A5002863780- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Climate variability and models
- Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Model Reduction and Neural Networks
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
Brookhaven National Laboratory
2017-2025
Anhui University of Science and Technology
2020-2025
Changchun University of Science and Technology
2024
Xi'an University of Technology
2023-2024
China Meteorological Administration
2021-2024
China University of Mining and Technology
2021-2024
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering
2024
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai)
2024
Guangxi University of Science and Technology
2024
Beihang University
2024
Secondary ice production (SIP) can significantly enhance particle number concentrations in mixed-phase clouds, resulting a substantial impact on mass flux and evolution of cold cloud systems. SIP is especially important at temperatures warmer than -[Formula: see text]C, for which primary nucleation lacks significant efficient nucleating particles. However, determining the climatological significance has proved difficult using existing observational methods. Here we quantify long-term...
Abstract Classical and quantum space-to-ground communications necessitate highly sensitive receivers capable of extracting information from modulated photons to extend the communication distance near-earth orbits deep space explorations. To achieve gigabit data rates while mitigating strong background noise beam drift in a attenuated free-space channel, comprehensive design multi-functional detector is indispensable. In this study, we present an innovative compact multi-pixel superconducting...
Marine cloud brightening (MCB) is the deliberate injection of aerosol particles into shallow marine clouds to increase their reflection solar radiation and reduce amount energy absorbed by climate system. From physical science perspective, consensus a broad international group scientists that viability MCB will ultimately depend on whether observations models can robustly assess scale-up local-to-global in today's identify strategies ensure an equitable geographical distribution benefits...
Significance Atmospheric aerosol concentration is linked to cloud brightness and lifetime through the modulation of precipitation. Generally speaking, larger droplets wider-droplet size distributions form precipitation more efficiently. We create steady-state clouds in laboratory a balance constant injection cloud-droplet removal due settling. As decreased, mean diameter increases, as expected, but also width distribution increases sharply. Theory, simulations, measurements point greater...
The reason why ice nucleation is more efficient by contact than immersion has been elusive for over half a century. Six proposed mechanisms are summarized in this study. Among them, the pressure perturbation hypothesis, which arose from recent experiments, can qualitatively explain nearly all existing results relevant to nucleation. To explore plausibility of hypothesis quantitative fashion and guide future investigations, study assessed magnitude needed cause associated spatial scales....
Abstract The deactivation effects and mechanism of plasma‐activated water (PAW) against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm the inhibitory effect on regrowth capacity for surviving S. post PAW treatment were investigated in vitro. Systematic measurements bacterial cultivability, metabolic capacity, membrane integrity intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration under two different experimental categories carried out after treatment. Considerable discovered both prolonging inducement...
Sedimentary strata of the terminal Ediacaran (635–542 Ma) to early Cambrian (542–488 Laobao-Liuchapo bedded cherts in South China Block include Oxidation Event and explosion. Understanding origin depositional environment may provide insight into how Earth's surface changed between Proterozoic Phanerozoic. We measured major trace element compositions Ge/Si ratios Laobao from northern Guangxi province. The were deposited deep basinal Block. show that composition is determined by a mixture four...
Abstract The convection–cloud chamber enables measurement of aerosol and cloud microphysics, as well their interactions, within a turbulent environment under steady‐state conditions. Increasing the size chamber, while holding imposed temperature difference constant, leads to increased Rayleigh, Reynolds Nusselt numbers. Large–eddy simulation coupled with bin microphysics model allows influence velocity, time, spatial scales on microphysical properties be explored. Simulations fixed aspect...
Abstract Collisional growth of cloud droplets is an essential yet uncertain process for drizzle and precipitation formation. To improve the quantitative understanding this key component cloud‐aerosol‐turbulence interactions, observational studies collision‐coalescence in a controlled laboratory environment are needed. In existing convection‐cloud chamber (the Pi Chamber), collisional limited by low liquid water content short droplet residence times. work, we use numerical simulations to...
Abstract Entrainment of subsaturated air into a cloud can influence its optical and microphysical properties in various ways, depending on the droplet evaporation turbulent mixing time scales. Previous experiments Pi convection-cloud chamber have revealed that, given fixed entrained property, results complete some droplets, with rest remaining unchanged. This is signature inhomogeneous mixing. While comparing entrainment varying properties, appears as if well mixed to evenly reduce droplets’...
Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2.5</sub> ) poses significant risks to both environmental and human health, highlighting the need for regional estimations spatiotemporal analyses. While most studies have focused on large-scale areas, such as global or national levels, fewer addressed PM at urban level. This study analyzed monitoring data from ground stations in Wuhan, collected between July...
Impacts of aerosol particles on clouds, precipitation, and climate remain one the significant uncertainties in change. Aerosol entrained at cloud top edge can affect microphysical macrophysical properties, but process is still poorly understood. Here we investigate responses to entrainment aerosol-laden air Pi convection-cloud chamber. Results show that droplet number concentration increases mean radius droplets decreases, which leads narrower size distribution smaller relative dispersion....
<title>Abstract</title> To investigate the energy dissipation law and damage constitutive relationship of low-temperature fine sandstone under impact loading, compression tests were conducted on Jurassic Cretaceous at different temperatures by using SHPB test system, stress-strain curves recorded. The between dynamic peak stress temperature sample in was analyzed, fractal dimension fragmentation explored introducing dimension, D. A model statistical for strength based Weibull distribution...
Abstract. It is known that aqueous haze particles can be activated into cloud droplets in a supersaturated environment. However, haze–cloud interactions have not been fully explored, partly because are represented most cloud-resolving models. Here, we conduct series of large-eddy simulations (LESs) convection chamber using haze-capable Eulerian-based bin microphysics scheme to explore over wide range aerosol injection rates. Results show the slow regime at low rates, where responds slowly an...
Abstract. Cloud droplet size distributions (CDSDs), which are related to cloud albedo and rain formation, usually broader in warm clouds than predicted from adiabatic parcel calculations. We investigate a mechanism for the CDSD broadening using moving-size-grid model that considers condensational growth of droplets formed on polydisperse, submicrometer aerosols an undergoes vertical oscillations, such as those due circulations or turbulence. Results show can be broadened during result...
Abstract The Pi Cloud Chamber offers a unique opportunity to study aerosol‐cloud microphysics interactions in steady‐state, turbulent environment. In this work, an atmospheric large‐eddy simulation (LES) model with spectral bin is scaled down simulate these interactions, allowing comparison experimental results. A simple scalar flux budget developed and used explore the effect of sidewalls on bulk mixing temperature, water vapor ratio, supersaturation. produce comparable values. LES dynamics...
Supercooled water is found to have a significantly enhanced freezing temperature during transient electrowetting with electric fields of order 1 V/μm. High speed imaging reveals that the nucleation occurs randomly at three-phase contact line (droplet perimeter) and can occur multiple points one event. Possible mechanisms are explored by testing various substrate geometries materials. Results demonstrate field alone has no detectable effect on ice nucleation, but moving boundary droplet due...
The question of whether persistent ice crystal precipitation from supercooled layer clouds can be explained by time‐dependent, stochastic nucleation is explored using an approximate, analytical model and a large‐eddy simulation (LES) cloud model. updraft velocity in the defines accumulation zone, where small particles cannot fall out until they are large enough, which will increase residence time cloud. Ice reach quasi‐steady state between growth vapor deposition speed at base. predicts that...
Abstract. Cloud droplet response to entrainment and mixing between a cloud its environment is considered, accounting for subsequent growth during adiabatic ascent following event. The vertical profile liquid water ratio after event derived analytically, allowing the reduction be predicted from fraction temperature humidity both environment. It limit of homogeneous mixing. expression leads critical height above level: at radius same mixed unmixed parcels, independent updraft velocity...
Abstract Ground‐based remote sensing measurements from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) West Antarctic Experiment (AWARE) campaign at McMurdo station and ARM North Slope of Alaska (NSA) Utqiaġvik site are used to retrieve analyze single‐layer stratiform mixed‐phase cloud macrophysical microphysical properties for these different polar environments. Single‐layer clouds have annual frequencies occurrence ~14.7% ~7.3% McMurdo, with highest occurrences in early autumn....
Abstract Precipitation efficiency and optical properties of clouds, both central to determining Earth's weather climate, depend on the size distribution cloud particles. In this work theoretical expressions for droplet shape are evaluated using measurements from controlled experiments in a convective‐cloud chamber. The unique opportunity constrain theory because they steady‐state initial boundary conditions well characterized compared typical atmospheric measurements. Three distributions...