<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A novel self-consistent approach for the determination of correction factor a waveguide microcalorimeter is described. The method based on measurement offset shorts different length followed by one single calibration an unknown thermistor device under test (DUT). Without precisely measuring radio-frequency (RF) power incident to reference plane, both effective efficiency DUT and calorimeter are...

We have carried out an optoelectronic measurement of the impulse response ultrafast sampling oscilloscope with a nominal bandwidth 100 GHz within time window approximately ps. Our experimental technique also considers frequency components above cut-off higher order modes 1.0 mm coaxial line, which is shown to be important for specification oscilloscopes. Additionally, we measured reflection coefficient head induced by mismatch circuit and connector larger than 0.5 certain frequencies. The...

We perform high-precision frequency measurements in the THz range using an unstabilized femtosecond laser. A simple and flexible algorithm is used to correct beating signal resulting from source one comb line of rectified optical for fluctuations laser repetition rate. Using this technique, we demonstrate accuracy our measurement device as high (9 ± 3) · 10−14 a 100 GHz source. This two orders magnitude better than previous precision employing lasers.

This paper describes a thermoelectric waveguide power sensor for the frequency range 75-110 GHz, which has been calibrated in twin-type microcalorimeter. The is suitable as transfer standard to provide traceablity high-frequency calibrations. design and calibration of are described. based upon novel measuring quantity, referred generalized efficiency. results mirocalorimeter measurements performance given. new tested against conventional thermistor sensors direct comparison setup, showing...

A quasi-optical power combiner for a five-element in-line oscillator array is experimentally investigated at 150 GHz. The consists of periodic dielectric phase grating (hologram) which transforms the near-field rectangular horn antenna into pseudo-plane wave. excited by IMPATT oscillators operating uniformly in both amplitude and phase. dual offset reflector set-up wave to Gaussian beam matches field pattern mode receiving antenna. Even though an inter-element spacing 9.5 /spl lambda/ has...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A novel approach for the determination of complex residual error parameters a calibrated one-port vector network analyzer (VNA) is proposed. The method based on single-reflection measurement employing high-precision airline terminated by short. complex-valued directivity and source match are extracted over entire measured frequency range applying sophisticated data analysis scheme utilizing...

In this letter, we report on the record performance of GaAs-based heterostructure barrier varactors (HBVs) in tripler circuits. Both fabrication technique planar Al/sub 0.7/Ga/sub 0.3/As/GaAs and measurements a corresponding circuit are presented. Planar transmission lines thin dielectric membrane flip-chip without air bridges provide reduced parasitic losses and, hence, higher efficiency. Frequency have shown more than 1 mW at 450 GHz.

A quasi-optical power combiner for a 4/spl times/4 IMPATT oscillator array has been designed and experimentally investigated. The consists of bi-periodic dielectric phase grating which transforms the near field rectangular horn into pseudoplane wave. is excited by oscillators operate uniformly in both amplitude phase. parabolic mirror with superimposed surface relief couples wave output antenna. In principle, no restriction inter-element spacing hence scalable up to submillimeter wavelengths...

Two independent methods of absolute power measurement electromagnetic waves are compared in the millimeter-wave range. At National Metrology Institutes (NMIs), dependent on frequency and wave propagation, is differently traced back to International System Units (SI), i.e., from microwave up frequencies coaxial lines metallic waveguides terahertz free space. As state-of-the-art waveguide-based sensors free-space detectors overlapping with respect their operating frequency, for first time, a...

This paper describes the fabrication of coplanar waveguides on thin dielectric membranes. The membranes deposited from hexamethyldisilazane were fabricated by structuring underlying silicon with micromachining techniques. A transition membrane-based waveguide to silicon-based for Ka-band has been designed, and characterized. rectangular evaluated realised D-band.

An easy method for increasing the substrate thickness of tapered slot antennas (TSA) is presented. With this method, three times thicker compared with conventional designs can be realized, an almost unchanged performance. The has been successfully applied to a 150-GHz TSA on quartz substrate. antenna carefully examined theoretically and measured field measurement system determine both amplitude phase radiated field. Finally, based upon our results, twin proposed investigated.

In RF and microwave engineering, vector network analyzers (VNAs) are employed to characterize one-, two- multi-port networks in terms of scattering parameters (S-parameters). Over the past years, VNA instrumentation has been established perform waveguide measurements at frequencies several hundreds GHz. At such higher frequencies, it becomes difficult verify calibration system order achieve accurate traceability International System Units (SI). systems, verification can be carried out using...

In this paper, the design and analysis of a novel coaxial type N verification standard based on an air-line is presented. The measurement uncertainty budget computed by taking into account mechanical dielectric tolerances, thus allowing determination transmission loss uncertainties standard. calculated results are obtained using commercially available electromagnetic software. data carried out for complex-valued quantities. due to different error sources according Law Propagation...

This paper describes a thermoelectric waveguide power sensor for the frequency range 75 GHz to 110 which can be calibrated in microcalorimeter. The used as transfer standard provide traceablity high calibrations. summarizes design and principle of calorimeter calibration by introducing novel measuring quantity, referred generalized efficiency standard. First results measurements performance are given.

In this paper, InP transferred electron devices of various doping profiles have been theoretically investigated for fundamental- and harmonic-mode operation at frequencies up to 260 GHz. The results are based on an efficient accurate hydrodynamic simulator, which analyzes the device under both conditions: impressed terminal voltage realistic load impedances. comparison with state-of-the-art graded profile diodes, improved performance is demonstrated modulated impurity-concentration modes operation.

Recently, a new technology process for manufacturing packaged millimeter-wave silicon IMPATT diodes has been introduced. Detailed measurement and simulation results these devices, operating in the D-band frequency range, are compared here. Results obtained rectangular, reduced height, waveguide resonators. CW RF-output power of more than 100 mW at 135 GHz 50 150 reported.

The integration of IMPATT diodes and their housing in a single technology process is discussed this paper. integrated device designed to improve reliability reproducibility compared conventional beam-lead with quartz ring housing. In step, the diode its bonded onto diamond heat sink. can be employed both waveguide resonator planar oscillator circuit. Results presented here are obtained rectangular, reduced height resonator. RF-output power levels more than 100 mW at 135 GHz 45 150 reported.

A five-element frequency doubler at 300 GHz in a quasi-optical spatial power dividing/combining circuitry has been investigated. The individual doublers are realized with GaAs-Schottky-diodes waveguide technique 4% efficiency. Holography is applied to achieve efficient transfer to/from the active devices. Preliminary measurements good agreement expected system performance.

This report summarizes the results of Key Comparison CCEM.RF-K25.W on high frequency power which has been performed between December 2010 and May 2013. In this comparison, effective efficiency calibration factor two waveguide thermistor sensors were determined by nine National Metrology Institutions (NMIs) in range 33 GHz to 50 GHz. Main text To reach main paper, click Final Report . Note that is appears Appendix B BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/ The final peer-reviewed approved...

Planar multijunction thermal converters (PMJTC) on quartz crystal chips and membranes have been fabricated. Compared to previous single-junction converters, these devices exhibit calculable smaller ac-dc voltage transfer differences in the frequency range from 1 MHz 100 along with a 3- 10-fold reduction uncertainty. Built-in Tee connectors are used avoid contribution of leads difference PMJTC chip. The different designs built-in Tees overall uncertainty standard has evaluated. budgets...

A millimeter-wave quasi-optical power combiner for a two-dimensional active array is experimentally investigated at 150 GHz. The consists of transmitting rectangular horn antenna array, dual-offset reflector setup, and receiving equal in dimensions with respect to the antennas. Both reflectors are paraboloids superimposed surface reliefs efficiently couple transmitted wave into antenna. profiles computer-generated match transformed field, calculated under physical optics approximation,...