A5089263135- Marine animal studies overview
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Higher Education Governance and Development
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Food Supply Chain Traceability
- Robotic Path Planning Algorithms
- History of Medical Practice
Florida International University
2008-2024
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2023
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center
2023
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service
2023
National Museum of Natural History
2023
Office of Naval Research
2023
International University
2013
University of Missouri–St. Louis
1992-2002
Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne
1984-1990
Johns Hopkins University
1976-1982
This review considers the effect of anthropogenic sound on beaked whales2. Two major conclusions are presented: (1) gas-bubble disease, induced in supersaturated tissue by a behavioural response to acoustic exposure, is plausible pathologic mechanism for morbidity and mortality seen cetaceans associated with sonar exposure merits further investigation; (2) current monitoring mitigation methods whales ineffective detecting these animals protecting them from adverse exposure. In addition, four...
Whistles are narrowband, frequency-modulated sounds produced by many cetaceans. extensively studied in delphinids, where several factors have been proposed to explain between- and within-species variation. We examined associated with geographic variation whistles of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) assessing the role ambient noise, noise from boats, sympatry other dolphin species, reviewing comparing whistle structure across populations western eastern Atlantic Ocean. adjacent...
A bstract The underwater existence of marine mammals has encouraged a variety special biophysical adaptations to their environment. Their sensory and communication systems reflect the transmission properties sea water. For example, vision is keen in spectra that penetrate water best, vocalization broadband used at frequencies appear fit activities best—the differences use match intriguing behavior observed for each species. To date most observations animal interactions with environment have...
It is widely held that in toothed whales, high frequency tonal sounds called 'whistles' evolved association with 'sociality' because delphinids they are used a social context. Recently, whistles were hypothesized to be an evolutionary innovation of dolphins (the 'dolphin hypothesis'). However, both and broad concepts each representing conglomerate characters. Many non-delphinids, whether solitary or social, produce share most the acoustic characteristics delphinid whistles. Furthermore,...
Population structure and patterns of habitat use among ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are poorly known, in part because seasonal movements have not been adequately documented. We monitored the 98 Beaufort Chukchi seas between 1990 2006 using three forms telemetry. In winter—spring period (when were occupying shorefast ice), we used radio ultra-sonic tags to track above below ice, respectively. satellite-linked transmitters summer fall ranged away from their winter sites) at-sea movements. ice...
Cellular, hormonal, and metabolic changes during annual molts regeneration of the pelage were studied in two harbor five spotted seals different ages. Seals maintained an appropriate photoperiod monitored biweekly to monthly by measuring their serum cortisol, thyroxine, triiodothyronine standardized resting rate. Concurrently, external signs molt (shedding hair) recorded, samples skin collected from midback for histological determination duration regenerative phase cycle. Timing coincided...
Abstract Marine mammals may be negatively affected by anthropogenic noise. Behavioural response studies (BRS) aim to establish a relationship between noise exposure conditions (dose) from potential stressor and associated behavioural responses of animals. A recent series BRS have focused on the effects naval sonar sounds cetaceans. Here, we review current state understanding impact marine highlight knowledge gaps future research priorities. Many mammal species exhibit sounds. However, vary...
Abstract A negative relationship between cetacean body size and tonal sound minimum maximum frequencies has been demonstrated in several studies using standard statistical approaches where species are considered independent data points. Such studies, however, fail to account for known dependencies among related species—shared similarity due common ancestry. Here we test these hypotheses by generating the most complete level phylogeny date, which then use reconstruct evolutionary history of...
The issues surrounding marine mammals and noise cannot be managed effectively without an understanding of the effects that on individual their populations. In spring 2003 National Research Council released Ocean Noise Marine Mammals , a report reviewed sources ocean (natural anthropogenic), mammals, patterns long-term trends in noise, included recommendations intended to improve impacts anthropogenic noise. This paper provides brief summary observed factors can change response animal...
A bstract Dives of a 12‐m sperm whale ( Physeter catodon Linnaeus, 1758) were tracked in the southeast Caribbean by long range, 30 MHz radio tag with dive‐profile telemetry over 4.6 d, 26 April‐1 May 1995. Over 295‐km track, average speed was 0.7 m/sec (2.6 km/h). Of 158 dives (defined as submergences longer than 3 min), 65 shallow (<200 m). The 93 deep averaged 990 m (range 420–1,330 m) depth, and 44.4 min duration 18.2–65.3 min). Water depth at least 200 deeper dive depth. engaged...
The behavior of 14 ringed seals (Phoca hispida) diving under shore-fast sea ice was monitored acoustically during the spring breeding season. Frequent dives with extended periods at depth by subadult and adult seals, including lactating females, were interpreted to be foraging dives. Median dive durations less than 10.0 min for all maximal observed duration 26.4 min. depth, 222 m, limited water in study area. Modal depths between 10 45 m breeding-age males 100 145 postparturient females. 4.0...
Arctic ringed seals (Phoca hispida) and antarctic Weddell (Leptonychotes weddelli) were tracked using an attached acoustic tag during their under-ice movements at isolated experimental sites with varying numbers of novel breathing holes. Both natural artificial visual landmarks used by the dives. Seals deprived vision through blindfolding greatly restricted diving. Blindfolded responded to supplied cues moved toward them. Prior swimming cue, animals often swam angle direct line source cue....
Because whistles are most commonly associated with social delphinids, they have been largely overlooked, ignored, or presumed absent, in solitary freshwater dolphin species. Whistle production the dolphin, boto (Inia geoffrensis geoffrensis), has controversial. of its sympatry tucuxi dolphins (Sotalia fluviatilis), a whistling species, some presume might erroneously assigned to boto. Using broadband recording system, we recorded over 100 from Yasunf River, Ecuador, where absent. Our results...
Knowledge of the whistle structure in Guyana dolphins comes mostly from Brazilian populations where recordings have been made using limited bandwidth systems (18 and 24kHz). In Brazil, dolphin frequency span is 1.34–23.89kHz, but authors suggested that limits their recording system may underestimate span. Whistles Costa Rica were studied a broadband system. How limitations affect understanding species classification between sympatric was evaluated. addition, whistles compared to populations....
A tagged whale of the genus Balaenoptera was intermittently tracked by radio for 27.8 hours over a distance about 145 kilometers. Data on breathing and movement show that during time took 58 breaths in 130 minutes traveled 20 kilometers at more than 9 per hour. Precise measurements such parameters other features life history great whales, which travel long distances high seas, often groups, are now possible through tagging.
One spotted seal (Phoca largha) and two ringed seals hispida) were studied in experiments designed to determine which sensory modalities employed pilotage from one under-ice breathing hole another. Breathing holes drilled the ice of a frozen freshwater pond lake near Fairbanks, Alaska. Holes located 22–150 m apart. Tethered swimming without blindfolding when they chanced swim within visual detection distance. Blindfolded responded acoustic signals. Tactile sensitivity vibrissae was used by...
In dynamic fission–fusion societies, following specific individuals consistently would not be expected in the absence of benefits to followers. Followers groups may benefit if leaders have greater knowledge about habitats that are available for foraging and how access these areas efficiently. A small residential population bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) Lower Florida Keys (LFK) demonstrates such individual leadership, but why others choose follow is unknown. To determine whether...
A bstract Three 12‐m sperm whales ( Physeter catodon ) were tagged and tracked west of Dominica in the southeast Caribbean to follow surfacing patterns movements these presumed subadult males. Whale N was April 1993 with a 30‐MHz radio tag for two days. H 1995 4.6 d. satellite‐monitored by ARGOS 21.5 d, first four which concurrent tracking H, an associate. The remained at least 2, 5, 13 respectively. Whales then moved southward waters off Martinique. There no apparent effects on tagging or...
An acoustic tracking system is described that has been used to track Weddell seals in Antarctica and ringed spotted the arctic. The are released with a small, depth-modulated transmitter attached. They tracked real time based on difference of arrival at four hydrophones pulse from transmitter. Working ranges approximately those predicted by equations. Closed-form solutions algorithm allow rapid calculation position. effect different array geometries accuracy explored analytically.