A5063091332- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Higher Education Research Studies
- Housing Market and Economics
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant and animal studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Pasture and Agricultural Systems
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Aging and Gerontology Research
- Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism
- School Choice and Performance
- Forest Biomass Utilization and Management
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant responses to water stress
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Homelessness and Social Issues
The University of Texas at Austin
2013-2025
Lancaster University
2017-2025
University of Sheffield
2009-2025
Washington University in St. Louis
2015-2018
Western Sydney University
2018
Bowdoin College
2013-2016
Keene State College
2016
Massey University
2014
University of York
2011
University of Zurich
2010
Wheat is the second most important direct source of food calories in world. After considerable improvement during Green Revolution, increase genetic yield potential appears to have stalled. Improvement photosynthetic efficiency now a major opportunity addressing sustainable increases needed meet future demand. Effort, however, has focused on increasing under steady-state conditions. In field, light environment at level individual leaves constantly changing. The speed adjustment can profound...
• Experimental evidence demonstrates a higher efficiency of water and nitrogen use in C4 compared with C3 plants, which is hypothesized to drive differences biomass allocation between species. However, recent work shows that contrasts grasses may be misinterpreted without phylogenetic control. Here, we leaf physiology growth multiple lineages sampled from monophyletic clade, asked the following question: ecophysiological traits differ consistently photosynthetic types, vary among lineages?...
Summary The evolution of C 4 photosynthesis in plants has allowed the maintenance high CO 2 assimilation rates despite lower stomatal conductances. This underpins greater water‐use efficiency species and their tendency to occupy drier, more seasonal environments than 3 relatives. basis interspecific variation maximum conductance water ( g max ), as defined by density size, was investigated a common‐environment screening experiment. Stomatal traits were measured 28 from seven grass lineages,...
Plant growth plays a key role in the functioning of terrestrial biosphere, and there have been substantial efforts to understand why varies among species. To this end, large number experimental analyses undertaken; however, emergent patterns between rate its components are often contradictory. We believe that these conflicting results consequence way is measured. Growth typically characterized by relative (RGR); RGR declines as organisms get larger, making it difficult compare species...
Global climate change is expected to shift regional rainfall patterns, influencing species distributions where they depend on water availability. Comparative studies have demonstrated that C4 grasses inhabit drier habitats than C3 relatives, but both and photosynthesis are susceptible drought. However, plants may show advantages in hydraulic performance dry environments. We investigated the effects of seasonal variation availability leaf physiology, using a common garden experiment Eastern...
Heterosis has been widely used in agriculture, but the molecular mechanism for this remains largely elusive. In Arabidopsis hybrids and allopolyploids, increased photosynthetic metabolic activities are linked to altered expression of circadian clock regulators, including CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1). It is unknown whether a similar mediates heterosis maize hybrids. Here we report that higher levels carbon fixation starch accumulation associated with temporal gene expression. Two CCA1...
Abstract Cowpea is the major source of vegetable protein for rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa and average yields are not keeping pace with population growth. Each day, crop leaves experience many shade events speed photosynthetic adjustment to this dynamic environment strongly affects daily carbon gain. Rubisco activity particularly important because it depends on extent deactivation recovers slowly return sun. Here, direct biochemical measurements showed a much faster rate cowpea...
Phylogenetic analyses show that C₄ grasses typically occupy drier habitats than their C₃ relatives, but recent experiments comparing the physiology of closely related and species have shown advantages photosynthesis can be lost under drought. We tested generality these paradoxical findings in grass representing known evolutionary diversity NADP-me photosynthetic types. Our experiment investigated effects drought on leaf photosynthesis, water potential, nitrogen, chlorophyll content...
Summary Examining intraspecific variation in growth and function relation to climate may provide insight into physiological evolution adaptation, is important for predicting species responses change. Under common garden conditions, we grew nine genotypes of the C 4 Panicum virgatum originating from different temperature precipitation environments. We hypothesized that genotype productivity, morphology traits would be correlated with origin, a suite adaptive show high broad‐sense heritability...
Small-seeded plant species are often reported to have high relative growth rate or RGR. However, because RGR declines as plants grow larger, small-seeded could achieve higher simply by virtue of their small size. In contrast, size-standardized SGR factors out these size effects. Differences in can thus only be due differences morphology, allocation, physiology. We used nonlinear regression calculate for comparison with 10 groups spanning a wide range life forms. found that was negatively...
Summary The process of plant speciation often involves the evolution divergent ecotypes in response to differences soil water availability between habitats. While same set traits is frequently associated with xeric/mesic ecotype divergence, it unknown whether those evolve independently or if they tandem as a result genetic colocalization either by pleiotropy linkage. self‐fertilizing C 4 grass species Panicum hallii includes two major found xeric (var. ) mesic filipes We constructed first...
Leaf-level gas exchange data support the mechanistic understanding of plant fluxes carbon and water. These inform our ecosystem function, are an important constraint on parameterization terrestrial biosphere models, necessary to understand response plants global environmental change, integral efforts improve crop production. Collection these using analyzers can be both technically challenging time consuming, individual studies generally focus a small range species, restricted periods, or...
Grasses are exceptionally productive, yet their hydraulic adaptation is paradoxical. Among C
Summary The leaf economics spectrum (LES) describes a suite of functional traits that consistently covary at large spatial and taxonomic scales. Despite its importance these larger scales, few studies have examined the major drivers intraspecific variation in LES – phenotypic plasticity standing genetic variation. Using experimental precipitation manipulations, we whether covariation among selection on trait combinations change as diverse genotypes widespread perennial grass Panicum virgatum...
Identifying the physiological and genetic basis of stress tolerance in plants has proven to be critical understanding adaptation both agricultural natural systems. However, many discoveries were initially made controlled conditions greenhouses or laboratories, not field. To test comparability drought responses across field greenhouse environments, we undertook three independent experiments using switchgrass reference genotype Alamo AP13. We analyzed gene expression variation four locations,...
Abstract Interventions to increase crop radiation use efficiency rely on understanding of how biochemical and stomatal limitations affect photosynthesis. When leaves transition from shade high light, slow increases in maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate conductance limit net CO 2 assimilation for several minutes. However, as stomata open intercellular [CO ] increases, so electron transport could also become limiting. Photosynthetic were evaluated three important Brassica crops: rapa ,...
Abstract Recognition of the untapped potential photosynthesis to improve crop yields has spurred research identify targets for breeding. The CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco is characterized by a number inefficiencies, and frequently limits carbon assimilation at top canopy, representing clear target wheat improvement. Two bread lines with similar genetic backgrounds contrasting in vivo maximum carboxylation activity per unit leaf nitrogen (Vc,max,25/Narea) determined using high-throughput...
Life history and photosynthetic type both affect the economics of leaf physiological function. Annual plants have lower tissue densities resource-use efficiencies than perennials, while C4 photosynthesis, facilitated in grasses by specific changes anatomy, improves efficiency water-use efficiency, especially hot climates. This study aimed to determine whether photosynthesis affects differences functional traits between annual perennial species. We measured 26 characterised niche descriptors...