Oscar Martínez-Perez, MD, PhD; Manon Vouga, Sara Cruz Melguizo, Laura Forcen Acebal, MD; Alice Panchaud, Mar Muñoz-Chápuli, David Baud, PhD

Importance The association between maternal medications and the macronutrient composition of human milk has not been studied. Objective To compare levels in samples from mothers treated with long-term untreated healthy disease-matched control (DMCs). Design, Setting, Participants A cross-sectional study using collected October 2014 January 2024 breastfeeding US Canada invited to participate Mommy’s Milk Human Research Biorepository at University California, San Diego. Of 3974 unique...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Marijuana is the most commonly used recreational drug among breastfeeding women. With legalization of marijuana in several US states and a 1990 study which authors documented psychomotor deficits infants breastfed by mothers using marijuana, there need for information on potential exposure to infant. Our objective with this was quantify cannabinoids human milk after maternal use. METHODS: Between 2014 2017, 50 women who reported use provided 54 breast samples...

Abstract Background Genomic RNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in the breast milk lactating women, but its pathological significance remained uncertain due to small size prior studies. Methods Breast from 110 women was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (285 samples) and viral culture (160 samples). Those containing SARS-CoV-2 (vRNA) were examined for presence subgenomic (sgRNA), a putative marker...

Background: In December 2020, two novel messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 received emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration; however, early trials excluded lactating women.

To The Editor Currently, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, American Academy of Pediatrics World Health Organization advise that women who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 may choose to breastfeed appropriate protections prevent transmission virus through respiratory droplets. (1) However, potential exposure breastfeeding is currently unknown. date, case reports on breastmilk samples from a total 24 SARS-CoV-2-infected have been published. (2-7) Of those, viral RNA was detected...

SARS-CoV-2 infections of infants and toddlers are usually mild but can result in life-threatening disease. RNA been detected the breast milk lactating women, potential role breastfeeding transmission to has remained uncertain. Breast specimens were examined for presence virus by RT-PCR and/or culture. Specimens that contained viral (vRNA) subgenomic coronavirus (sgRNA), a putative marker infectivity. Culture methods used determine thermal stability human milk. samples from 110 women (65...

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a set of complex carbohydrates and the third largest solid component human milk, after lactose lipids. To date, over 150 HMOs have been identified diversity structures produced by lactating women is influenced maternal genetics as well other maternal, infant, environmental factors. While concentrations individual shown to vary between individuals throughout course lactation, variability HMO concentration profiles following different pregnancies...

Abstract Human milk is the optimal infant nutrition. However, although human‐derived metabolites (such as lipids and oligosaccharides) in human are regularly reported, presence of exogenous chemicals drugs, food, synthetic compounds) often not addressed. To understand types compounds that might be present, ( n = 996) was analyzed by untargeted metabolomics. This analysis revealed lifestyle molecules, such medications their metabolites, industrial sources, plasticizers, cosmetics, other...

Abstract Background The chemical composition of human milk has long-lasting effects on brain development. We examined the prognostic value metabolome and exposome in children with risk neurodevelopmental delay (NDD). Methods This retrospective cohort study included 82 mother–infant pairs (40 male 42 female infants). A total 59 samples were from mothers typically developing 23 at risk. Milk collected before 9 months age (4.6 ± 2.5 months, mean SD). Neurocognitive development was assessed by...

Introduction: Human milk is the normative standard for infant/toddler nutrition. To better understand human milk's imprinting on health, and inform complex decisions about maternal medication, substance use, other exposures during lactation, researchers at University of California San Diego (UC Diego) established Mommy's Milk, a Milk Research Biorepository (HMB). Materials Methods: The HMB was founded in 2014 with goal building constant but rotating inventory 3,000 samples available future...

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with substance use later in life, including marijuana use. It is unknown whether these behaviors extend to lactating women. Our objective was examine the association between ACE and individuals determine positive (PCEs) modified this association.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are carbohydrates abundant in human breast milk. Their composition varies widely among women, and prior research has identified numerous factors contributing to this variation. However, the relationship between maternal psychological health HMO levels is currently unknown. Thus, our objective was identify whether stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms associated with HMOs.

( JAMA . 2020;324:1347) While the concern that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be transmitted to infants via breastfeeding has been raised, organizations recommend women infected with SARS-CoV-2 continue breastfeed if they so choose. There had no documented cases of transmission virus infant through breast milk and date not directly isolated from milk.

Abstract Background One potential mechanism for protection from SARS-CoV-2 in children is through passive immunity via breast milk a mother infected with the novel coronavirus. The primary objectives of this study were to establish presence SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG characterize antigenic regions proteins that reactive antibodies milk. Methods Between March 2020 September 2020, 21 women confirmed infection enrolled Mommy’s Milk. Participants donated serial samples around their time...

Table of Contents Summary What’s known on this subject One published U.S. study with 31 breastfeeding women who were vaccinated either the two available mRNA COVID-19 vaccines found that 67% experienced any side effects after dose one and 61% vaccine. What adds More than 85% 180 received an vaccine reported local or systemic symptoms, higher frequency following second dose. Few symptoms in their breastfed children. No serious adverse events noted. Contributors’ Statement Page Dr. Chambers...

Abstract Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of infant mortality worldwide. Breastfeeding helps prevent such by passive transfer maternal antibodies against gastrointestinal pathogens previously encountered the mother. The antibody secreting cells (ASC) that populate lactating mammary gland (LMG) educated in lymphoid tissues, thus they express integrin a4b7. To recruit these ASC, LMG expresses MAdCAM-1 and CCL28. Vedolizumab (vedo) blocks combinatorial epitope on a4b7, interfering with...

Lay Summary Despite a known role for α4β7 and MAdCAM-1 the recruitment of antibody secreting cells to lactating mammary gland, vedolizumab which targets integrin did not lower breastmilk IgA in mothers with IBD receiving drug. It is likely that alternatively employ α4β1 arrest on VCAM-1 also expressed by gland.

Pregnancy brings about profound changes to the mammary gland in preparation for lactation. Changes immunocyte populations that accompany this rapid remodeling are incompletely understood. We comprehensively analyzed T cells through all parous stages, revealing a marked increase CD4+ and CD8+ effector late pregnancy cell expansion was partly dependent on microbial signals included an TCRαβ+CD8αα+ with strong cytotoxic markers, located epithelium, resemble intraepithelial lymphocytes of...

Human breast milk macronutrients play a vital role in the development of breastfed infants and are known to be influenced by several factors. There is limited information on influence cannabis use during lactation these macronutrients. Given rising among lactating women with its widespread legalization, this study aimed examine association

Abstract Human milk is the optimal infant nutrition. However, while human-derived metabolites such as lipids and oligosaccharides in human are regularly reported, presence of exogenous chemicals (such drugs, food, synthetic compounds) often not addressed. To understand types compounds that might be present, (n=996) was analyzed by untargeted metabolomics. This analysis revealed lifestyle molecules medications their metabolites, industrial sources plasticizers, cosmetics, microbial molecules,...

Data on baseline rates of nonserious events in breastfed infants the general population are sparse. This results difficulty determining if there is an increase infant potentially due to prescription medication exposure through human milk. In this study, we determined prevalence consuming milk whose mothers reported no any medications, tobacco, or recreational drugs previous 14 days.