A5032449731- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Climate change and permafrost
- Climate variability and models
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche
2021-2024
Sorbonne Université
2021-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2021-2024
Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi
2023
Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales
2023
Dalhousie University
2019-2022
Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer
2021-2022
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2020-2021
University of the Western Cape
2016-2019
Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) mass mortality events (MMEs) organisms are one their main ecological impacts. Here, we show that during 2015-2019 period, Mediterranean Sea has experienced exceptional thermal conditions resulting onset five consecutive years widespread MMEs across basin. These affected thousands kilometers coastline from surface to 45 m, a range habitats taxa (50 8 phyla). Significant relationships were found...
As the world continues to warm, we see not only a steady increase in mean temperatures (IPCC 2014), but an count and duration of extreme events, known as 'marine heatwaves' (MHW;Oliver et al. 2018).These events may decimate ecosystems (Wernberg 2016) impact health fisheries (Oliver 2017).It is therefore necessary that standard definition for these be provided researchers allows comparison at global scale.The first framework allowed measurement globally was outlined by Perkins Alexander (...
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are increasing in duration and intensity at a global scale projected to continue increase due the anthropogenic warming of climate. Because MHWs may have drastic impacts on fisheries other marine goods services, there is growing interest understanding predictability developing practical predictions these events. A necessary step toward prediction develop better drivers processes responsible for development MHWs. Prior research has shown that air–sea heat flux ocean...
Climate change is transforming marine ecosystems through the expansion and contraction of species’ ranges. Sea ice loss warming temperatures are expected to expand habitat availability for macroalgae along long stretches Arctic coastlines. To better understand current distribution kelp forests in Eastern Canadian Arctic, kelps were sampled coasts species identifications percent cover. The sampling effort was supplemented with occurrence records from global biodiversity databases, searches...
Abstract Fjord systems are transition zones between land and sea, resulting in complex dynamic environments. They of particular interest the Arctic as they harbour ecosystems inhabited by a rich range species provide many societal benefits. The key drivers change European (i.e., Greenland, Svalbard, Northern Norway) fjord socio-ecological reviewed here, structured into five categories: cryosphere (sea ice, glacier mass balance, glacial riverine discharge), physics (seawater temperature,...
Marine heatwaves (MHWs), or prolonged periods of anomalously warm sea water temperature, have been increasing in duration and intensity globally for decades. However, there are many coastal, oceanic, polar, sub-surface regions where our ability to detect MHWs is uncertain due limited high quality data. Here we investigate the effect that short time series length, missing data, linear long-term temperature trends may on detection MHWs. We show detected as 10 years did not durations...
Global increases in temperature are altering land-sea gradients. Bakun (1990) hypothesized that changes within these gradients will directly affect atmospheric pressure cells associated with the development of winds and consequently impact upwelling patterns ecologically important Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS). In this study we used daily time series NOAA Optimally Interpolated sea surface (SST) ERA 5 reanalysis wind products to calculate a novel metrics related dynamics. We then...
As the mean temperatures of worlds oceans increase, it is predicted that marine heatwaves (MHWs) will occur more frequently and with increased severity. However, has been shown variables other than increases in sea water temperature have responsible for MHWs. To better understand these mechanisms driving MHWs we utilised atmospheric (ERA-Interim) oceanic (OISST, AVISO) data to examine patterns around southern Africa during coastal (<400 m from low mark; measured situ) Nonmetric...
Abstract The risk of aquatic invasions in the Arctic is expected to increase with climate warming, greater shipping activity and resource exploitation region. Planktonic benthic marine invasive species (AIS) greatest potential for invasion impact Canadian were identified 23 riskiest modelled predict their spatial distributions at pan‐Arctic global scales. Modelling was conducted under present environmental conditions two intermediate future (2050 2100) warming scenarios. Invasion...
The coastal zone of the Canadian Arctic represents 10% world’s coastline and is one most rapidly changing marine regions on planet. To predict consequences these environmental changes, a better understanding how gradients shape habitat structure in this area required. We quantified abundance diversity canopy forming seaweeds throughout nearshore (5–15 m) Eastern using diving surveys benthic collections at 55 sites distributed over 3,000 km coastline. Kelp forests were found throughout,...
Arctic fjords are considered to be one of the ecosystems changing most rapidly in response climate change. In Svalbard archipelago, experiencing a shift environmental conditions due Atlantification waters and retreat sea-terminating glaciers. These changes predicted facilitate expansion large, brown macroalgae, into new ice-free regions. The potential resilience macroalgal benthic communities these fjord systems will depend on their combined pressures from freshening glacial melt, exposure...
Abstract Marine heatwaves have profoundly impacted marine ecosystems over large areas of the world oceans, calling for improved understanding their dynamics and predictability. Here, we critically review recent substantial advances in this active area research, including exploration three-dimensional structure evolution these extremes, drivers, connection with other extremes ocean land, future projections, assessment predictability current prediction skill. To make progress on predicting...
Coastal ecosystems are more vulnerable to human activities that cause environmental changes, at both local and global scales, than the open ocean. This is particularly true in Arctic, where fast dramatic changes such as warming, reduced ice cover, permafrost thawing, increased freshwater discharge, decreased light availability on seafloor, poleward migration of temperate species will all have potential consequences benthic communities. Here, we present results gathered by Sorbonne University...
Abstract. The collection of in situ data is generally a costly process, with the Arctic being no exception. Indeed, there has been perception that lacks for sampling; however, after many years concerted effort and international collaboration, now rather well sampled cruise expeditions every year. For example, GLODAP product greater density sample points within than along equator. While this useful open ocean processes, fjords Arctic, which serve as crucially important intersections...
Abstract. The rapid environmental changes in aquatic systems as a result of anthropogenic forcings are creating multitude challenging conditions for organisms and communities. need to better understand the interaction stressors now, future, is fundamental determining response ecosystems these perturbations. This work describes an automated ex situ mesocosm perturbation system that can manipulate several variables media controlled setting. was deployed Kongsfjorden (Svalbard); within this...
Climate change and related expanding shipping activity are predicted to increase the risk of aquatic invasive species arriving in Arctic. The goal this study was predict distribution an interconnected set native non-native primary producers secondary consumers changing context. Groups were selected represent a benthic coastal Arctic food web Hudson Bay, including kelps eelgrass as (Alaria esculenta, Agarum clathratum, Saccharina latissima, Laminaria solidungula, Zostera marina), amphipods...
The importance of coastal upwelling systems is widely recognized. However, several aspects the current and future behaviors these remain uncertain. Fluctuations in temperature because anthropogenic climate change are hypothesized to affect upwelling-favorable winds expected intensify across all Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems. To better understand how may future, it necessary develop a more rigorous method quantifying this phenomenon. In paper, we use SST data wind novel detecting signals...
Abstract. Most inhabitants of the Arctic live near coastline, which includes fjord systems where socio-ecological coupling with coastal communities is dominant. It therefore critically important that key aspects fjords be measured as well possible. Much work has been done to monitor temperature and salinity, but in-depth knowledge light environment throughout lacking. This particularly problematic knowing importance for benthic ecosystem engineers such macroalgae, also play a major role in...
Abstract In South Africa, 129 in situ temperature time series of up to 43 years are used for investigations the thermal characteristics coastal seawater. They collected with handheld thermometers or underwater recorders (UTRs) and recorded at precisions from 0.5° 0.001°C. Using natural range seasonal signals variability 84 these series, their length, decadal trend, data precision were systematically varied before fitting generalized least squares (GLS) models study effect variables have on...
Abstract. Most inhabitants of the Arctic live near coastline, including fjord systems where socio-ecological coupling with coastal communities is dominant. It therefore critically important that key aspects fjords be measured as well possible. Much work has been done to monitor temperature and salinity, but an in-depth knowledge light environment throughout lacking. This particularly problematic knowing importance for benthic ecosystem engineers such macroalgae, which also play a major role...
Abstract. The rapid environmental changes in aquatic systems as a result of anthropogenic forcings are creating multitude challenging conditions for organisms and communities. need to better understand the interaction stressors now, future, is fundamental determining response ecosystems these perturbations. This work describes an situ mesocosm perturbation system that can manipulate media controlled setting on land. employed manipulated ambient water from Kongsfjorden, (Svalbard) by...