Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the first line treatment for several cancers including bladder cancer (BC). Autophagy induction has been implied to contribute cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer; and a high basal level of autophagy demonstrated human tumors. Therefore, it reasonable speculate that may account failure single BC. This study investigated whether induces mechanism involved using BC cell lines.Human cells (5637 T24) were used this study. Cell viability was detected water...

Abstract Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), two antimalarial drugs, are suggested to have potential anticancer properties. in the present study, we investigated effects of CQ HCQ on cell growth bladder cancer with emphasis autophagy inhibition apoptosis induction vitro . The results showed that inhibited proliferation multiple human lines (including RT4, 5637, T24) a time‐ dose‐dependent fashion, especially advanced (5637 compared immortalized uroepithelial cells (SV‐Huc‐1) or...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in men, which emphasizes the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Targeting microRNA (miRNA) has been considered as strategy against cancers. Human miR-204-5p potentially targeting BCL2 reported to be downregulated various We hypothesized that overexpression induces cell apoptosis by repressing expression. A vector harboring mature was constructed and delivered into human PCa cells. The expression level determined miRNA...

Bladder cancer (BC) cells exhibit a high basal level of autophagy activity, which contributes to the development protective mechanism for cellular survival against current treatments. Hsa‑microRNA‑34a (miR‑34a) presents anti‑tumor function in several types cancer. However, functional miR‑34a regulating tumor aggressiveness and BC remains largely unknown. First, transfected with mimic exhibited LC3‑II p62 accumulation through immunofluorescence staining. It was demonstrated that syntaxin 17...

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a dietary chemopreventive agent that inhibits the growth of various human cancer cells by causing apoptotic cell death. In this study, we demonstrate BITC not only induces apoptosis but also autophagy in hormone-sensitive (Rv1) and -refractory (PC3) prostate cells. BITC-treated cells, induction was detected monitoring processing an marker protein, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), aggregation LC3 into granular structures formation acidic...

miR-99a-5p, known to play an important role in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulation, is downregulated human bladder cancer. The study aimed investigate the anticancer activity miR-99a-5p and possible mechanism associated with mTOR cancer cells.Vectors expressing were transfected into urinary urothelial carcinoma (5637 T24) cells. level was monitored by microRNA (miRNA) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR). Luciferase reporter assays performed verify direct binding...

Abstract Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic malignancy and ninth worldwide. Surgical resection mainstay of treatment for patients with early-stage disease, whereas therapeutic options are limited advanced-stage or residual BC. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) an important target immunotherapy. It known that PD-L1 overexpressed in BC; a clinical trial involving immune checkpoint inhibitors advanced BC ongoing. In present study, we used Western blot quantitative...

Cancer cells adapt to stress by activation of the autophagy pathway primed for survival. A high basal level autophagic activity was found in human bladder cancer cell lines. We studied significance phenomenon on survival.The immortalized epithelial line SV-HUC-1 and lines RT-4 5637 together with specimens collected from patients were used. commercially available microarray applied confirm findings. LC3 (light chain-3) II protein detection done determine presence autophagy. Caspase 3 DNA...

Abstract Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic in western countries. New strategies for managing high-grade muscle-invasive bladder (MIBC) are urgently required because MIBC has a high risk of recurrence and poor survival. A growing body evidence indicates that microRNA potent antitumorigenic properties various cancers, thus, therapeutic based on may show promising results therapy. Analysis The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database indicated hsa-miR-30a-3p downregulated human...

Abstract Aging is a major risk factor for poor outcomes following respiratory infections. In animal models, the most severe of infections in older hosts have been associated with an increased burden senescent cells that accumulate over time age and create hyperinflammatory response. Although studies using coronavirus models demonstrated removal senolytics, class drugs selectively kills cells, resulted reduced lung damage survival, little known about role play outcome influenza A viral (IAV)...

Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of bone resorption. In vitro studies show that zolendronic acid inhibits prostate cancer cell growth by activating apoptosis. We investigated whether also autophagy (type II programmed death).We the induction in PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP and CRW22Rv1 lines upon treatment. LC3-II protein formation was detected Western blot. incorporation into autophagosomes immunofluorescence staining. Acidic organelle acridine orange Rescue experiments using an apoptosis...

Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) (FA) is a ubiquitous health beneficial phenolic acid. Although FA has shown diversity of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antihypercholesterolemic and anticancer bioactivities, studies revealing its adverse effects are accumulating. Recently, 3D-cultures to exhibit uniquely behaviors different from that 2D cultures. To understand whether the cytotoxicity against T24 cell line (a bladder cancer line) in 2D-culture could...

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) in cruciferous plants, which are part of the human diet, has been shown to induce apoptosis various types cancer. In this study, we show that BITC effectively suppresses growth cultured prostate cancer cells (CRW-22Rv1 and PC3) by causing mitochondrial membrane potential loss, caspase 3/7 activation DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, induces ROS generation these cells. The induction was significantly attenuated presence N-acetylcysteine (NAC) catalase (CAT),...

Human bladder cancer (BC) cells exhibit a high basal level of autophagic activity with accumulation acridine-orange(AO)-stained acidic vesicular organelles. The rapid AO relocalization was observed in treated BC under blue-light emission. To investigate the cytotoxic effects on human cell lines exposure, immortalized uroepithelial (SV-Huc-1) and (5637 T24) were indicated concentrations or exposure alone combination. viability then determined using WST-1, time-lapse imaging Cytosmart System...

Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, also known as NFE2L2 or NRF2, a transcription capable of upregulating antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated expression and cytoprotective proteins, plays critical roles in chemoprevention, inflammation aging. NRF2 has recently been proposed novel target for cancer chemoprevention. The fungicide miconazole shown promising antiproliferative effects cells.After treatment, the p62-KEAP1-NRF2 activation was analyzed by qPCR Western blot. nuclear...

Background: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), involved in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, is known to play a central role regulating the growth cancer cells. The pathway enhances tumor survival and proliferation through suppressing autophagy, which sustains energy homeostasis by collecting recycling cellular components under stress conditions. Conversely, inhibitors mTOR such as RAD001 induce leading promotion limited antitumor efficacy. We thus hypothesized that use autophagy inhibitor...

Bladder cancer (BC), a common urologic cancer, is the fifth most frequently diagnosed tumor worldwide. hsa‑miR‑34a displays antitumor activity in several types of cancer. However, functional mechanisms underlying BC remains largely unknown. We observed that hsa‑mir‑34a levels were significantly and negatively associated with clinical disease stage as well regional lymph node metastasis human BC. In series vitro investigations, overexpression inhibited cell migration invasion lines 5637 UMUC3...

Abstract A high basal level of autophagic flux in bladder cancer (BC) cells prevents cell death and weakens chemotherapy efficacy. However, how autophagy influences cancer‐associated immunosuppression BC remains undetermined. In this study, we observed a negative correlation between the autophagy‐related markers LC3‐II programmed ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) cells. The inhibitors chloroquine (CQ) bafilomycin A1 (Baf‐A1) increased PD‐L1 expression through ERK–JNK–c‐Jun signal‐transduction pathway....

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is known for its pharmacological properties against malignant neoplasm, including bladder cancer (BC). The current study investigated microRNAs (miRNA or miR) expression profiles with an emphasis on the role of miR‑99a‑5p in BITC‑treated BC cells. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) microarray containing 79 aberrantly expressed miRNAs was used to detect miRNA Several dysregulated were identified and further confirmed using stem‑loop reverse...

Abstract Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urological tumour in Western countries. Approximately, 80% of patients with BC will present non‐muscle invasive bladder (NMIBC), whereas a quarter have muscle disease (MIBC) at time diagnosis. However, NMIBC are risk recurrence or progression into MIBC, and an MIBC prognosis determined by presence metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), type matrix (MMP), plays major role invasion well‐characterized prognosis. In BC, mechanisms...

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a bioactive natural product present in cruciferous vegetables, has been proved to prevent cancer progression through various mechanisms. In our previous report, we that BITC exhibits antitumor effects bladder by suppressing IGF1R, FGFR3, and mTOR, which is mediated miR-99a expression. this study, identified the signal pathway involved regulating expression after exposure cancer. Treatment with different concentrations resulted induction of cell lines. Activation...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an imbalance between androgen/estrogen, overexpression of stromal, and epithelial growth factors associated with chronic inflammation, has become atypical direct cause mortality aged male diseases. Ginkgo possesses anti-inflammatory, blood flow-enhancing, free radical scavenging effects. Considering strenuous exercise can reduce BPH risks, we hypothesize + ( Ex) could be beneficial to BPH. To verify this, rat model was induced by s.c. 3.5 mg testosterone...

Objective: Quercetin, a natural dietary compound, has been demonstrated with antitumor activities against several types of cancers by disrupting cell cycle and inducing apoptotic death. However, human bladder cancer cells such as 5637 T24 expressing mutant p53 are resistant to 24 hrs quercetin treatment. In this study, the anticancer effect was evaluated in these cells. Materials Methods: The treated were subjected apoptosis caspase activity, TUNEL assay viability assay. autophagy assessed...

This study presents the design, implementation and driving control of a switched-reluctance motor (SRM)-driven cooling fan. First, after exploring structural features, 70-W three-phase SRM with six four teeth is designed, manufactured estimated its key parameters. Secondly, Miller converter an asymmetric bridge are constructed their switching commutation shift schemes being properly designed. Thorough experimental evaluations conducted for SRM-driven fan powered by different converters. It...