A5046560307- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Media Influence and Health
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Noise Effects and Management
- Risk Perception and Management
- School Health and Nursing Education
- Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Health and Wellbeing Research
University of Waterloo
2016-2025
Ontario Institute for Cancer Research
2016-2025
Institute of Cancer Research
2013-2024
Research Canada
2010-2024
Toronto General Hospital
2024
MUSC Hollings Cancer Center
2014-2023
Medical University of South Carolina
2013-2023
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
2009-2023
University Hospital Cologne
2021-2023
University of Cologne
2021-2023
The authors propose that experiments utilize mediational analyses as suggested by R. M. Baron and D. A. Kenny (1986) are overused sometimes improperly held up necessary for a good social psychological paper. argue when it is easy to manipulate measure proposed process series of demonstrates the causal chain superior. They further but difficult designs examine underlying utilizing moderation can be effective. It only measurement manipulation rely on should preferred, even in these situations...
Context.—African American adolescents are at high risk of contracting sexually transmitted infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but which behavioral interventions to reduce most effective and who should conduct them is not known.Objective.—To evaluate the effects abstinence safer-sex HIV risk-reduction on young inner-city African adolescents' sexual behaviors when implemented by adult facilitators as compared peer cofacilitators.Design.—Randomized controlled trial 3-, 6-,...
<h3>Background</h3> This paper describes the methods and conceptual framework for Wave 1 of Population Assessment Tobacco Health (PATH) Study data collection. The National Institutes Health, through Institute on Drug Abuse, is partnering with Food Administration9s (FDA) Center Products to conduct PATH under a contract Westat. <h3>Methods</h3> nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study 45 971 adults youth in USA, aged 12 years older. was conducted from September 2013 15 December...
BACKGROUND. The number of reported cases acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is increasing disproportionately among Blacks in the United States. relatively high incidence sexually transmitted diseases Black adolescents suggest need for AIDS prevention programs to reduce their risk human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS. male (n = 157) were randomly assigned receive an reduction intervention aimed at AIDS-related knowledge and weakening problematic attitudes toward risky...
Health warnings on cigarette packages are among the most common means of communicating health risks smoking. However, few studies have evaluated impact package consumer knowledge about tobacco risks.
The International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey (ITC-4) is a prospective cohort study designed to evaluate the psychosocial and behavioural impact of national-level tobacco control policies enacted in Australia, Canada, UK, USA. Wave 1 ITC-4 survey was conducted between October 2002 December 2002. 2 May 2003 August 2003.To test for individual-level predictors smoking cessation behaviours (that is, quit attempts cessation) among cigarette smokers ITC Study measured 2. This set...
Objective: To evaluate the psychosocial and behavioural impact of first ever national level comprehensive workplace smoke-free law, implemented in Ireland March 2004. Design: Quasi-experimental prospective cohort survey: parallel telephone surveys representative samples adult smokers (n = 769) UK 416), surveyed before law (December 2003 to January 2004) 8–9 months after 2004 2005). Main outcome measures: Respondents’ reports smoking key public venues, support for total bans those changes due...
Objectives: To examine the impact of health warnings on smokers by comparing short-term new graphic (2006) Australian with: (i) earlier (2003) United Kingdom larger text-based warnings; (ii) and Canadian (late 2000); also to extend our understanding warning wear-out. Methods: The International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC Project) follows prospective cohorts (with replenishment) adult annually (five waves: 2002–2006), in Canada, States, UK Australia (around 2000 per country...
Journal Article Socioeconomic disparities in quit intentions, attempts, and smoking abstinence among smokers four western countries: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey Get access Jessica L. Reid, M.Sc., M.Sc. 1Department of Health Studies Gerontology, University Waterloo, Ontario, Canada2Propel Centre for Population Impact, Canada Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Hammond, Ph.D., Ph.D. Christian Boudreau,...
Objective: To report on prevalence, trends and determinants of smoke-free home policies in smokers’ homes different countries to estimate the effects these smoking cessation. Design: Two waves International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey (ITC-4), a cohort survey smokers conducted by telephone. Wave 1 was October/December 2002 with broadly representative samples over 2000 adult (⩾ 18 years) cigarette each following four countries: Canada, United States, Kingdom, Australia, 75% whom...
To examine prospectively the impact of health warnings on quitting activity.Five waves (2002-06) a cohort survey where reactions to at one wave are used predict cessation activity next wave, controlling for country (proxy warning differences) and other factors. These analyses were replicated four wave-to-wave transitions.Smokers from Australia, Canada, United Kingdom States. Samples 1-2: n = 6525; 2-3: 5257; 3-4: 4439; 4-5: 3993.Warning salience, cognitive responses (thoughts harm quitting),...
To determine whether in countries with high gender empowerment the female-to-male smoking prevalence ratio is also higher.Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were performed to explore relation between United Nations Development Programme's measure (GEM) (calculated from 2008 WHO global tobacco control report). Because a country's progression through various stages of epidemic its (GSR) are thought be influenced by level development, we explored this correlation as well, economic...
To examine differences in vaping and smoking prevalence among adolescents Canada, England, the United States.
<h3>Background</h3> Tobacco use is still highly prevalent in Europe, despite the tobacco control efforts made by governments. The development of policies varies substantially across countries. Control Scale (TCS) was introduced to quantify implementation European countries <h3>Objective</h3> To assess midterm association on smoking prevalence and quit ratios among 27 Union (EU) Member States (EU27). <h3>Methods</h3> Ecological study. We used TCS EU27 2007 data from Eurobarometer survey (2006...
The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) has mobilised efforts among 180 parties to combat the global tobacco epidemic. This study examined association between highest-level implementation of key control demand-reduction measures FCTC and smoking prevalence over treaty's first decade.We used data from 126 countries examine number implementations articles 6, 8, 11, 13, 14) 2007 2014 estimates 2005 2015. McNemar tests were done test differences in proportion that had...
The 2018 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Report found substantial evidence that electronic cigarette use (vaping) by youth is strongly associated with an increased risk ever using cigarettes (smoking) moderately progressing to more established smoking. However, the also noted recent increases in vaping have been declining rates This paper examines temporal relationship between smoking multiple data sets explore question whether promotes initiation USA.Using publicly...