The present study was aimed at elucidating the effects of supplementing mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) and probiotic mixture (PM) on growth performance, intestinal histology, corticosterone concentrations in broilers kept under chronic heat stress (HS). Four hundred fifty 1-d-old chicks were divided into 5 treatment groups fed a corn-soybean diet ad-libitum. temperature control (CONT) group held normal ambient temperature. Heat 35 ± 2°C from d 1 until termination 42. consisted HS-CONT basal...

Applications of antimicrobials in food production and human health have found favor throughout history. Antibiotic applications agricultural medical arenas resulted tremendous increases animal historically unprecedented gains protection. Successes attributed to widespread antibiotic use been accompanied by the inadvertent emergence antibiotic-resistant bacteria. A major problem associated with this emerging resistance is crossover some antibiotics settings as well prevention treatment...

Campylobacter jejuni, a common commensal in chickens, is one of the leading causes bacterial gastroenteritis humans worldwide. The aims this investigation were twofold. First, we sought to determine whether mutations C. jejuni ciaB and pldA virulence-associated genes impaired organism's ability colonize chickens. Second, if inoculation chicks with mutants could confer protection from subsequent challenge wild-type strain. gene encodes secreted protein necessary for maximal invasion into...

Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of human gastrointestinal illness throughout the world. Infections with C. and coli are frequently acquired by eating undercooked chicken. The ability to become established in tract chickens believed involve binding bacterium surface. A 37-kD outer membrane protein, termed CadF, has been described that facilitates fibronectin. This study was conducted determine whether CadF protein required for colonize cecum newly hatched chicks. Day-of-hatch chicks...

A recent study of beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic swine found that 53% were resistant to chloramphenicol, a drug has been prohibited use in food animals the US since mid-1980s. To identify factors governing persistence chloramphenicol resistance absence specific selection pressure, location gene cmlA and its linkage other determinants investigated. Southern blot analysis plasmid DNA 46 E. isolates indicated was present on large plasmids greater than 100 kbp. Fifty-two...

High fiber and nonstarch polysaccharide-based poultry diets have received more interest recently for retaining or promoting beneficial gastrointestinal microbial populations. The objective of this study was to investigate compare the in vitro potential fermentability high-fiber feed substrates (HFFS) by laying hen cecal microflora. Feed sources examined included soybean meal, hull, beet pulp, wheat middlings, ground sorghum, cottonseed 100% alfalfa 90% + 10% commercial layer ration, 80% 20%...

Intestinal microbiota is an important component in the development of defense mechanisms gut mucosa. This project determined dynamics intestinal microbial communities (MC) broilers vaccinated at first day age with live oocysts Eimeria species and fed diets supplemented 2 specific essential oil (EO) blends, Crina Poultry (CP) Alternate (CA). Five treatments were analyzed: 1) unmedicated-uninfected (UU) control; 2) unmedicated-infected (UI) 3) Advent cocci-vaccine without feed additive (COV)...

The present study examined the effects of four prebiotic compounds on nutrient and energy digestibility soybean-meal-based diets by red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). experimental contained 40% crude protein which approximately half was provided soybean meal with remainder from menhaden fish meal. prebiotics GroBiotic®-A (a mixture partially autolysed brewers yeast, dairy ingredient components dried fermentation products), mannanoligosaccharide (MOS), galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) inulin were...

The gastrointestinal tract commensal microbiome is important for host nutrition, health and immunity. Little information available regarding the role of these commensals at other mucosal surfaces in poultry. Tracheal offer sites first-line immunity promotion broilers, especially under stress-related conditions. present study aimed elucidating effects feed supplementations with mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) prebiotic a probiotic mixture (PM) on caecal tracheal broilers kept chronic heat stress...

Linalool is a natural plant-product used in perfumes, cosmetics, and flavoring agents. has proven antimicrobial insect-repellant properties, which indicate it might be useful for control of enteropathogens or insect pests poultry production. However, there are no published reports that linalool may safely administered to tolerated by chickens. was added the diets day-of-hatch chicks, they were fed linalool-supplemented 3 wk. We studied effects on serum chemistry, gross pathology, feed...

Evaluation of digestive microbial ecology is necessary to understand effects growth-promoting feed. In the current study, dynamics intestinal communities (MC) were examined in broilers fed diets supplemented with a combination antibiotic (bacitracin methylene disalicylate) and ionophore (Coban 60), containing 1 2 essential oil (EO) blends, Crina Poultry (CP) Alternate (CA). Five treatments analyzed: 1) unmedicated uninfected control; 2) infected 3) feed additives monensin + 60; AI); 4) EO...

The enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium uses autoinducer-2 (AI-2) as a signaling molecule. AI-2 requires the luxS gene for its synthesis. regulation of global expression in by luxS/AI-2 is currently not known; therefore, focus this study was to elucidate patterns regulated luxS/AI-2. genes controlled were identified using microarrays with RNA samples from wild-type (WT) and isogenic DeltaluxS mutant, two growth conditions (presence absence glucose) at mid-log early...

The incidence and severity of disease associated with toxigenic Clostridium difficile have increased in hospitals North America from the emergence newer, more virulent strains. Toxigenic C. has been isolated food animals retail meat potential implications transfer to human beings. objective present study was determine prevalence chickens poultry Texas. Seven isolates were detected fecal samples 300 (2.3%) broiler chickens. Three cultivation procedures evaluated for isolation 1/32 (3.1%),...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects 2 Mexican oregano essential oils (MOO), from Poliomintha longiflora Gray (PLG) and Lippia berlandieri Schauer (LBS), in drinking water (DWt) on performance, slaughter variables, meat quality broilers over a 40 D period growth. A total 180 non-sexed Ross-308 (1-day-old) were randomly assigned 3 treatments with 6 replications each (10 birds per replicate): CON = DWt control (without MOO); PLG + 400 mg/L PLG; LBS LBS. CON, PLG, body...

To examine the variability in faecal shedding of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 healthy lactating dairy cattle to evaluate genetic relatedness isolates.Faecal samples were obtained from Holstein on four commercial farms southwestern US. All within an 8-km radius sampled August 2001, January 2002 (60 cows per farm sampling; n = 720 total samples). Samples cultured for E. a portion recovered isolates examined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Faecal varied considerably...

Broiler chicks were given 4 or 120 mumol propionic[1-14C] acid by gavage to determine its chemical fate and distribution of radiolabel among organs tissues [foregut (crop, gizzard, proventriculus), intestine (small large), ceca, liver, serum]. At 15 60 min postgavage, most the extractable remaining in was found foregut. Significantly higher percentages administered detected at serum liver extracts propionic than only mumol. After min, 41 30%, respectively, total accounted for digestive tract...