This study evaluated the effects of hypoxia on heart juvenile four-finger threadfin ( Eleutheronema tetradactylum ) through physiological and transcriptome analysis. Juveniles with an average weight 122.82 g length 24.60 cm were used. Hypoxia significantly increased serum myocardial enzyme activities, including creatine kinase (CK), kinase-MB isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-hydroxybutyrate (HDBH). These indicators initially rose then declined, reflecting cardiac stress suggesting...

There has been a surge of research in the aquaculture industry investigating probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic interventions on physiological mechanisms fish, specifically digestive enzymes, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense. In probiotics have shown to improve nutrient utilization growth performance by stimulating enzymes. Meanwhile, probiotics, prebiotics synbiotics also studied for their ability modulate stress defense highlighting multifaceted health benefits. This review...

The growing microbial resistance against antibiotics and the development of resistant strains has shifted interests many scientists to focus on metallic nanoparticle applications. Although several metal oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized using green route approach measure their antimicrobial activity, there little or no literature use

In intensive aquaculture systems, dissolved oxygen (DO) is the most critical and limiting factor for development health of aquatic organisms. Hypoxia a common phenomenon in aquaculture. Its effects on fish's growth immune system have been widely reported, but molecular mechanisms hypoxic stress damage to fish gut are not fully understood. Additionally, studies intestinal metabolism cobia (Rachycentron canadum) still limited. Therefore, this study used explore metabolism. study, combination...

Water temperature plays a crucial role in the growth, survival, and reproduction of fish species, as they make up majority aquatic fauna. In this study, effects low were studied on functional state juvenile golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus ) under low-temperature stress. The study was conducted at 28°C control group 18°C cold for 14 d to determine intestinal tissue, digestive antioxidant enzyme activities, metabolites fish. results showed that: (1) swelling degree muscle layer deepened...

In intensive aquaculture, ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) is a major pollutant, causing oxidative stress and immune damage to aquatic organisms. The liver crucial in protecting against biotic abiotic stresses, but the response mechanisms juvenile four-finger threadfin ( Eleutheronema tetradactylum ) are not well understood. This study investigated these by examining tissue structure, enzyme activities, metabolomic changes stress. Juvenile (7.4 ± 0.6 g) were divided into control, NH₃-N (50% LC 50 96...

Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) is an important cultured marine fish species in southern China. It characterized by fast growth. Due to the effects of climate change on water oxygen levels and seawater temperatures, understanding influence environmental changes cobia culture has become important. In this study, explore stress adaptability under hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions, were exposed oxygen-deficient environment with dissolved (DO) level 2.64 ± 0.25 mg/L. Serum liver function target,...

Abstract The fish immune system is a topic or subject that offers unique understanding of defensive evolution in vertebrate heredity. While gut microbiota plays several roles fish: well-being, promoting health and growth, resistance to bacterial invasion, regulation energy absorption, lipid metabolism. However, studies on face practical challenges due the large number varieties, fluctuating environmental conditions, differences feeding habits. This study was carried out evaluate impacts...

In this study, juvenile cobia fish (Rachycentron canadum) (body weight: 50.44 ± 2.78 g) were used as a study object to investigate the effects of hypoxia stress (dissolved oxygen: 3.15 0.21 mg/L) on activities their digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology and relative expression tight junction proteins coding genes. Under experimental conditions, given 28 days stress. The results showed that enzymes in intestines group decreased. addition, amylase lipase decreased significantly (p < 0.05),...

In this study, cobia (Rachycentron canadum) juveniles were utilised as an aquatic model to explore growth performance and immune indices after 70 days of feeding with supplementation viable isolated microbes' concentrations 1 × 1010 1012 CFU/mL indigenous isolates Bacillus sp. RCS1 cereus strain RCS3, respectively. Regarding performance, fish provided the exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) enhancement. The hematological such red blood cells, white corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean...

Agrochemicals, also known as pesticides include nematicides, molluscicides, rodenticides, herbicides, fungicides and insecticides, can control pests, weeds, fungi, rodents, etc. The accumulation of in the food chain water has harmful effects on humans animals.  Despite advantages provided by pesticides, aquatic organisms human health are affected results continuous usage issues building up chemical substances organisms, such fish. Pesticides must be lethal to targeted species without any...

Large-scale fish farming faces many environmental stresses, which affect their immune systems, growth performance, and physiological homeostasis, resulting in increase susceptibility to infections. Some of the most common bacterial infections cobia ( Rachycentron canadum ) include streptococcosis, vibriosis, furunculosis mycobacteriosis, pastelleurosis. Probiotics could be helpful reducing or limiting incidence severe disease outbreaks. Therefore, present study aimed isolate indigenous...

The use of real and artificial effigies has proven to be an effective alternative pyrotechnics other traditional methods for the dispersal nuisance vulture roosts. During winters 2005-2006 2006-2007, we applied same principles effigy a large urban crow roost in Lancaster, PA area. initial deployment occurred November 2005 wooded area where approximately 10,000 birds had already congregated detriment nearby businesses. By December, as grew 40,000 birds, successively moved series alternate...

Cobia Rachycentron canadum is an economically important fish and cultured throughout southern China other part of the world. However, knowledge metabolism nutritional requirements cobia embryos remains limited. This study investigated changes biochemical composition, as well activities related digestive antioxidant enzymes during development both eggs yolk-sac larvae (Rachycentron canadum). The results showed that egg mass at fertilized stage increased gradually to blastula a significant...