A5079537228- Respiratory viral infections research
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Vanderbilt University
2016-2025
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
2016-2025
Jiangnan University
2020-2025
Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
2025
University of Bradford
2025
Hennepin County Medical Center
2021-2024
Baystate Medical Center
2021-2024
University of Colorado Hospital
2021-2024
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist
2021-2024
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
2021-2024
Community-acquired pneumonia is a leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death among U.S. adults. Incidence estimates confirmed radiographically with the use current laboratory diagnostic tests are needed.
The primary role of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in causing infant hospitalizations is well recognized, but the total burden RSV infection among young children remains poorly defined.We conducted prospective, population-based surveillance acute infections under 5 years age three U.S. counties. We enrolled hospitalized from 2000 through 2004 and presenting as outpatients emergency departments pediatric offices 2002 2004. was detected by culture reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain...
Incidence estimates of hospitalizations for community-acquired pneumonia among children in the United States that are based on prospective data collection limited. Updated has been confirmed radiographically and with use current laboratory diagnostic tests needed.We conducted active population-based surveillance requiring hospitalization younger than 18 years age three hospitals Memphis, Nashville, Salt Lake City. We excluded recent or severe immunosuppression. Blood respiratory specimens...
The disease burden of influenza infection among children is not well established. We conducted a population-based surveillance medical visits associated with laboratory-confirmed influenza.
A comprehensive understanding of the benefits COVID-19 vaccination requires consideration disease attenuation, determined as whether people who develop despite have lower severity than unvaccinated people.
To characterize the clinical severity of covid-19 associated with alpha, delta, and omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants among adults admitted to hospital compare effectiveness mRNA vaccines prevent admissions related each variant.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a leading cause of hospitalization among infants. However, estimates the RSV burden have varied, and precision has been limited by use age strata grouped in blocks 6 to ≥ 12 months.We analyzed data from 5-year, prospective, population-based surveillance for young children who were hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed (reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) acute respiratory illness (ARI) during October through March 2000-2005. The...
Many respiratory viruses cause morbidity in young children, but a licensed vaccine and effective oral therapy are available only for influenzavirus. To determine the incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza illness, we prospectively followed up 1665 healthy children aged <5 years who were enrolled Vanderbilt Vaccine Clinic at some point from 1974 through 1999. Viral cultures obtained when presented with clinical illness. The isolation influenzavirus was associated an estimated 95 health...
The introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into the U.S. childhood immunization schedule in 2000 has substantially reduced incidence vaccine-serotype invasive disease young children and unvaccinated older adults. By 2004, hospitalizations associated with pneumonia from any cause had also declined markedly among children. Because concerns about increases caused by nonvaccine serotypes, we wanted to determine whether reduction pneumonia-related been sustained through...
Data are not complete for all characteristics in the table; denominators
The inpatient and outpatient burden of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection among young children has not been well established.We conducted prospective, population-based surveillance for acute respiratory illness or fever less than 5 years age in three U.S. counties from 2003 through 2009. Clinical demographic data were obtained parents medical records, HMPV was detected by means a reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction assay, rates hospitalization estimated visits associated with...
Background. We performed a prospective study to determine the disease burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in older adults comparison with influenza virus.
Adults aged ≥65 years are at increased risk for severe outcomes from COVID-19 and were identified as a priority group to receive the first vaccines approved use under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) in United States (1-3). In evaluation 24 hospitals 14 states,* effectiveness of partial or full vaccination† with Pfizer-BioNTech Moderna against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was assessed among adults years. Among 417 hospitalized (including 187 case-patients 230 controls), median age...
<h3>Background</h3> Although recent reports suggest that the incidence of parapneumonic empyema has increased in several regions USA, national trends disease burden are unknown. National hospitalisations and changes by associated pathogens were examined. <h3>Methods</h3> hospitalisation data (1996–2008) analysed rates estimated using census estimates as denominators. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) compared 2008 with 1996 rates. Discharge diagnosis codes used to characterise hospitalisations....
Improved understanding of transmission SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), within households could aid control measures. However, few studies have systematically characterized SARS-CoV-2 in U.S. (1). Previously reported rates vary widely, and data on from children are limited. To assess household transmission, a case-ascertained study was conducted Nashville, Tennessee, Marshfield, Wisconsin, commencing April 2020. In this study, index patients were defined...
Background. The clinical significance of viruses detected in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is often unclear. Methods. We conducted a prospective study to identify the prevalence 13 upper respiratory tract CAP and concurrently enrolled asymptomatic controls real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. compared age-stratified each virus between used multivariable logistic regression calculate attributable fractions (AFs). Results. 1024 759 controls. Detections...
Real-world evaluations have demonstrated high effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19-associated hospitalizations (1-4) measured shortly after vaccination; longer follow-up is needed to assess durability protection. In an evaluation at 21 hospitals in 18 states, the duration mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) (VE) was assessed among adults aged ≥18 years. Among 3,089 hospitalized (including 1,194 COVID-19 case-patients and 1,895 non-COVID-19 control-patients), median age 59 years,...
Background. The contribution of human rhinovirus (HRV) to severe acute respiratory illness (ARI) is unclear. Objective. To assess the association between HRV species detection and ARI hospitalizations. Methods. Children <5 years old hospitalized for were prospectively enrolled December 2003 April 2005 in 3 US counties. Asymptomatic controls March 2004 October clinics. Nasal throat swab samples tested other viruses (ie, syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza influenza virus) by...
Recent trials suggest procalcitonin-based guidelines can reduce antibiotic use for respiratory infections. However, the accuracy of procalcitonin to discriminate between viral and bacterial pneumonia requires further dissection. We evaluated association serum concentration at hospital admission with pathogens detected in a multicenter prospective surveillance study adults hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia. Systematic pathogen testing included cultures, serology, urine antigen tests,...
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] and mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) are effective at preventing COVID-19-associated hospitalization (1-3). However, how well protect against the most severe outcomes of these hospitalizations, including invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or death is uncertain. Using a case-control design, vaccine effectiveness (VE) IMV in-hospital was evaluated among adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized 21 U.S. medical centers during March 11, 2021-January 24, 2022....
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination coverage increases in the United States, there is a need to understand real-world effectiveness against disease 2019 (COVID-19) and among people at increased risk for poor outcomes.In multicenter case-control analysis of US adults hospitalized March 11-May 5, 2021, we evaluated vaccine prevent COVID-19 hospitalizations by comparing odds prior with messenger RNA (mRNA) (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) between cases...
Monovalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, designed against the ancestral strain of SARS-CoV-2, successfully reduced COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality in United States globally (1,2). However, vaccine effectiveness (VE) COVID-19-associated hospitalization has declined over time, likely related to a combination factors, including waning immunity and, with emergence Omicron variant its sublineages, immune evasion (3). To address these on September 1, 2022, Advisory Committee Immunization...
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] and mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) provide protection against infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, are highly effective COVID-19-associated hospitalization among eligible persons who receive 2 doses (1,2). However, vaccine effectiveness (VE) immunocompromising conditions* is lower than immunocompetent (2), VE declines after several months all (3). On August 12, 2021, Food Drug Administration (FDA) issued an emergency use...
On June 21, 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination for adults aged ≥60 years, offered to individual using shared clinical decision-making.Informed use of these vaccines requires an understanding RSV disease severity.To characterize RSV-associated severity, 5,784 years hospitalized with acute illness and laboratory-confirmed RSV, SARS-CoV-2, or influenza infection were prospectively enrolled from 25 hospitals in 20...
In September 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended updated 2023-2024 (monovalent XBB.1.5)COVID-19 vaccination for all persons aged ≥6 months to prevent COVID-19, including severe disease.However, few estimates of vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended illness are available.This analysis evaluated VE an COVID-19 dose COVID-19-associated emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) encounters and hospitalization among immunocompetent adults ≥18...