Films based on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) blended with ionic liquids (ILs) comprising different cations and anions were developed to investigate the IL influence resulting PVDF crystalline phase. Blends 25 wt % content produced by solvent casting followed evaporation at 210 °C in an air oven. Five ILs containing same cation 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium [Emim] five anion bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [TFSI] selected. The formation of phases thermal dynamic mechanical properties...

2,4,6-Triphenylpyrylium (TP(+)) forms host-guest complexes with cucurbiturils (CBs) in acidic aqueous solutions. (1)H NMR spectroscopic data indicates that complexation takes place by encapsulation of the phenyl ring at four position within CB. Formation complex CB[6] and CB[7] leads to minor shifts fluorescence wavelength maximum (lambda(fl)) or quantum yield (Phi(fl)). In sharp contrast, for CB[8], emission results simultaneous observation (lambda(fl)=480 nm, Phi(fl)=0.05) room-temperature...

Hydrotalcites are layered materials whose sheets constituted by octahedra occupied two different metals (one divalent and the other tri- or tetravalent) having oxide hydroxide at corners. The excess of positive charge is compensated anions located interlamellar space. In present work we have synthesized hydrotalcites containing zinc titanium (Zn/Ti atomic ratio in gel synthesis 6.25) that differ on absence presence sodium dodecyl sulfate spaces. Calcination these leads to a film intimately...

The steady-state, picosecond and femtosecond time-resolved emission of Sudan I within MX (M = Na+, Li+, Mg2+), NaY zeolites, MCM-41 mesoporous silica have been studied in the presence solvents. results show that rate constant initial excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) reaction trans-azoenol (trans-AZO) structure to give trans-ketohydrazone (trans-HYZ) form remains ultrafast (τ < 50 fs) as pure solution. However, these nanohosts, time necessary for a trans−cis isomerization...

A tris(bipyridine)ruthenium derivative with two terminal triethoxysilyl groups attached to one of the bipyridine ligands has been synthesized and used in combination TEOS for preparation a tris(bipyridine)ruthenium-containing mesoporous silica, using CTABr as structure-directing agent, under basic conditions at 100 °C. The resulting solids exhibited XRD patterns, isothermal gas adsorption electron-microscopy images characteristic hexagonal while presence complexes walls is manifested by...

Tin oxide nanoparticles (2-5 nm) have been structured using CTAB surfactant into mesoporous mpSnO(2) materials that exhibit lower electrical resistivity than the precursors SnO(2) and over nine orders magnitude of MCM-41 silica. The superior performance these conductive as hosts is clearly manifested by fact a conjugated polymer with 2,5-dimethoxyphenylenevinylene structure emits light at voltages below 10 V direct current when incorporated in materials, but not analogous silica or adsorbed...

The crystallization kinetics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in blends with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [Emim][Cl] has been studied as a function content up to 40 wt %. Blends were produced by solvent casting technique from diluted solutions and evaporation at temperature higher than melting point PVDF followed cooling room temperature. Polymer phase, morphology, behavior evaluated. When molten blend was crystallized melt, it observed that induces...

The electroactive characteristics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) are widely and increasingly being used in technological applications, where controlling the crystallization PVDF is utmost importance. nucleation growth crystals β or γ phases, nonelectroactive α phase, depends on a number factors that, despite studies carried out, still to be properly understood, particular, when blended with specific active fillers. In this context, ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium...

Two layered zirconium phosphates containing Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) mono- or diphosphonates and diquat, {Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)[]/ZrP/DQ(++)} Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)[]/ZrP/DQ(++), covalently attached to the phosphate layers exhibit notable photovoltaic response (the maximum V(OC), J(SC), FF were 0.093 V, 16.8 microA cm(-2) 0.33, respectively). The photocurrent spectra indicate that is due predominantly direct photoexcitation of gamma-ZrP host, diquat acting as hole electron traps, respectively, for charge separated...

Bioactive synthetic hydrogels have emerged as promising materials because they&lt;br /&gt; can provide molecularly tailored biofunctions and adjustable mechanical properties. To&lt;br mimic the mineralogical organic components of natural bone, hydroxyapatite and&lt;br a tyramine conjugate gelatine were combined in this study. The effect various amounts situ synthesized gelatine-tyramine on morphology&lt;br physical properties injectable was investigated. Mineralogical identification...

Although the [CB(11)H(12)](-) carborane does not exhibit an absorption band in UV, its triplet excited state can be generated upon 308 nm laser excitation; also unexpectedly acts as electron donor forming a charge transfer complex with methylviologen that illumination gives rise to viologen radical cation.

Organosilica spheres functionalized with two different photoactive units, diphenylanthracene, DPA@SPH, and viologen, VIO@SPH, covalently linked to the silica framework are prepared. These new materials have a uniform diameter, 300 nm for DPA@SPH 550 exhibit typical photochemical response of organic moieties. It is observed that radical cations incorporated in structure remarkably persistent. Due their morphology regular diameter do not tend aggregate they form highly regular, ordered...

In order to tailor dielectric response and electrical conductivity, novel polymer blends based on poly(vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) different fillers composed by poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), PEDOT:PSS/ionic liquids (ILs): PEDOT:PSS/N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([C2mpyr][FSI]) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([C2mpyr][TFSI]), with PEDOT:PSS/IL contents (10, 20 40 wt%) were prepared through solvent casting. The morphological,...

The authors would like to express their gratitude the Asociacion de Investigacion Optica la Comunidad Valenciana [Community of Valencia Optics Research Association] for application laser welds and to Spanish Ministry Science and Technology for its support through Project MAT2001-1123-C03-02.

Abstract We have used porous anodised Al 2 O 3 membranes as inert matrix for constructing and organizing spatially ternary donor/conductor/acceptor (DCA) systems exhibiting photovoltaic cell activity on the micrometric‐length scale. These DCA triads were built stepwise by first growing a conducting polymer inside membrane pores, thus forming nanorods that completely fill internal pore space of membrane. Then, an electron donor acceptor adsorbed one each side membrane, so they separated...

A set of fluorene copolymers designed to introduce electron donor/acceptor structures in the polymer chain that could eventually produce more efficient charge separation with long lifetimes has been prepared. To validate our approach, herein we report photoluminescence and laser flash photolysis measurements series alternating specially functionalized copolymers. The contain 9,9-dioctylfluorene N-octylcarbazole, oxadiazole, oxadiazole−octafluorobiphenyl−oxadiazole units. It appears copolymer...

Using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as the structure-directing agent, titania nanoparticles (3–5 nm) were organized into a mesoporous material (8.6 nm average pore size and 99 m 2 /g). The textural spatial structuring of studied by isothermal gas adsorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy. Dye-sensitized solar cells using exhibit one order magnitude increase in overall efficiency with respect to analogous prepared same without periodic material. This photovoltaic...

The welded joints of stainless steels always present problems for the microstructural modifications that occur in heat affected zone. Particularly, duplex very important changes when weld pool solidifies forming fundamentally ferritic structures with some austenite grain boundaries. These modifications, and those which HAZ, justify mechanical properties joint mainly plasticity, being all them influenced by processing conditions. In this work influence laser welding speed on tensile behaviour...

The influence of the inclusion organic solvent propylene carbonate (PC) in microporous membranes based on poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) P(VDF-HFP) has been studied its relevance for application those separator lithium-ion batteries. have produced through casting characterized with respect to swelling ratio originated by uptake solvent. affects porous microstructure crystalline phase both membrane types. amount crystal size as a consequence...