A5081523266- Various Chemistry Research Topics
- History and advancements in chemistry
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Chemical Reaction Mechanisms
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- Chemical Reactions and Mechanisms
- Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
- Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
- Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
- Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
- Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies
- Enzyme Structure and Function
University of Bath
2015-2025
College of Marin
2023
University of South Florida St. Petersburg
2023
University of Southampton
2021
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2005-2019
Victoria University of Wellington
2019
ECW Press (Canada)
2019
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
2015-2018
University of British Columbia
1977-2017
Hyattsville Community Development Corporation
2017
In the 10 months since first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in United States on January 20, 2020 (1), approximately 13.8 million cases and 272,525 deaths have been States. On October 30, number new a single day exceeded 100,000 for time, by December 2 had reached daily high 196,227.* With colder weather, more time spent indoors, ongoing U.S. holiday season, silent spread disease, with 50% transmission from asymptomatic persons (2), has entered phase...
The aims of the present study were (a) to maintain structure and function small intestine piglet after weaning, (b) compare capacity in vivo sucking weaned piglets digest oral boluses lactose sucrose absorb their monosaccharide products. Piglets fed on cows' whole milk ad libitum every 2 h for 5 d weaning. Physiological doses plus fructose (treatment LAC + FRU) galactose SUC GAL) administered day 27 lactation fifth which time killed. Villus height crypt depth maintained (P > 0·05) by...
Abstract The hypothesis tested in this experiment was that the structure and function of small intestine piglets given a milk liquid diet after weaning depends on their level energy intake. At (28 days), 42 were allocated to one five treatments: (1) control group killed at weaning; (2) offered dry starter ad libitum ; (3) cow's fresh maintenance intake (Ma); (4) 2-5 Ma; (5) . On 5th day all samples gut taken for histological biochemical examination. Piglets grew faster (P < 0·001) than...
This large outbreak of foodborne salmonellosis demonstrated the complexity investigating outbreaks linked to poultry products. The also highlighted importance efforts strengthen food safety policies related Salmonella in chicken parts and has implications for future changes within industry.To investigate a multistate multidrug resistant Heidelberg infections.Epidemiologic laboratory investigations patients infected with strains traceback possible exposures.United States. Outbreak period was...
Herein, we report the ruthenium-catalyzed ortho C–H alkenylation of a wide range N-aryloxazolidinone scaffolds. Alkenylation was achieved with complete monoselectivity scope 27 examples in 2-MeTHF. Yields ranged from 23 to 94%, producing highly decorated oxazolidinone A kinetically relevant cleavage also observed kinetic isotope effect (KIE) ∼2. Density functional theory calculations provided information about mechanism, detailing β-hydride elimination as most energetically challenging step...
Abstract Background Produce-associated outbreaks of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) were first identified in 1991. In April 2018, New Jersey and Pennsylvania officials reported a cluster STEC O157 infections associated with multiple locations restaurant chain. The Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) queried PulseNet, the national laboratory network foodborne disease surveillance, additional cases began investigation. Methods A case was defined as an infection between...
We collected data during postexposure antimicrobial prophylaxis campaigns and from a program evaluation 60 days after start of involving persons six U.S. sites where Bacillus anthracis exposures occurred. Adverse events associated with to prevent anthrax were commonly reported, but hospitalizations serious adverse as defined by Food Drug Administration criteria rare. Overall adherence was poor (44%), ranging 21% exposed in the Morgan postal facility New York City 64% at Brentwood Washington,...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical modelling of specific solvation effects upon carbonyl additionIan H. WilliamsCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 21, 6299–6307Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00255a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00255a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views380Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical models for solvation and catalysis in carbonyl additionIan H. Williams, Dale Spangler, Douglas A. Femec, Gerald M. Maggiora, Richard L. SchowenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 1, 31–40Publication Date (Print):January 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00339a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00339a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse...
We used molecular epidemiologic techniques to document patient-to-patient transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) between 2 outpatient oral surgery patients operated on 161 min apart. Serological testing 25 (93%) 27 after the source patient revealed that 19 (76%) were previously immune HBV; no additional cases identified. found deficiencies in infection control practices. Transmission may have been limited by high prevalence (64%) vaccinated against HBV. To our knowledge, this is first...
ABSTRACT The level of body reserves in first-litter sows was manipulated by giving gilts one three levels (high (H), medium (M) or low (L)) food from selection (44 kg live weight) to parturition. aim this experiment either maintain mobilize these during lactation (31·4 days) feeding appetite (H)) 2·0 kg/day (low (L)). When the increased prior farrowing (171 weight, 32 mm backfat) had a lower voluntary intake than those animals that farrowed with (126 20 (H-H v. L-H, 3·4 4·9 kg/day; P <...
Background Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is the causal agent for more than 96,000 cases of diarrheal illness and 3,200 infection-attributable hospitalizations annually in United States. Materials Methods We defined a confirmed case as compatible person with outbreak strain during 10/07/2011-11/30/2011. Investigation included hypothesis generation, case-control study utilizing geographically-matched controls, series investigation. Environmental inspections tracebacks...
In November 2009, we initiated a multistate investigation of Salmonella Montevideo infections with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern JIXX01.0011. We identified 272 cases in 44 states illness onset dates ranging from 1 July 2009 to 14 April 2010. To help generate hypotheses, warehouse store membership card information was collected identify products consumed by cases. These records 19 ill persons who purchased company A salami before illness. case-control study conducted. Ready-to-eat...
Campylobacter causes an estimated 1.3 million diarrheal illnesses in the United States annually (1). In August 2017, Florida Department of Health notified CDC six jejuni infections linked to company A, a national pet store chain based Ohio. examined whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data and identified isolates from A puppies that were highly related isolate customer This information prompted multistate investigation by local state health agriculture departments identify outbreak source prevent...
SUMMARY The 2013 multistate outbreaks contributed to the largest annual number of reported US cases cyclosporiasis since 1997. In this paper we focus on investigations in Texas. We defined an outbreak-associated case as laboratory-confirmed a person with illness onset between 1 June and 31 August 2013, no history international travel previous 14 days. Epidemiological, environmental, traceback were conducted. Of 631 outbreaks, Texas greatest cases, 270 (43%). More than 70 clusters identified...
Abstract This Glossary contains definitions, explanatory notes, and sources for terms used in physical organic chemistry. Its aim is to provide guidance on the terminology of chemistry, with a view achieving consensus meaning applicability useful abandonment unsatisfactory ones. Owing substantial progress field, this 2021 revision much expanded relative previous edition, it includes from cognate fields.
Realistic simulations of chemical reactions require the use not only methods capable describing accurately energy molecules undergoing bonding changes within a particular environment, but also exploring topographical features significance on hypersurfaces spanning perhaps several thousand degrees freedom. Hybrid quantum-mechanical/molecular-mechanical techniques show much promise for first task, existing computer codes are inadequate second. Application these to real problems demands new...
ABSTRACT A factorial experiment was conducted with 80 first-litter sows and involved two levels of feeding during lactation ( ad libitum or 2·0 kg/day), between weaning mating (4·0 1·5 kg/day). Average length 32·2 days. Sows given kg/day lost more backfat (6·3 v. 0·9 mm; P < 0·05) live weight (36·8 9·1 kg; than fed whose average daily food intake 4·47 kg. receiving 20 took longer to return oestrus after weaning. Within 8 days ovulated (0·90 0·40; x 2 = 20·0; 0·001) exhibited (0·78 0·38;...
A factorial experiment involving high (53·1 to 59·5 MJ) and low (25·4 27·1 daily intakes of digestible energy, (550 745 g) (302 318 crude protein during lactation, was conducted with 68 first-litter sows. Average lactation length 32 days, average backfat changes were +0·3, −1·4, −7·2 −5·4 mm for the energy/high protein, energy/low combinations, respectively. The corresponding mean live-weight losses 3·9, 32·5, 29·8 35·8 kg. Within 8 days weaning, more sows receiving both energy exhibited...
The genetic relatedness of hepatitis A virus (HAV) isolates was determined to identify possible infection sources for case patients in the Sentinel Counties Study Acute Viral Hepatitis.A 315-nucleotide segment VP1-P2 region HAV genome amplified and sequenced from serum analyzed together with risk-factor data.Of 508 HAV-RNA-positive patients, 449 (88.4%) were interviewed, 255 (50.1%) reported >/=1 risk factor. Some 123 unique nucleotide sequence patterns (UNSPs) identified--77 (62.6%) only 1...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical models for mechanism and catalysis in carbonyl additionIan H. Williams, Gerald M. Maggiora, Richard L. SchowenCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 27, 7831–7839Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00547a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00547a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...