Selective oxidation of alcohols to their corresponding aldehyde or carboxylic acid is one the most important classes organic synthesis reactions. In addition, electrochemical alcohol considered a viable anode reaction that can be paired with H2 evolution other reductive fuel production reactions in and photoelectrochemical cells. NiOOH, material has been extensively studied as an oxygen catalyst, among promising electrocatalysts for selective oxidation. Electrochemical by NiOOH understood...

Abstract Many biomass intermediates are polyols and selectively oxidizing only a primary or secondary alcohol group is beneficial for the valorization of these intermediates. For example, production 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, highly valuable oxidation product glycerol, requires selective oxidation. However, challenging due to its steric disadvantage. This study demonstrates that NiOOH, which oxidizes alcohols via two dehydrogenation mechanisms, hydrogen atom transfer hydride transfer, can convert...

(Photo)electrochemical cells that produce fuels have often relied on water oxidation to complete the redox cycle. Here, authors discuss alcohol as an alternative reaction and consider general mechanistic features of electrocatalysts.

Ever increasing energy demands and concerns about the environment necessitate discovery of methods for producing fuels chemicals from renewable resources in an environmentally benign manner. Electrochemical biomass conversion is particularly promising due to abundance advantages electrochemistry, including use electricity drive chemical reactions without consumption additional reductants oxidants. Biomass intermediates are chemically complex contain multiple functional groups, requiring...

Selective oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids is broad importance for applications in organic synthesis. These reactions can be performed at the anode electrochemical photoelectrochemical cells that produce fuels cathode (e.g., water reduction form H2), allowing production valuable products both electrodes. NiOOH among most promising electrocatalysts selectively converting acids. Recent work has revealed alcohol aldehyde occur through two different...

A great deal of attention has been directed toward studying the electrochemical oxidation 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a molecule that can be obtained from biomass-derived cellulose and hemicellulose, to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), replace petroleum-derived terephthalic in production widely used polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate. NiOOH is one best most well studied electrocatalysts for achieving this transformation; however, mechanism by which it does so still poorly...

Hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis are two important reactions for electrochemical reductive valorization of biomass-derived oxygenates such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In general, (which combines hydrogenation deoxygenation) is more challenging than does not involve the cleavage carbon-oxygen bonds). Thus, identifying factors conditions that can promote great interest oxygenates. For reduction HMF its derivatives, it known aldehyde a part but rather competing reaction; however, no...

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass, is an important platform molecule that used to produce valuable biofuels and polymeric materials. Electrochemical reduction of HMF great interest as it uses water the hydrogen source achieves desired reactions at room temperature ambient pressure. Hydrogenation hydrogenolysis are two for reductive conversion. Therefore, elucidating key characteristics electrocatalysts govern selectivity hydrogenation critical...

Nitriles are highly important synthetic intermediates with applications in a wide variety of organic reactions including production pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and agricultural chemicals. Thus, developing effective green routes to oxidize amines nitriles is great interest. One promising method achieve the oxidation primary through electrochemical on NiOOH electrodes. This reaction has long been thought occur an indirect mechanism consisting series potential independent hydrogen atom...

Electric plasma activation of methane opens up the possibility to produce ethene, an important platform chemical in industry, by using sustainable resources like biogas or hydrogenated carbon dioxide and electricity from renewable energies. The ethene stream such pyrolysis plants contains, however, much higher concentrations acetylene (≥ 15 vol.%) compared conventional steam cracking naphtha (< 2 vol.%). In this study, silver‐palladium catalysts various compositions supported on alumina...

Catalytic performance of zinc silicates in the direct dehydrogenation methanol to formaldehyde largely depends on present phase types.

Recent studies investigating the electrocatalytic properties of nitroxyl radicals (e.g. 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)) for electrochemical alcohol oxidation have demonstrated that thermodynamic equilibrium potential and steric environments unique to each radical significant implications their abilities oxidation. However, as catalytic cycle involves not only production use oxoammonium cation but also regeneration from hydroxylamine, mechanism rate critically affect overall...

Today acoustic microscopy transducers are based on zinc oxide, ZnO, films as piezoelectric material. Especially in the GHz range insertion loss of existing ZnO has to be improved for better imaging. The motivation this work was substitute by material lead zirconate titanate, PZT, with electro mechanical properties. Novel technologies sol-gel and metal organic chemical vapor deposition method (MOCVD) were used realize high frequency PZT thin film 200 ¿m aperture diameter. characterized...

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs) are promising materials for solar energy conversion and photodetectors. Fullerenes their derivatives, being widely employed as electron acceptors in s-SWCNT photovoltaic devices, effectively dissociate excitons by forming heterojunctions with favorable energetic offsets. However, limited tunability poor co-processability s-SWCNTs blends have been major obstacles further improving the device performance. Here, we investigate exciton...

The conversion mechanisms of CO2 and H2 in methanol to dimethoxymethane catalyzed jointly by metallic [P3Co-H]+ catalyst acidic HNTf2 cocatalyst a domino sequence were investigated at the M06L-SCRF level density functional theory. whole has steps Co-catalyzed hydrogenation (CO2 + = HCOOH; HCOOCH3 CH3OCH2OH) acid-catalyzed esterification (HCOOH CH3OH H2O; CH3OCH2OH CH3OCH2OCH3 H2O) reactions. full Gibbs free energy profiles show that bidentate formate complex κ2-[P3Co-OCHO]+ is resting state...

The dynamic welding behavior at make operation is one important characteristic of electrical contacts and a key parameter to ensure secure usage electricity. Model switch device tests have been performed work out the main factors influencing contact sticking. different silver metal oxides (Ag/CdO, Ag/SnO2, Ag/ZnO), including various groups additives like low melting boiling (Bi2O3), high (CuO, WO3), combinations thereof were studied under loads. Several working mechanisms - that...

Oxygenate fuels are a promising solution to urban air pollution, reducing soot emissions by big margins. Formaldehyde is major building block for the synthesis of oxygen-rich fuels. Herein we report synthesis, characterisation and testing ruthenium on alumina catalysts methanol-mediated CO hydrogenation towards oxygenates with formaldehyde oxidation state. We varied parameters could see interesting correlation between parameters, final metal loading, crystallite sizes catalyst activity. The...

Lead titanate, lead zirconate, and zirconate titanate (PZT) films in the sub-μm-range were produced at temperatures around 400 °C using novel single-source precursors a classical thermal CVD process. The design of two bimetallic alkoxide compounds, source with almost identical physical properties complement miscibility, resulted new quasi-single-source PZT precursor, an azeotropic mixture that evaporates 30 pressure 4 × 10(-1) mbar. After treatment 650 °C, transparent (100)-oriented remnant...

Abstract Sterische Hinderung stellt ein komplexes chemisches Konzept dar, das bei vielen organisch‐chemischen Reaktionen eine zentrale Rolle spielt und immer mitberücksichtigt werden muss. Experimentell ist diese zwar nicht unmittelbar beobachtbar, einigen Reaktionstypen aufgrund des Einflusses auf die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit aber immerhin mittelbar anhand gezielter Fallvergleiche, sogenannter Contrasting Cases . Um den Einfluss, sterische einen Reaktionsverlauf hat, genauer untersuchen zu...

The impact on the morphology nanoceramic materials generated from group 4 metal alkoxides ([M(OR)4]) and same precursors modified by 6,6'-(((2-hydroxyethyl)azanediyl)bis(methylene))bis(2,4-di- tert-butylphenol) (referred to as H3-AM-DBP2 (1)) was explored. products isolated 1:1 stoichiometric reaction of a series [M(OR)4] where M = Ti, Zr, or Hf; OR OCH(CH3)2(OPr i); OC(CH3)3(OBu t); OCH2C(CH3)3(ONep) with proved, single crystal X-ray diffraction, be [(ONep)Ti( k4( O,O',O'',N)-AM-DBP2)] (2),...

Abstract The Deacon reaction is an important industrial process for the oxidation of hydrogen chloride, thereby enabling chlorine to be recycled. As gold efficient catalyst reactions involving chloride and oxygen, we have studied use as a potential reaction. Unfortunately, displays only limited activity; however, this markedly increased if cofed reactant. Graphic

Herein we report the one-pot cobalt catalysed synthesis of dimethylacetal acetaldehyde from gas and methanol.