A5009304619- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Sustainable Building Design and Assessment
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Complex Systems and Decision Making
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Noise Effects and Management
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
University of Bern
2016-2021
University of Birmingham
2011-2020
Institute of Geography of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2015
Forest Research
2015
University of Pisa
1996-1999
Georgia Institute of Technology
1997
University of Bath
1997
University of Florence
1996
University of Stuttgart
1993
University of Sussex
1987
Background The potential for reduced pollination ecosystem service due to global declines of bees and other pollinators is cause considerable concern. Habitat degradation, destruction fragmentation agricultural intensification have historically been the main causes this pollinator decline. However, despite increasing accelerating levels urbanization, very little research has investigated effects urbanization on assemblages. We assessed changes in diversity, abundance species composition bee...
Summary The successful movement of individuals is fundamental to life. Facilitating these movements by promoting ecological connectivity has become a central theme in ecology and conservation. Urban areas contain more than half the world's human population, their potential support biodiversity connect citizens nature increasingly recognized. Promoting within essential reaching this potential. However, our current understanding urban appears limited. We reviewed published scientific...
Future scenarios provide challenging, plausible and relevant stories about how the future could unfold. Urban Futures (UF) research has identified a substantial set (>450) of seemingly disparate published over period 1997–2011 within this research, sub-set >160 been (and categorized) based on their narratives according to structure first proposed by Global Scenario Group (GSG) in 1997; three world types (Business as Usual, Barbarization, Great Transitions) six scenarios, two for each...
As the global population urbanizes, dramatic changes are expected in city lighting and urban form, which may threaten functioning of ecosystems services they deliver. However, little is known about ecological impact different contexts. Movement an important process that can be disrupted by artificial lighting. We explored on gap crossing for Pipistrellus pipistrellus, a species bat (Chiroptera) common within UK cities. aimed to determine whether probability gaps tree cover varied with...
Artificial lighting is strongly associated with urbanisation and increasing in its extent, brightness spectral range. Changes urban have both positive negative effects on city performance, yet little known about how character magnitude vary across the landscape. A major barrier to related research, planning governance has been lack of data at particularly a fine spatial resolution. Our aims were therefore capture such using aerial night photography undertake case study lighting. We present...
Background Urbanization is characterized by high levels of sealed land-cover, and small, geometrically complex, fragmented land-use patches. The extent density urbanized increasing, with implications for habitat quality, connectivity city ecology. Little known about densification thresholds urban ecosystem function, the response mammals, nocturnal cryptic taxa are poorly studied in this respect. Bats (Chiroptera) sensitive to changing form at a species, guild community level, so ideal model...
Tree planting is widely advocated and applied in urban areas, with large-scale projects underway cities globally. Numerous potential benefits are used to justify these campaigns. However, reports of poor tree survival raise questions about the ability such deliver on their promises over long-term. Each benefit requires different supporting conditions—relating not only type placement tree, but also broader system within which it embedded. This set conditions may always be mutually compatible...
Background A step change in the night environment is taking place, with large-scale installation of bright, broad-spectrum road lighting such as white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). One justification for this a reduction traffic collisions (RTCs). This study aimed to estimate effect new on personal injury RTCs within large UK city. Methods We analysed 9-year time series weekly RTC counts 132 areas city using multilevel modelling. The rate over full 24-hour period was primary outcome; darkness...
The development process at the site or building scale is a multiobjective requiring cooperation of many professions and other stakeholders. addition multiple sustainability objectives, often seemingly unrelated (economic versus environmental social) in rapidly changing global urban context, further constrains complicates process. MODESTT mapping approach was developed to elucidate interdependencies, tensions, trade-offs between different objectives for given development, make explicit points...
Recently, much of the literature on sharing in cities has focused economy, which people use online platforms to share underutilized assets marketplace. This view is too narrow for cities, as it neglects myriad ways, reasons, and scales citizens urban environments. Research presented here by Liveable Cities team form participant workshops Lancaster Birmingham, UK, suggests that a broader approach understanding essential. The research also highlighted tools methods may be used help identify...
Night time illumination of cities is undergoing radical change through the adoption new street lighting technologies, but impacts these large-scale changes on biodiversity have not been explored. Moths are particular concern because their nocturnal 'flight-to-light' responses. Here we examine in situ effects (1) lamp replacement and (2) spatial distribution local garden moth communities Birmingham, UK, to determine whether current shifts infrastructure leading an increased attraction moths...
There is a need for biological conservation at the global scale, and urban has potential to support delivery of this wider goal. Despite historic trends, efforts are underway protect enhance quality, quantity accessibility green infrastructure within cities, including biodiversity features new developments. However, there questions over their long-term persistence function. This paper applies an futures resilience analysis case study site illustrate how such concerns may be explored...
This data article presents the UK City LIFE1 set for city of Birmingham, UK. is a new, comprehensive and holistic method measuring livable sustainability performance cities. The Birmingham comprises 346 indicators structured simultaneously (1) within four-tier, outcome-based framework in order to aid their interpretation (e.g., promote healthy living long lives, minimize energy use, uncouple economic vitality from CO2 emissions) (2) thematically complement government disciplinary siloes...
This article examines density and deprivation, the two important parameters that define health well-being in cities. Discussions are drawn from a case study conducted Birmingham four neighborhoods characterized by their different population deprivation levels. Data were collected through questionnaires developed set of subjective measures built environment audits, based on Irvine Minnesota Inventory evaluates quality streets walkability neighborhoods. The inferences support need for linking...
Abstract Artificial light at night (ALAN) is increasing globally, and changing in quality due to the installation of white LED street lighting. ALAN a threat biodiversity ecosystem functioning, yet important knowledge gaps exist regarding magnitude impacts how these vary between habitats levels exposure. The disturbance aquatic by particular concern as human settlements activities are often located near waterbodies, many species sensitive ALAN. Focusing on adult insects, an experimental...
The achievement of a less unsustainable future requires multi-dimensional approach that addresses range \'issues\' (i.e. the sustainability indicator spectrum; demographics through to water) within bounded yet diverse \'space\' global local scale) over \'time\' current and generations; their needs aspirations). Futurescenarios provide challenging, plausible relevant stories about how future, typically 5 100 years, could unfold. As neither forecasts nor predictions unconstrained by...