect and therefore realize wide-field using only with no scanner attached fiber. Our will potentially revolutionize endoscopy in various fields encompassing medicine industry.

We report that disordered media made of randomly distributed nanoparticles can be used to overcome the diffraction limit a conventional imaging system. By developing method extract original image information from multiple scattering induced by turbid media, we dramatically increase numerical aperture As result, resolution is enhanced more than 5 times over limit, and field view extended physical area camera. Our technique lays foundation use medium as far-field superlens.

A conventional lens has well-defined transfer function with which we can form an image of a target object. On the contrary, scattering media such as biological tissues, multimode optical fibers and layers disordered nanoparticles have highly complex function, makes them impractical for general imaging purpose. In recent studies, presented method experimentally recording transmission matrix media, is measure function. this review paper, introduce two major applications matrix: enhancing light...

We report the first direct observation of an exceptional point (EP) in open quantum composite a single atom and high-Q cavity mode. The atom-cavity coupling constant was made continuous variable by utilizing multisublevel nature rubidium when it is optimally coupled to spectroscopic properties quasieigenstates were experimentally investigated near EP. Branch-point singularity quasieigenenergies observed its 4pi symmetry demonstrated. Consequently, transmission at quasieigenstate exhibit...

Abstract Ultrathin lensless fibre endoscopes offer minimally invasive investigation, but they mostly operate as a rigid type due to the need for prior calibration of probe. Furthermore, most implementations work in fluorescence mode rather than label-free imaging mode, making them unsuitable general medical diagnosis. Herein, we report fully flexible ultrathin endoscope taking 3D holographic images unstained tissues with 0.85-μm spatial resolution. Using bare bundle thin 200-μm diameter,...

We present a high-speed synthetic aperture microscopy for quantitative phase imaging of live biological cells. measure 361 complex amplitude images an object with various directions illumination covering NA 0.8 in less than one-thirteenth second and then combine the phase-referencing method to create synthesized image. Because increased depth selectivity, artifacts from diffraction that are typically coherent significantly suppressed, lateral resolution is improved. use instrument...

We developed an off-axis quantitative phase microscopy that works for a light source with extremely short spatial coherence length in order to reduce the diffraction noise and enhance resolution. A dynamic speckle wave whose is 440 nm was used as illumination source. To implement interferometry of low coherence, grating inserted reference beam path. In doing so, oblique generated without rotation wavefront, which leads full-field single-shot recording improved sensitivity more than factor 10...

A simple and practical method to measure three-dimensional (3-D) refractive index (RI) distributions of biological cells is presented. common-path self-reference interferometry consisting a compact set polarizers attached conventional inverted microscope equipped with beam scanning unit, which can precisely multiple 2-D holograms sample high phase stability for various illumination angles, from accurate 3-D optical diffraction tomograms the be reconstructed. RI nonbiological samples such as...

Multiple scatterings occurring in a turbid medium attenuate the intensity of propagating waves. Here, we propose method to efficiently deliver light energy desired target depth scattering medium. We measure time-resolved reflection matrix using coherent time-gated detection. From this matrix, derive and experimentally implement an incident wave pattern that optimizes detected signal corresponding specific arrival time. This leads enhanced delivery at depth. The proposed will lay foundation...

"Turbidity" caused by multiple light scattering distorts the propagation of waves, and thus undermines optical imaging. For example, translucent biological tissues exhibiting turbidity have posed limitations on imaging depth energy transmission. Here, we introduce a novel method called turbid lens (TLI) that records transmission matrix medium charactering input-output response medium. The knowledge this allows one to find an incident wave out distorted transmitted wave. Therefore, it...

We demonstrate a quantitative reflection-phase microscope based on time-varying speckle-field illumination. Due to the short spatial coherence length of speckle field, proposed imaging system features superior lateral resolution, 520 nm, as well high-depth selectivity, 1.03 μm. Off-axis interferometric detection enables wide-field and single-shot appropriate for high-speed measurements. In addition, measured phase sensitivity this method, which is smallest measurable axial motion, more than...

We have developed an interferometric optical microscope that provides three-dimensional refractive index map of a specimen by scanning the color three illumination beams. Our design interferometer allows for simultaneous measurement scattered fields (both amplitude and phase) such complex input beam. By obviating need mechanical beam or detection objective lens; proposed method can increase speed tomography orders magnitude. demonstrate our using polystyrene beads known value live cells.

We demonstrate digital holographic microscopy that, while being based on phase-shifting interferometry, is capable of single-shot measurements. A two-dimensional (2-D) diffraction grating placed in a Fourier plane standard in-line phase microscope generates multiple copies sample image camera sensor. The identical are spatially separated with different overall shifts according to the orders. adjusted by controlling lateral position grating. These then set be multiples π/2. Interferograms...

Field-based polarization measurements are essential for the completeness of information when exploiting complex nature optical responses target objects. Here, we demonstrate digital holographic microscopy quantifying a polarization-sensitive map an object with single-shot measurement. Using image-splitting device generating four different copies image and separate reference beam off-axis configuration enables multi-imaging capability. With use two filters, field images containing object's...

Significance There exists a critical need for developing biomarkers reflecting clinical outcomes and evaluating the effectiveness of treatments sickle cell disease patients. Prior attempts to find such patient-specific markers have mostly relied upon chemical or biophysical properties at hypoxia with limited success. We introduce unique based on characterization cellular normoxia show that these correlate sensitively treatment using hydroxyurea (HU), only US Food Drug Administration...

We report on synthetic aperture microscopy through a highly turbid medium. first recorded transmission matrix for the medium with an angular basis of 20,000 complex images covering 0.6 NA. This effectively converts into lens same Distorted target object are then taken at 500 different angles illumination For each distorted images, original image is reconstructed from by recently developed imaging (TLI) technique. All synthesized to enhance NA 1.2 and thereby generate twice enhanced spatial...

Coherent fiber bundles are widely used for endoscopy, but conventional approaches require distal optics to form an object image and acquire pixelated information owing the geometry of cores. Recently, holographic recording a reflection matrix enables bare bundle perform pixelation-free microscopic imaging as well allows flexible mode operation, because random core-to-core phase retardations due any bending twisting could be removed in situ from recorded matrix. Despite its flexibility,...

The coordinated motion of a cell is fundamental to many important biological processes such as development, wound healing, and phagocytosis. For eukaryotic cells, amoebae or animal the motility based on crawling involves complex set internal biochemical events. A recent study reported very interesting behavior single amoeba: in absence an external cue, free move randomly with noisy, yet, discernible sequence 'run-and-turns' analogous 'run-and-tumbles' swimming bacteria. Interestingly,...

Many disease states are associated with cellular biomechanical changes as markers.Label-free phase microscopes used to quantify thermally driven interface fluctuations, which allow the deduction of important rheological properties.Here, spatio-temporal coherence light was implement a high-speed reflection microscope superior depth selectivity and higher sensitivity.Nanometric scale motion cytoplasmic structures can be visualized fine details three-dimensional resolution.Specifically,...

We implement differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy using high-speed synthetic aperture imaging that expands the passband of coherent by a factor 2.2. For an synthesized image, we apply for numerical post-processing and obtain high-contrast DIC image arbitrary shearing direction bias retardation. In addition, images at different depths without scanning objective lens numerically propagating acquired images. Our method achieves high-resolution 3-D live biological cells. The...

Polarization of light carries important information regarding the materials included by biological samples. A Jones matrix is a general tool for quantifying degree polarization, however, its measurement has been limited mostly to connective tissues with strong polarization response due lack sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate phase microscopy capable measuring living eukaryotic cell. Our strategy combines synthetic aperture imaging improve The resultant suppression intrinsic noise in allows...

Thin waveguides such as graded-index lenses and fiber bundles are often used imaging probes for high-resolution endomicroscopes. However, strong back-reflection from the end surfaces of makes it difficult them to resolve weak contrast objects, especially in reflectance-mode imaging. Here we propose a method spatially isolate illumination pathways detection channels, demonstrate wide-field reflectance free noise. In image bundle, send light through individual core fibers detect signals target...