Background and Purpose— Arterial bifurcation apices are common sites for cerebral aneurysms, raising the possibility that unique hemodynamic conditions associated with flow dividers predispose apical vessel wall to aneurysm formation. This study sought identify specific insults lead maladaptive vascular remodeling development early events at tissue cellular levels. Methods— We surgically created new branch points in carotid vasculature of 6 female adult dogs. In vivo angiographic imaging...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with structural and mechanical changes in the pulmonary vascular bed that increase right ventricular (RV) afterload. These changes, characterized by narrowing stiffening, occur both proximal distal arteries (PAs). An important consequence of arterial increased resistance (PVR). Arterial which can arteries, an index disease progression a significant contributor to RV afterload PH. In particular, stiffening increasing steady oscillatory work,...

Although elevated hemodynamics has been speculated to play a key role in intracranial aneurysm (IA) initiation, little is known about the specific hemodynamic microenvironment that triggers aneurysmal vascular degradation. We previously demonstrated maladaptive remodeling characteristic of IA initiation occurring regions combined high wall shear stress (WSS) and WSS gradient near apex an experimentally created carotid bifurcation. This study examines whether this recapitulates molecular...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results in right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and failure. Paradoxically, women are more frequently diagnosed with PAH but have better RV systolic function survival rates than men. The mechanisms by which sex differences alter outcomes remain unknown. Here, we sought to study the role of estrogen functional remodeling response PAH. SU5416-hypoxia (SuHx) mouse model was used. To estrogen, female mice were ovariectomized then treated or placebo. SuHx...

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) causes extralobar artery (PA) stiffening, which potentially impairs right ventricular systolic function. Changes in the extracellular matrix proteins collagen and elastin have been suggested to contribute this arterial stiffening. We hypothesized that vascular accumulation is a major cause of PA stiffening HPH tested our hypothesis with transgenic mice synthesize type I resistant collagenase degradation (Col1a1(R/R)). These littermate controls normal...

Conduit pulmonary artery (PA) stiffening is characteristic of arterial hypertension (PAH) and an excellent predictor mortality due to right ventricular (RV) overload. To better understand the impact conduit PA on RV afterload, it critical examine viscoelastic properties, which require measurements elasticity (energy storage behavior) viscosity dissipation behavior). Here we hypothesize that PAH leads frequency-dependent changes in stiffness (related elasticity) damping ratio viscosity) large...

Recent research into skin injury and wound healing has focused mainly on post-trauma hemostasis, infection prevention, dermal regeneration angiogenesis. However, less attention been paid to air permeability moisture loss prevention which also play important roles in healing.In the present work, we prepared a hyaluronic acid-poloxamer (HA-POL) hydrogel tested therapeutic effect of skin-wound healing.The HA-POL transformed from sol gel at 30°C, close body temperature, had stable moisturizing...

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by follicular development failure or dysplasia, therefore causing the lack of normal function before 40 years age. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) a metabolite high choline diet rich in red meat and directly associated with gut microbiota. Correlation TMAO level female fertility decline has been shown; however, its mechanism largely unknown. To unveil which affects reproductive function, we established TMAO-treated mouse model exhibited...

OBJECTIVE Cerebral aneurysms are preferentially located at arterial bifurcation apices with complex hemodynamics. To understand disease mechanisms associated aneurysm initiation, we attempted to establish a causal relationship between local hemodynamics and vascular responses. METHODS Arterial bifurcations were surgically created from native common carotid arteries in two dogs, angiographically imaged 2 weeks months later, then excised. We characterized morphological changes response...

Right ventricle (RV) dysfunction occurs with progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to persistently elevated ventricular afterload. A critical knowledge gap is the molecular mechanisms that govern transition from RV adaptation maladaptation, which leads failure. Here, we hypothesize recently established mouse model PAH, via hypoxia and SU5416 treatment (HySu), captures adaptive maladaptive remodeling including impairments in function decreases efficiency interactions...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe form of pulmonary in which right ventricular (RV) afterload increased and death typically occurs due to decompensated RV hypertrophy failure. Collagen accumulation has been implicated artery remodeling, but how it affects performance remains unclear. Here, we sought identify the role collagen turnover, defined as balance between synthesis degradation, structure function PAH. To do so, exposed mutant (Col1a1R/R) mice, type I degradation...

Cardiomyocytes are viscoelastic and key determinants of right ventricle (RV) mechanics. Intracellularly, microtubules found to impact the viscoelasticity isolated cardiomyocytes or trabeculae; whether they contribute tissue-level is unknown. Our goal was reveal role microtubule network in passive anisotropic healthy RV. Equibiaxial stress relaxation tests were conducted RV free wall (RVFW) under early (6%) end (15%) diastolic strain levels, at sub- physiological stretch rates. The assessed...

A computer model was used to analyze data on cardiac and vascular mechanics from C57BL6/J mice exposed 0 (n = 4), 14 6), 21 8) 28 7) days of chronic hypoxia treatment with the VEGF receptor inhibitor SUGEN (HySu) induce pulmonary hypertension. Data right ventricular pressure volume, systemic arterial obtained before, during, after inferior vena cava occlusion were analyzed using a mathematical realistic coupled simple systems. The invokes total 26 adjustable parameters, which estimated based...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rapidly fatal disease in which mortality due to right ventricular (RV) failure. It unclear whether RV dysfunction initiates at the organ level or subcellular both. We hypothesized that chronic pressure overload-induced begins with preserved Frank-Starling mechanism myocytes. To test this hypothesis, we induced PAH Sugen + hypoxia (HySu) mice and measured whole functional changes by vivo pressure-volume measurements vitro trabeculae length-tension...