Sexual dimorphism has been observed in arterial hypertension. Blood pressure levels are lower female than male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a major role the regulation of blood pressure. The aim this study was to compare Ang vascular reactivity and AT(1) AT(2) receptor gene expression SHR.SHR animals were divided into four groups: (I) male, (II) physiological estrus, (III) ovariectomized (IV) treated with estrogen. Arterial pressure, mRNA determined....

Testosterone has been implicated in vascular remodeling associated with hypertension. Molecular mechanisms underlying this are elusive, but oxidative stress may be important. We hypothesized that testosterone stimulates generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and migration smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), enhanced effects from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The (genomic nongenomic) whereby induces ROS the role c-Src, a regulator redox-sensitive migration, were determined. VSMCs male...

Development and progression of end-organ damage in hypertension have been associated with increased oxidative stress. Superoxide anion accumulation has reported deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension, which endothelin-1 plays an important role cardiovascular damage. We hypothesized that blockade ET A receptors DOCA-salt rats would decrease Both systolic blood pressure (SBP, 210±9 mm Hg; P <0.05) vascular superoxide generation vivo were (44.9±10.3% ethidium bromide–positive...

In studies conducted in vitro, it has been demonstrated that estrogen an antioxidant potential may contribute to its protective effects on the cardiovascular system. However, effect of vivo not demonstrated. To address this issue, study oxidative stress were evaluated microvessels studied vivo. Oxidative was by using intravital microscopy mesenteric arterioles from female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) physiological estrous (OE), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX treated with estradiol (E 2...

In the perfused mesenteric arterial vasculature of rabbit, vasodilation by acetylcholine (ACh) was almost completely blocked after a 15-min perfusion with 0.2% collagenase, an enzyme capable removing endothelial cells. rat, ACh markedly, though not completely, inhibited hemoglobin (10 µ<i>M</i>), agent which can inactivate endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). These results suggest that major component resistance vessels in rabbit and rat is mediated EDRF.

Maternal undernutrition during critical periods of organ development is known to impair fetal growth and predispose the adulthood diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease type II diabetes that are linked low birth weight characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Increased oxidative stress, in rats submitted intrauterine undernutrition, provides a potential explanation for dysfunction development. The aim this study was determine stress its consequence on mesenteric arteriolar...

In the present study, we investigated potentiating effect of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] on bradykinin (BK)-induced vasodilation in mesenteric vascular bed anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats using intravital microscopy. Topical application BK and Ang-(1-7) induced arterioles. The BK-induced effect, but not acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside, or histamine responses, was potentiated presence Ang-(1-7). This interaction abolished by BK-B(2) antagonists (HOE 140 A-779,...

Obesity is strongly associated with high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. These conditions synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular events. A number central peripheral abnormalities can explain development or maintenance pressure in obesity. Of great interest endothelial dysfunction, considered to be a primary factor hypertension. Additional mechanisms also related dysfunction have been proposed mediate hypertension obese individuals. include: both...

The perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) releases a variety of factors that affect vascular function. PVAT in the thoracic aorta shares characteristics with brown tissue, including large amount mitochondria. PVAT-derived influence both endothelial and smooth muscle function via several signaling mechanisms release/generation reactive nitrogen oxygen species. Considering importance species (ROS) on mitochondria are an important source ROS, we hypothesized mitochondria-derived ROS modulates...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant epidermal tumor. Biologic behavior and metastasis rate vary according to species tumor location. The goal of this study was report the occurrence an oral SCC in Tapirus terrestris treated with electrochemotherapy. tapir anesthetized for two electrochemotherapy sessions, six months apart, intralesional cisplatin (0.25 mL/cm3) VetCP 125TM electroporator. Side effects were minimal. Because relapse, onset joint disorders, poor prognosis, animal...

Abstract —Although female sex hormones may attenuate endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by increasing endothelium-derived relaxing factors (EDRFs), the influence of ovarian on generation contracting (EDCFs) remains unknown. The aim this study was to evaluate effect estrogen and progesterone vasoconstrictor prostanoids superoxide anion (O 2 − ) microvessels from SHR. Vascular reactivity norepinephrine (NE), acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were...

Background —Chronic hypoxia has been shown to modulate nitric oxide (NO) responses in different cell models, but the relationship between and NO synthase (NOS) regulation humans was not studied. We studied endothelial inducible NOS (eNOS iNOS) activities expression chronic children with cyanotic acyanotic congenital heart defects. Methods Results —Right atrial tissue excised from 18 patients during cardiac surgery. eNOS iNOS were measured by conversion of l -[H 3 ]arginine ]citrulline. Gene...

Abstract — We previously demonstrated a differential activation of the endothelin-1 (ET-1) pathway in male and female deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats, with rats exhibiting marked alterations vascular pressor responses to ET-1 Suc-[Glu, 9 Ala 11,15 ]-ET-1(8-21) (IRL-1620), an ET B agonist. Mechanisms underlying these gender differences are unclear, we hypothesized that ovarian hormones attenuate DOCA-salt rats. Female Wistar were randomized 3 groups: sham-operated,...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used and can reduce musculoskeletal pain in spite of the cost adverse reactions like gastrointestinal ulcers or cardiovascular events. The current study investigates if a safer treatment such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) could tendinitis inflammation, whether possible pathway be through inhibition either two-cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms inflammation. Wistar rats (six animals per group) were injected with saline (control)...

An extensive variety of prenatal insults are associated with an increased incidence metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adult life. We previously demonstrated that maternal global nutrient restriction during pregnancy leads to blood pressure endothelial dysfunction the offspring. This study aimed assess whether exposure nutritional insult has transgenerational effects F2 F3 offspring.For this, female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups on day 1 pregnancy: a control group...

Testosterone has been added to hormone replacement therapy treat sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Whereas estrogen associated with vascular protection, the effects of testosterone are contradictory and its association largely unknown. In this study we determined conjugated equine (CEE) on function using a model hypertensive female: ovariectomized spontaneously rats. Female rats were divided into sham-operated, (OVX), OVX treated for 15 days either CEE alone (OVX+CEE) or...

Arterial hypertension is a cardiovascular disease that leads to important systemic alterations and drastically impairs normal organ function over time. Hypertension affects around 700 million men of reproductive age hypertensive present increased risk for disorders, such as erectile dysfunction. However, the link between arterial male disorders associative at best. Moreover, many studies have reported associations decreased fertility and/or semen quality general health. In this study we aim...

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 has been reported to play a role in vascular dysfunction associated with mineralocorticoid hypertension. We hypothesized that, compared female rats, an upregulation of ERK1/2 signaling the vasculature male rats contributes augmented contractile responses Uninephrectomized and Sprague-Dawley received desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) pellets (200 mg per animal) saline drink for 3 weeks. Control uninephrectomized tap water drink. Blood pressure,...