Certain pesticides may affect children's neurodevelopment. We assessed whether pesticide exposure was associated with impaired neurobehavioral outcomes in children aged 6–9 years. conducted a cross-sectional study 140 living near banana plantations and plantain farms the Talamanca County, Costa Rica their performance. Exposure determined by analyzing urinary metabolites of chlorpyrifos (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, TCPy), mancozeb (ethylenethiourea, ETU), pyrethroids (3-phenoxybenzoic acid,...

Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite ethylene thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis.Objectives: Our goals were to evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living near plantations, compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established reference doses (RfDs), identify factors that predict concentrations.Methods: We...

Manganese (Mn), an essential nutrient, is a neurotoxicant at high concentrations. We measured Mn concentrations in repeated blood and hair samples collected from 449 pregnant women living near banana plantations with extensive aerial spraying of Mn-containing fungicide mancozeb Costa Rica, examined environmental lifestyle factors associated these biomarkers. Mean geometric mean were 24.4 μg/L (8.9–56.3) 1.8 μg/g (0.05–53.3), respectively. Blood positively gestational age sampling (β = 0.2;...

Elevated manganese (Mn) in drinking water has been reported worldwide. While, naturally occurring Mn groundwater is generally the major source, anthropogenic contamination by Mn-containing fungicides such as mancozeb may also occur. The main objective of this study was to examine factors associated with and ethylenethiourea (ETU), a degradation product mancozeb, samples from villages situated near banana plantations aerial spraying mancozeb. Drinking (n = 126) were obtained 124 homes women...

Background: Although growing evidence suggests that early-life excess manganese (Mn) impairs neurodevelopment, data on the neurodevelopmental effects of mancozeb, a fungicide containing Mn, and its main metabolite ethylenethiourea (ETU) are limited. Objective: We examined whether prenatal mancozeb exposure Mn were associated with neurodevelopment in 355 1-y-old infants living near banana plantations frequent aerial spraying Costa Rica. Methods: measured urinary ETU, hair blood concentrations...

Background Little is known about the effects of pesticides on children’s respiratory and allergic outcomes. We evaluated associations prenatal current pesticide exposures with outcomes in children from Infants’ Environmental Health Study Costa Rica. Methods Among 5-year-old (n=303), we measured specific gravity-corrected urinary metabolite concentrations insecticides (chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids), fungicides (mancozeb, pyrimethanil, thiabendazole) 2,4-D. collected information caregivers (ever...

Pesticides used in agriculture may expose populations living nearby. Costa Rica is a major banana-exporting country, its production depends on extensive pesticide use.

Growing evidence suggests that pesticide exposure may influence respiratory health, but data in young children are very limited. We examined the association of prenatal with lower tract infections (LRTIs) and wheeze at one year age from Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) study Costa Rica.We measured seven metabolites, including ethylenethiourea (ETU, metabolite mancozeb), maternal urine samples collected repeatedly during pregnancy. For each woman, we averaged concentrations half pregnancy...

The US Environmental Protection Agency voluntary phased-out residential use of chlorpyrifos in 2001. In contrast, Costa Rica, chlorpyrifos-treated bags are increasingly used to protect banana and plantain fruits from insects fulfill product standards, even populated areas.To evaluate children's exposure villages situated nearby plantations farms Rica.The study targeted two with one village mainly organic production. For 140 children these villages, mostly indigenous Ngäbe Bribri,...

AbstractAbstractIn the agroexport zone of Los Santos Zone in Costa Rica, coffee is harvested by migrant labor. Most migrants are from Panama and Nicaragua. We describe migrants' housing- service-related health determinants, with analyses ethnicity, nationality geography. used interviews, observation-based assessments, Geographic Information System to assess a population 8,783 seasonal 1,099 temporary dwellings at total 520 farms during 2004-2005. identified determinants poor including...

Only few studies have compared environmental pesticide air concentrations with specific urinary metabolites to evaluate pathways of exposure. Therefore, we pyrimethanil and chlorpyrifos in 4-hydroxypyrimethanil (OHP, metabolite pyrimethanil) 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy, chlorpyrifos) among pregnant women from the Infant's Environmental Health Study (ISA) Matina County, Costa Rica. During pregnancy, obtained repeat samples 448 enrolled ISA study. We extrapolated measured passive...

Objectives This research evaluates whether environmental exposures (pesticides and smoke) influence respiratory allergic outcomes in women living a tropical, agricultural environment. Methods We used data from 266 mothers the Infants’ Environmental Health cohort study Costa Rica. evaluated by measuring seven pesticide two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites urine samples. defined ‘high exposure’ as having metabolite value top 75th percentile. collected survey on well pesticides...

Background: Lead can affect early childhood development (ECD) differentially due to nutritional deficiencies that lead stunted growth, defined as being at least two standard deviations below the average height-for-age. These are more frequent among children living in rural locations or with lower socioeconomic status (SES); however, studies a population level scarce worldwide. Early plays crucial role influencing child’s health and wellbeing throughout life. Therefore, aim of this study was...

Background: Animal studies have shown that both deficiency and excess manganese (Mn) may result in decreased fetal size weight but human reported inconsistent results. Methods: We examined the association of blood hair Mn concentrations measured at different times during pregnancy with growth length gestation a cohort 380 mother-infant pairs living near banana plantations aerially sprayed Mn-containing fungicides Costa Rica. used linear regression generalized additive models to test for...

Aerial Application of Mancozeb Is Associated with Elevated Urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) Concentrations in Pregnant Women: the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA)Abstract Number:2682 Berna van Wendel de Joode*, Ana María Mora, Leonel Córdoba, Camilo Cano, Rosario Quesada, Moosa Faniband, Catharina Wesseling, Clemens Ruepert, Mattias Öberg, Brenda Eskenazi, Donna Mergler, Christian Lindh Joode* Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, E-mail Address: [email protected] , Mora Córdoba Cano...

Background: Banana plantations are weekly sprayed with mancozeb and chlorpyrifos- treated bags being used continuously. Mancozeb its main metabolite ethylene thiourea (ETU) can alter thyroid hormone concentrations that key to fetal growth processes. With respect chlorpyrifos, prenatal exposures may impair growth. Methods: We measured, at different time points, creatinine-corrected ETU TCPy (chlorpyrifos' metabolite) in urine samples from pregnant women living less than five kilometers banana...

Introduction: Elevated manganese (Mn) in drinking water has been reported worldwide due to natural and anthropogenic contamination. Mancozeb is an ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide containing 21% Mn. In Costa Rica, it applied weekly by light aircraft on banana plantations. Within the context of ISA study, we examined factors that explained Mn concentrations communities located near Methods: We collected 126 samples from participant's homes. addition, obtained repeated 30...

Background: Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient, but also neurotoxic at high doses. Few studies have examined the effects of prenatal Mn exposure on neurodevelopment in infants and young children. Methods: We conducted a birth cohort study (Infants' Environmental Health Study, ISA) among families living near banana plantations aerially sprayed with Mn-containing fungicide mancozeb Costa Rica. measured concentrations maternal hair blood samples collected different times during pregnancy....

Background: Mancozeb is a fungicide aerially sprayed in large-scale banana plantations. It 21% weight manganese (Mn) and its main metabolite ethylenethiourea (ETU). Data on neurodevelopmental effects of mancozeb ETU are limited, but growing evidence indicates that early-life exposure to Mn influences child neurodevelopment. Methods: We measured urine samples blood hair collected repeatedly during pregnancy from 451 women enrolled the ISA study, birth cohort Costa Rica. then averaged for each...

Introduction: In 2010, Costa Rica allows the Law for Integrated Waste Management, which sorts all citizens, government and industry to be responsible of managing waste in an adequate way, considering life chain a product since it is bought. This project set combined work with local (municipalities) social organizations that pick solid commercialize it. The objective describe conditions health, occupational environment workers have 7 those organizations. Method: activities are three lines...

Introduction: Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and other organophosphates has been associated with neurobehavioral effects in children aged two seven years. Little is known about pesticides. We studied prenatal pesticide infant's neurodevelopment at one year of age. Methods: evaluated infant´s neurobehavior the Bayley Scales® 344 mother-infant pairs from ISA birth-cohort study. measured ethylene thiourea (ETU, mancozeb metabolite), 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCPy, metabolite)...