Abstract Being alone is a basic and prevalent human experience, yet little known about its effects on social identity. When alone, identity may weaken because individuals feel their groups are less valuable or salient. Conversely, it strengthen craving for bonding increases in‐group perceived value. We tested these ideas with five experiments ( N = 1312). Study 1, using existing groups, 2, minimal showed that aloneness (vs. being others) reduced through effect esteem. In 3, this was...

Abstract This article explores the status of impression management ( IM ) scales (“lie scales,” notably, BIDR‐IM as measures response bias, offers theory‐driven substantive meaning to them, and compares them with self‐deception enhancement SDE ). Study 1 N = 99) compared self‐descriptions actual self ideal given in a non‐anonymous setting. High similarity indicates self‐enhancement. 2 (70 dyads) analyzed self‐other agreement about . Agreement basis scales' scores. 3 182) explored centrality...

Self-control is a highly adaptive human capacity. Accordingly, development of self-control widely encouraged. Whereas the benefits having are well documented, little known about impact wanting self-control. The present investigation fills this void by exploring effect desire for on ability to exert It was expected that in context demanding challenges, will highlight discrepancy between one's goals and perceived performance potential, leading reduced efficacy beliefs task disengagement. Four...

The present research tested competing approaches to individual differences in impression management (as measured with social desirability scales) and their implication for behavior contexts. A defensiveness approach argues that is a source of defensive self-presentation, which causes performance impairment public settings. adjustment measures friendliness self-control, should bring about facilitation To decide between these approaches, two experiments utilized paradigm, whereby task was...

Self–control is a powerful tool that promotes goal pursuit by helping individuals curb personal desires, follow norms, and adopt rational thinking. In interdependent social contexts, the socially acceptable (i.e. normative) approach to secure long–term goals prosocial behaviour. Consistent with that, much research associates self–control prosociality. The present demonstrates when norm salience reduced relations are no longer interdependent), high leads more selfish behaviour it economically...

The present study explores the role of personality in moderating effect public social context on self-control. authors predicted that settings neuroticism would be associated with ego-depletion effects and individual differences impression management (IM) restoration effects. Three experiments supported hypothesis. In Study 1 was impaired self-control IM enhanced following an initial phase working a simple task (vs. private). 2 replicated extended these results to other domains 3 explored...

Two online studies (Total N = 331) tested the hypothesis that individual differences in self-control and responses to uncertainty would predict adherence Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC, 2020a) guidelines, reported stockpiling, intentions engage hedonic behavior response COVID-19 pandemic. Trait (b 0.27, p .015), desire (Study 1: b 0.28, .001; Study 2: .005), cognitive 0.73, < .001) predicted more CDC adherence. State −0.15, .012; −0.26, less whereas emotional 0.56, 0.61,...

Abstract Stable social relationships are conducive to well-being. However, similar effects not reported consistently for daily interactions in affecting episodic (experiential) subjective well-being (ESWB). The present investigation suggests that the choice of being a context plays an important moderating role, such increase ESWB only if taken place by one's choice. Moreover, it is argued matters more than alone because experiences with others amplified. These ideas were tested and supported...

Abstract Objective This research presents evidence for an egocentric shift occurring among individuals high in Neuroticism by the mere thought—and actual state—of being alone. Method Four experiments and one experience sampling study ( N = 719). In experiments, was measured, participants were randomly primed to adopt either alone or a “with others” social context mind‐set. The measured different expressions of egocentrism. Study 1 perspective‐taking, 2a focused on value orientation, 2b money...

Self-control is a central human capacity associated with wide range of personal and societal advantages. In view its benefits, increasing self-control among children adults has been advocated as remedy to many society’s illnesses. This approach evident in the popular media, well educating governing agencies, subsequently taken root general public. The present article advocates broader by noting some downsides pursuit high self-control. It does so highlighting often-ignored issues relating...

According to faking models, personality variables and are related. Most prominently, people’s tendency try make an appropriate impression (impression management; IM) their adjust the they (self-monitoring; SM) have been suggested be associated with faking. Nevertheless, empirical findings connecting these contradictory, partly because different studies given individuals tests fake directions (to low vs. high scores). Importantly, whereas past research has focused on by examining test scores,...

Impression management (IM) scales (often called lie or social desirability scales) have long been applied as validity in assessment processes. Recent developments indicated that these measure a substantive personality predisposition and not response bias, but the nature of disposition is disputable. According to ‘interpersonally oriented self-control’ approach, IM associated with high self-control exerted mainly public contexts facilitate adaptation. Supported laboratory settings, this...

This study explored how a mind-set associated with being alone affects self-regulation among individuals varying in neuroticism. Neuroticism is dualistic approach to the social world—evaluation apprehension alongside need for approval. Consequently, public contexts, neuroticism leads experience low pleasantness high motivation. The impact of on behavior rarely studied. However, absence motivator (i.e., potential approval) should bring be Three studies supported these predictions using an...

In a resource-constrained reality, physicians are facing polar demands-those of healthcare managements to adopt cost-conscious behaviors and those ethical standards that obligate consider only their patients' best interests. our study, we aimed determine the attitudes, practices, knowledge costs among Israeli physicians.A questionnaire was developed mailed representative sample in Israel. The overall response rate 51 percent. study reviewed self-reported levels cost consciousness practice,...

Abstract. This article explores people’s perception of their experience while being alone or with others. To that aim, data from nine studies (total N = 1,717) were meta-analyzed. In each study, participants performed a sentence-completion task referring to alone/“with others”. The responses analyzed using text analysis software. Results showed in “with others” (vs. alone) mindset, people are more focused on the present, and less past future. When others,” anxiety but sadness is expressed....

This research reports two studies testing whether implementation intentions can improve performance for people high in Desire Self-Control (DSC). DSC reflects a wish to have more self-control and was previously found be associated with impaired performance. We hypothesized that could reverse the effect by providing clear guidance on how handle challenges. Two experiments ( N s = 175, 302) tested this hypothesis using different tasks manipulated measured DSC. Results from both showed...

The research examines how personality characteristics and gender influence adjustment to a foreign culture among workers participating in one of two international assignment types: expatriation frequent business trips. presents first evidence relationships between travelers, joins previous findings expatriates, enables comparison the types. contributes new on differences sexes global employment: men adjust better than women types, four dimensions examined.The contrary our hypothesis, examined.