A5071056198- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Combustion and Detonation Processes
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Energetic Materials and Combustion
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Laser Design and Applications
- Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Fluid Dynamics and Thin Films
- Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Process Optimization and Integration
- Electromagnetic Launch and Propulsion Technology
- Engineering and Material Science Research
- Solidification and crystal growth phenomena
- Radiation Shielding Materials Analysis
University of Delaware
2022-2024
Plasma Technology (United States)
2018-2022
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2018-2022
Fusion Academy
2018-2022
Fusion (United States)
2022
University of Rochester
1981-2020
Energetics (United States)
2014-2020
University of Michigan
2017-2018
Applied Energetics (United States)
2018
Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications
2017
Alpha particles would need to provide 50 kJ of heating achieve a burning plasma regime - where more energy is released by the fusion reactions than absorbed fuel at National Ignition Facility.
A record fuel hot-spot pressure ${P}_{\mathrm{hs}}=56\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Gbar}$ was inferred from x-ray and nuclear diagnostics for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion cryogenic, layered deuterium--tritium implosions on the 60-beam, 30-kJ, 351-nm OMEGA Laser System. When hydrodynamically scaled to energy of National Ignition Facility, these achieved a Lawson parameter $\ensuremath{\sim}60%$ value required ignition [A. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. E 94,...
The theory of ignition for inertial confinement fusion capsules [R. Betti et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 058102 (2010)] is used to assess the performance requirements cryogenic implosion experiments on Omega Laser Facility. hydrodynamic similarity developed in both one and two dimensions tested using multimode simulations with hydrocode DRACO [P. B. Radha 12, 032702 (2005)] hydro-equivalent implosions (implosions same velocity, adiabat, laser intensity). scale direct-drive OMEGA National Ignition...
It is shown that inertial confinement fusion targets designed with low implosion velocities can be shock-ignited using laser-plasma interaction generated hot electrons (hot-$e$'s) to obtain high energy gains. These designs are robust multimode asymmetries and predicted ignite even for significantly distorted implosions. Electron shock ignition requires tens of kilojoules hot-$e$'s which produced only at a large laser facility like the National Ignition Facility, laser-to-hot-$e$ conversion...
The study of Rayleigh–Taylor instability in the deceleration phase inertial confinement fusion implosions is carried out using three-dimensional (3-D) radiation-hydrodynamic Eulerian parallel code DEC3D. We show that yield-over-clean a strong function residual kinetic energy (RKE) for low modes. Our analytical models indicate behavior larger hot-spot volumes observed modes and consequential pressure degradation can be explained terms increasing RKE. These results are derived simple adiabatic...
The effect of asymmetries on the performance inertial confinement fusion implosions is investigated. A theoretical model derived for compression distorted hot spots, and quantitative estimates are obtained using hydrodynamic simulations. divided into low (ℓ<6) intermediate (6<ℓ<40) modes by comparison mode wavelength with hot-spot radius thermal-diffusion scale length. Long-wavelength introduce substantial nonradial motion, whereas intermediate-wavelength involve more...
It is shown that direct-drive implosions on the OMEGA laser have achieved core conditions would lead to significant alpha heating at incident energies available National Ignition Facility (NIF) scale. The extrapolation of experimental results from NIF energy assumes only implosion hydrodynamic efficiency unchanged higher energies. This approach independent uncertainties in physical mechanism degrade OMEGA, and relies solely a volumetric scaling experimentally observed conditions. estimated...
A comprehensive model is developed to study alpha-heating in inertially confined plasmas. It describes the time evolution of a central low-density hot spot by compressible shell, heated fusion alphas, and cooled radiation thermal losses. The includes deceleration, stagnation, burn phases inertial confinement implosions, valid for sub-ignited targets with ≤10× amplification yield from alpha-heating. results radiation-hydrodynamic simulations are used derive realistic initial conditions...
Three-dimensional (3-D) implosion asymmetries lead to significant variations in ion-temperature measurements inertial confinement fusion experiments. We present an analytical method generalize the physical properties of velocity variance Brysk model. This analysis provides a consistent explanation for 3-D effects inferred various single modes and multimodes modeled by deceleration-phase hydrocode DEC3D neutron transport code IRIS3D. The effect hot-spot flow asymmetry on is shown be uniquely...
The scaling of the deceleration phase inertial fusion direct-drive implosions is investigated for OMEGA and National Ignition Facility (NIF)-size targets. It shown that deceleration-phase Rayleigh–Taylor instability (RTI) does not scale hydro-equivalently with implosion size. This because ablative stabilization resulting from thermal conduction radiation transport in a spherically converging geometry different on two scales. As consequence, NIF-scale show lower hot-spot density mass ablation...
Experiments were performed with CH, Be, C, and SiO2 ablators interacting high-intensity UV laser radiation (5 × 1015 W/cm2, λ = 351 nm) to determine the optimum material for hot-electron production strong-shock generation. Significantly more hot electrons are produced in CH (up ∼13% instantaneous conversion efficiency), while amount is a factor of ∼2 3 lower other ablators. A larger fraction correlated higher effective ablation pressure. The efficiency attributed stronger damping...
This paper describes a technique for identifying trends in performance degradation inertial confinement fusion implosion experiments. It is based on reconstruction of the core with combination low- and mid-mode asymmetries. was applied to an ensemble hydro-equivalent deuterium–tritium implosions OMEGA which achieved inferred hot-spot pressures ≈56 ± 7 Gbar [Regan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 025001 (2016)]. All experimental observables pertaining could be reconstructed simultaneously same...
Experiments on strong shock excitation in spherical plastic targets conducted at the Omega Laser Facility are interpreted with radiation–hydrodynamics code CHIC to account for parametric instabilities and hot-electron generation. The effects of hot electrons shock-pressure amplification upstream preheat analyzed. It is demonstrated that both contribute an increase velocity. Comparison measured laser reflectivity flash time numerical simulations makes it possible reconstitute history ablation...
Fuel-ion species dynamics in hydrodynamiclike shock-driven DT^{3}He-filled inertial confinement fusion implosion is quantitatively assessed for the first time using simultaneously measured D^{3}He and DT reaction histories. These histories are with particle x-ray temporal diagnostic, which captures relative timing between different nuclear burns unprecedented precision (∼10 ps). The observed 50±10 ps earlier history (relative to DT) cannot be explained by average-ion hydrodynamic simulations...
This Letter presents the first observation on how a strong, 500 kG, externally applied B field increases mode-two asymmetry in shock-heated inertial fusion implosions. Using direct-drive implosion with polar illumination and imposed field, we observed that magnetization produces significant increase oblateness (a 2.5× larger P2 amplitude x-ray self-emission images) compared reference experiments identical drive but no applied. The implosions produce strongly magnetized electrons...
A detailed and comprehensive 1-dimensional theory of alpha-heating metrics is developed to determine the onset burning plasma regimes in inertial fusion implosions. The analysis uses an analytic model deceleration, stagnation, burn phases confinement implosions combined with results from a database radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. burning-plasma regime occurs when rate hot spot exceeds compression power input represented by parameter Qα=1/2 α energy/PdV work. second also identified, where...
A series of thin glass-shell shock-driven DT gas-filled capsule implosions was conducted at the OMEGA laser facility. These experiments generate conditions relevant to central plasma during shock-convergence phase ablatively driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions. The spectral temperatures inferred from DTn and DDn spectra are most consistent with a two-ion-temperature plasma, where initial apparent temperature ratio, TTTD, is 1.5. This an experimental confirmation long-standing...
This work reports that Biermann self-generated magnetic fields of ≈200 MG and Hall parameters ≈1.5 are produced in the stagnation phase direct-drive cryogenic implosions at Omega. The produce a drop 2.4% fusion yield 1% ion temperature. A quantitative estimate effect on temperature is essential, since direct measurements these not available. Reconstructed simulations 50 Gbar implosions, with all reproduced simultaneously by combination mid- low-mode asymmetries as degradation mechanisms...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfluence of heat and mass transfer resistances on the separation efficiency in molecular distillationsArijit Bose Harvey J. PalmerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1984, 23, 4, 459–465Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i100016a014https://doi.org/10.1021/i100016a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...
The goal of the National Direct-Drive Program is to demonstrate and understand physics laser direct drive (LDD). Efforts are underway on OMEGA for 100-Gbar Campaign hot-spot conditions formation relevant ignition at 1-MJ scale, Ignition Facility develop an understanding direct-drive long scale lengths MJ Campaign. strategy described; requirements deuterium-tritium cryogenic fill-tube target being developed presented; preliminary LDD implosion measurements hydrodynamic mixing seeded by...
The National Direct-Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Program consists of the 100 Gbar Campaign on 30 kJ, 351 nm, 60-beam OMEGA Laser System and megajoule direct-drive (MJDD) 1.8 MJ, 192-beam Ignition Facility (NIF). main goals are to demonstrate understand physics for hot-spot conditions formation relevant ignition at MJ scale, while MJDD seeks laser plasma interactions, energy coupling, imprint ignition-scale coronal plasmas. An overview multiyear, systematic effort that is underway...
A target design for mitigating the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is proposed use in high energy density and direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments. In this scheme, a thin gold membrane offset from main by several-hundred microns. strong picket on drive beams incident upon to produce x rays which generate initial shock through target. The follows shortly thereafter, passing ablated shell directly driving efficacy of scheme demonstrated experiments performed at OMEGA EP facility,...
The nuclear burn history provides critical information about the dynamics of hot-spot formation and high-density fuel-shell assembly an Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) implosion, as well on impact alpha heating, a multitude implosion failure mechanisms. Having this is for assessing energy-confinement time τE performance implosion. As confinement ICF few tens picoseconds, less than 10-ps resolution required accurate measurement history. In study, we propose novel 1-ps time-resolution...