Although the amygdala is a major locus for hedonic processing, how it encodes valence information poorly understood. Given potency of odor stimuli and amygdala's anatomical proximity to peripheral olfactory system, we combined high-resolution fMRI with pattern-based multivariate techniques examine encoded in amygdala. Ten human subjects underwent scanning while smelling 9 odorants that systematically varied perceived valence. Representational similarity analyses showed codes entire dimension...

The defect-tolerant nature of lead halide perovskites renders outstanding luminescence by simple space-confined growth in nanopores. fluorescence turn-on and wavelength-shift phenomena could be found the formation methylammonium tribromide (MAPbBr3) nanocrystals hollow SiO2 nanospheres triggered reaction between methylamine (MA) gas HPbBr3/PbBr2@SiO2 nanospheres. enhanced intensity is linear with MA concentration range 1.0-95 ppm a limit detection (LOD) 70 ppb (S/N = 3). In addition, maximum...

Visual perception is heavily influenced by top-down factors, including goals, expectations, and prior knowledge about the environmental context. Recent research has demonstrated beneficial role threat-related cues play in perceptual decision making; however, psychological processes contributing to this differential effect remain unclear. Since visual imagery helps create representations or templates based on (e.g., cues), present study examines vividness of plays enhanced making following...

Understanding psychopathological mechanisms is a central goal in clinical science. While existing theories have demonstrated high research and utility, they provided limited quantitative explanations of mechanisms. Previous computational modeling studies primarily focused on isolated factors, posing challenges for advancing holistically. To address this gap leverage the strengths synergetic manner, it crucial to develop models that integrate major factors proposed by comprehensive...

The last 25 years of research have revealed that recalling the past with others changes memory. A key finding is former group members show increased memory overlap or collective Beyond content, we ask whether collaborative recall organization How organize information has far-reaching consequences on learning and remembering, produced sophisticated theories measures when people alone. However, remains sparse how social influences shape organization. Furthermore, studies document local only...

Following considerable research into quality-of-service-aware application programming interface design and QoS specification language development for multimedia systems, we present a survey taxonomy of existing languages. As computer communication technology evolves, distributed applications are becoming ubiquitous, quality service (QoS) is ever more integral to those applications. Because they consume so many resources (such as memory bandwidth), need resource management at different layers...

Emotion ensemble judgement refers to the cognitive process by which individuals extract general emotional tone of a busy visual scene. This study investigated whether emotion can be changed through training. Two groups participants underwent interpretation and attention training towards positivity, respectively, while third group served as control (total n = 102). All three participated in an ensemble-rating task where they rated overall set facial expressions times (pre-training,...

Abstract Temperature sensing based on fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals has recently received immense attention. Enhancing the trap‐facilitated thermal quenching of fluorescence should be an effective approach to achieve high sensitivity for temperature sensing. Compared with conventional nanocrystals, defect‐tolerant feature lead halide perovskite (LHP NCs) endows them density defects. Here, hollow mesoporous silica ( h ‐SiO 2 ) template‐assisted ligand‐free synthesis and halogen...

Cysteine (Cys) enantiomorphs, important small-molecule biothiols, participate in various antioxidative, flavoring, and poison-removing processes the food industry. Current cysteine enantiomorph analysis methods require effective strategies for distinguishing them due to their similar structures reactivity. Herein, we present a metal ion-assisted enantiomorph-selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor based on an amphiphilic polymer matrix (APM), which can promote (L/D-Cys)...

The novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic is associated with elevated rates of anxiety and relatively lower compliance public health guidelines in younger adults. To develop strategies for reducing increasing adherence guidelines, it important to understand the factors that contribute context COVID-19. Earlier research has shown greater perceived risk negative events their costs are increased behaviors, but unclear what role they play a surrounded by uncertainty. In present study we measured...

Anxiety is defined as an anticipatory response to uncertain, future threats. It unknown how information regarding uncertainty about upcoming threatening and neutral stimuli impacts attention perception in anxiety. Individuals with without anxiety disorders performed two perceptual decision-making tasks which they used threat or prestimulus cues discriminate between subsequent faces. In one task, provided no probability (high uncertainty). the other, indicated a high of encountering faces...

In this study, CsPbBr3@SiO2 perovskite nanocrystal composites (CsPbBr3@SiO2 PNCCs) were synthesized by a benzyl bromide nucleophilic substitution strategy. Homogeneous halide exchange between PNCCs and Cl− solution (aqueous phase) was applied to the determination of in sea sand samples. Fast with aqueous phase without any magnetic stirring or pH regulation resulted blue shift photoluminescence (PL) wavelength vivid PL color changes from green blue. The results show that sensing samples could...

Most theories of psychopathology have focused on etiology at a specific level (e.g., genetic, neurobiological, psychological, or environmental) to explain symptoms disorders. A few biopsychosocial provided explanations that attempt integrate different levels and disorders some extent. However, these lack framework in which analysis are integrated thus do not the mechanism by etiological factors interact perturb neurobiology turn leads psychopathology. We propose predictive processing (PP),...

Threat biases are considered key factors in the development and maintenance of anxiety. However, these poorly operationalized remain unquantified. Furthermore, it is unclear whether how prior knowledge threat its uncertainty induce they manifest