Abstract: Diaper dermatitis may result after repeated or prolonged contact of skin with urine and feces. A hairless mouse model was used to elucidate the role in this process. The results work suggest that an important function etiology diaper is increase pH environment by breaking down urea presence fecal urease. This rise increases activities proteases lipases, which can damage skin. Urine also permeability diapered irritants directly irritate when exposure prolonged.

ABSTRACT Plant litter is an important nutrient pool in grassland ecosystems. Management practices affect quality and may dynamics pastures by altering the rates of mineralization immobilization. The effect management intensity on decomposition disappearance was evaluated a bag study continuously stocked ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flügge) growing Pomona Smyrna sands. Treatments were three intensities: Low (40 kg N ha −1 yr 1.3 animal units [AU, one AU = 500 live weight]...

Most of the research efforts involving bovine gastrointestinal microbiota have focused on cattle's forestomach, particularly rumen, so information concerning fecal is more scarce, especially in young beef cattle. The present study was performed to evaluate ruminal and microbiotas calves as they reached end their nursing phase. A total 18 Angus cow/calf pairs were selected assigned one two treatment groups for last 92 days calves' period, follows: 1) supplemented with concentrate a creep...

Many producers raise their own replacement heifers, and economic models have shown that the cost of raising replace­ment heifers from weaning to breeding is in excess $1,400. Moreover, a heifer must wean 4 6 calves over course its productive life offset initial development. Thus, selection development are likely remain for many years imperative long-term suc­cess cow herd. Heifers successfully complete program those achieve puberty early so they conceive no later than 15 months age deliver...

Abstract This study investigated the relationship between subcutaneous backfat thickness (SCBF) and semen quality in young beef bulls. We hypothesized that bulls with increased SCBF would have decreased compared of adequate SCBF, despite being fed same diet. Data collected from yearling (n = 710) enrolled two bull development programs were utilized an observational retrospective cohort study. Bulls developed according to industry standard practices growth performance was evaluated over 84 or...

Early weaning of calves ( Bos spp.) increases pregnancy rates beef cows; however, there is little information on nutritional management the weaned calf pasture. This research evaluated effect concentrate supplementation level performance early (90 d age) grazing annual ryegrass Lolium multiflorum Lam.)–rye Secale cereale L.) mixtures Adamsville (uncoated, hyperthermic, Aquic Quartzipsamment) and Pomona (sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Ultic Alaquod) sands. Three levels supplement (10, 15, 20...

ABSTRACT Plant litter is an important pathway of nutrient return to the soil in grazed swards, but effects pasture management on mass and composition are not well understood. This research evaluated effect intensity, defined terms N fertilization stocking rate (SR), mass, deposition rate, chemical continuously stocked ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flügge) pastures growing Pomona Smyrna sands. Treatments were three intensities: Low (40 kg ha −1 yr 1.3 animal units [AU, one AU =...

There are about 1 million ha of bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flügge) pasture in Florida. Rapid population growth is reducing grassland area and may force beef cattle Bos taurus ) producers to achieve economic livelihood on less land. One alternative increase management intensity existing pasture. This research evaluated effects heifer performance. Management intensities were low (40 kg N −1 yr , 1.4 animal units [AU, one AU = 500 live weight] stocking rate [SR]), moderate (120 2.8 SR), high...

Animal excreta return to pastures plays a major role in nutrient cycling. Improvement distribution may increase recovery by pasture plants. Pasture management modify animal behavior and distribution. This study evaluated the effects of intensity on soil concentration continuously stocked ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flügge) pastures. The three intensities were: Low (40 kg N ha −1 yr 1.4 units [AU, one AU = 500 live weight] stocking rate [SR]), Moderate (120 2.8 SR), High (360...

Fecal bile acid patterns and concentrations have been determined for 28 infants who were followed from average ages of 3–11 months. Half solely breast-fed half formula-fed at the beginning study. Breast-fed found to significantly (p < 0.05) lower cholic than group, up an age 5 Concentrations deoxycholic lithocholic acids directionally in all ages. chenodeoxycholic similar both groups throughout At end study, excreting 17% their total form secondary acids, compared 33% infants. This pattern...

In the South, early weaned calves ( Bos taurus ) can be raised on pasture‐based feeding programs, but to effectively meet their nutritional requirements, more information is needed forage protein characteristics. Experiments were conducted from January April and May July 2003 2004 evaluate effects of N fertilization regrowth interval crude (CP) fraction concentrations rye Secale cereale L.)–annual ryegrass Lolium multiflorum Lam.) mixtures ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass Cynodon sp.). Treatments...

There has been limited research to define appropriate management practices for pastures grazed by early weaned calves. Experiments were conducted from January April (cool season) and May July (warm 2003 2004 evaluate the effects of N fertilization regrowth interval on herbage mass nutritive value rye ( Secale cereale L.)‐annual ryegrass Lolium multiflorum Lam.) mixtures ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass Cynodon sp.). Treatments factorial combinations three rates (0, 40, 80 kg ha −1 period , with two...

Redistribution of soil nutrients often occurs on grazed swards, but the effect these changes herbage response is not well understood. This 3‐yr study evaluated effects a wide range management intensities patterns and nutrient responses in continuously stocked ‘Pensacola’ bahiagrass ( Paspalum notatum Flügge) pastures growing Pomona Smyrna sands. The three were: Low (40 kg N ha −1 yr 1.4 animal units [AU, one AU = 500 live weight] stocking rate [SR]), Moderate (120 2.8 SR), High (360 4.2 SR)....

The objective of this study was to evaluate the meat quality and shelf life steaks from steers fed dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) or corn gluten feed (CGF) compared soybean meal (SBM) as a protein supplement weaning slaughter. Angus cross (n = 81; BW 306 ± 26.1 kg) were randomly assigned pens 9) stocker diet silage (75% DM) DDGS, CGF, SBM ground ear corn. After 84 d stockering, 12 (BW 397 15.3 selected each treatment finished using same at 25% DM for 100 d. Carcass data...

Abstract Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] can be an effective way to improve forage quality and reduce the need for additional supplementation when fed livestock. The objective of this research was compare nutritive value mass with without interseeded harvested as baleage. On 19 Feb. 2016, 0.2‐ha plots were assigned in a randomized complete block design either ‘Tifton 85’ (T85) or T85 ‘Bulldog 805’ (T85+Alf) established field Tifton...

Early weaning of calves ( Bos sp.) may increase pregnancy rates primiparous beef cows; however, there is little information on nutritional management the calf. The objective this study was to evaluate calf responses dietary supplement level [10, 15, and 20 g kg −1 body weight (BW)] when ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass Cynodon summer component a pasture‐based system for raising early weaned calves. Supplement contained 146 700 crude protein (CP) total digestible nutrients (TDN), respectively. Soils...

Corn gluten feed and dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) were evaluated as replacements for soybean meal ground ear corn when supplemented with silage during 2 yr of a beef cattle stockering program. Experiment 1: In YR 1, 104 steers (initial BW = 305 ± 30 kg), in 2, 56 38 heifers 301 32 kg) stratified by weight assigned to 1 9 groups. Each group was randomly 3 silage-based (75% DM) diets with: i) (CGF), ii) DDGS, or iii) (CSBM) at 25% DM. On d 0, 28, 56, 84, BCS recorded....

A study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing beef calves during their suckling phase (popularly known as creep feeding) with supplements that contained or did not contain enzyme xylanase. Forty-two cow-calf pairs were divided into three groups and assigned one treatments for a period 105 days, follows: (1) No supplemental feed (control; CON); (2) Corn soybean meal-based supplement (positive control; PCON); (3) Same regimen PCON xylanase added (enzyme; ENZ). After out 42...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the inclusion of feed enzymes into beef cattle creep feeds. In first one, following treatments tested in vitro: (1) 100% bermudagrass (GRASS); (2) a mixture 75% and 25% (CREEP); (3) CREEP enhanced with endo-1,4-β-xylanase (XYLAN); (4) endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase (BGLUC). Degradation fibre was greatest (P ≤ 0.03) for BGLUC, whereas vitro dry matter digestibility = 0.01) XYLAN. second experiment, cow-calf pairs from 2 farms split 3 groups: Group no...

In brief Paternal high-gain diet reduces blastocyst development following in vitro fertilization and embryo culture but does not affect gene expression or cellular allocation of resultant blastocysts. Abstract Bulls used cattle production are often overfed to induce rapid growth, early puberty, increase sale price. While the negative consequences undernutrition on bull sperm quality known, it is unclear how a influences development. We hypothesized that semen collected from bulls fed would...

Abstract The rumen microbial ecosystem provides ruminants a selective advantage, the ability to utilize forages, allowing them flourish worldwide in various environments. For many years, our understanding of ruminal was limited microbes (usually only laboratory-amenable bacteria) grown pure culture, meaning that much function remained “black box.” However, degradation plant cell walls is performed by consortium bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and fungi produces wide variety carbohydrate-active...

Stocking method is an important management tool that may affect plant responses, but there are few studies have evaluated these responses under a wide range of stocking methods. The objective this research was to determine the effect different methods on herbage accumulation and nutritive value. Treatments were four rotational strategies differing in length grazing period (1, 3, 7, 21 days) with same resting days, one continuous treatment 'Pensacola' bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge)...

Abstract Potassium fertilization and harvest timing both influence the stand life performance of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.), but many producers do not apply sufficient K fertilizer as recommended by soil test recommendations. The objective this trial was to determine impact reduced rates on cultivar Bulldog 805 managed under different regimes forage yield, persistence, nutritive value when grown in southern Coastal Plains. Plots were harvested at bud, 10, 30, 50% bloom growth stages....