Sacrificial moral dilemmas elicit a strong conflict between the motive to not personally harm someone and competing achieving greater good, which is often described as "utilitarian" response.Some prior research suggests that reasoning abilities deliberative cognitive style are associated with endorsement of utilitarian solutions, but has more recently been emphasized, both conceptual methodological issues leave open possibility responses due instead reduced emotional response harm.Across...

Drivers consider external and hypothetical behaviours of other drivers, but internal factors also impact road safety. This study aims to examine the connection between Cognitive Affective Theory Mind (ToM) Driving Style in It hypothesizes that a higher level ToM corresponds greater ability avoid accidents assume virtuous driving behaviour. The investigates how impacts behaviour, directly correlating with assessing potential accidents' probability severity. 207 non-expert including 164...

Spatial navigation is essential for orienting oneself in familiar and novel environments. Several internal factors may affect spatial navigation, such as anxiety. This study explored the mediating role of anxiety (spatial, trait state) relationship between cognitive load (egocentric allocentric) using parallel mediation models. A sample 125 participants (60 females) completed self-reported measures (spatial state-trait) during free a virtual reality square with or without environmental load....

Background The classic Dual Process model posits that decision-making is determined by the interplay of an intuitive System 1 and a logical 2. In contrast, revised suggests intuition can also be logical. Cognitive load paradigm has been used to distinguish underlying rational processes, as it tends lead use heuristics over reasoning. Through two studies, we aimed investigate impact increasing levels extraneous cognitive on intentionality comparing models. Methods task required participants...

Introduction Different studies have investigated by means of EEG-fMRI coregistration the brain networks related to generalized spike-and-wave discharges (GSWD) in patients with idiopathic epilepsy (IGE). These revealed a widespread GSWD-related neural network that involves thalamus and regions default mode network. In this study we which are critically involved termination absence seizures (AS) group IGE patients. Methods Eighteen (6 male; mean age 25 years) AS were included study....

Abstract This study investigates the role of default options in relationship between trait anxiety, and decision-making styles financial decisions. One hundred ninety-four participants were divided into three groups subjected to different conditions. Under each experimental condition, they had decide whether accept or reject investment proposals. In first group, been enrolled plans by (opt-out condition), second not automatically these (opt-in third group choose enroll (control condition)....

Sacrificial moral dilemmas elicit a strong conflict between the motive not to personally harm someone and competing achieving greater good, which is often described as “utilitarian” response. Some prior research suggests that reasoning abilities deliberative cognitive style are associated with endorsement of utilitarian solutions but, has more recently been emphasized, both conceptual methodological issues leave open possibility responses due instead reduced emotional response harm. Across...

The last decade has seen an increase in compulsive behaviours among young adults worldwide, particularly 2020, during restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Importantly, even if shopping is ordinary activity everyday life, it can become a behaviour for certain individuals. aim of this study was investigate role working memory and decision-making style behaviour. A total 105 participants (65 F, 40 M) were recruited online from May 2020 December 2020. They completed series questionnaires...

Many automotive industries are developing technologies to assist human drivers in suggesting wiser choices improve drivers' behaviour. The technology that makes use of this modality is defined as a "digital nudge". An example digital nudge the GPS installed on smartphones. Some studies have demonstrated negatively affects environmental learning because transformation some spatial skills. main purpose study was investigate and its relationship with ability, together function supporting...

The present study investigated the association between autistic personality traits and cognitive affective Theory of Mind abilities, as well whether intentionality attribution was atypical in individuals with traits, such autism spectrum disorder, who tend to over-attribute intentions when facing accidental harm involving negative outcomes. One-hundred performed tasks assessing provided judgments scenarios characterized by side effects, which involved unintended outcomes well. Results showed...

Individuals with agoraphobia exhibit impaired exploratory activity when navigating unfamiliar environments. However, no studies have investigated the contribution of visuospatial working memory (VSWM) in these individuals' ability to acquire and process spatial information while considering use egocentric allocentric coordinates or environments without people. A total 106 individuals (53 53 controls) navigated a virtual square that included recognition landmarks relationship between...

Deciding about people's responsibility, intentions and need for punishment is particularly hard it may be often associated with counterfactual thinking, which refers to the creation of mental alternatives actual events. Ninety-three participants were asked generate downward or upward counterfactuals regarding a given criminal event and, then, give judgments defendant's predictability, intentionality punishment. Results showed that had led people judge less intentional, defendant responsible...

Abstract This study explores the features that characterize rational or experiential thinking styles. Specifically, we examined whether these styles are linked to different response times, degrees of accuracy, and confidence in solution Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) problems, controlling for gender differences. Participants ( N = 120) performed Rational‐Experiential Multimodal Inventory, which measures prevalent style, a modified version CRT designed measure person's tendency override an...

Background: Gambling Disorder (GD) is a bio-psycho-social disorder resulting from the interaction of clinical, cognitive, and affective factors. Impulsivity crucial factor in addiction studies, as it closely linked to cognitive distortions GD by encompassing impulsive choices, motor responses, decision-making, biases. Also, emotions, mood, temperament, state are developing maintaining GD. can be used maladaptive coping strategy avoid or escape problems distress. Methods: The aim present...

Abstract Dual process theories of decision making distinguish between type 1 processes, which are commonly assumed to be fast and autonomous related intuitive thinking, 2 require the involvement working memory closely linked analytical reasoning. The purpose this work was study role external information about intuitively made decisions, examining whether processes engagement is modified by exposure positive or negative feedback. One hundred six participants completed a set conditional...

Abstract The present study focused on both the MMPI‐2 scales and 16PF‐5 primary global factors, involving 213 individuals who were court‐ordered to undergo a personality assessment in neglect and/or abuse cases. Results showed defensive approach specific psychological characteristics indicated by moderate range elevations clinical 4 6 Tough‐Mindedness, high scores of Self‐Control associated with low PSY‐5 Disconstraint. Finally, this revealed strong associations between offering detailed...