A5103095953- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Pulsed Power Technology Applications
- Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Acoustic Wave Resonator Technologies
- Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks
- Induction Heating and Inverter Technology
- Terahertz technology and applications
- Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics
- Laser Design and Applications
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
2015-2024
Max Planck Society
2020
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics
2020
Fusion for Energy
2016
FZI Research Center for Information Technology
2004-2009
FIZ Karlsruhe – Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure
2007
Southwest Jiaotong University
1998-2005
Helsinki Institute of Physics
2004
The European DEMO is a pulsed device with pulse length of 2 hours. functions devoted to the heating and current drive system are: plasma breakdown, ramp-up flat-top where fusion reactions occur, control during phase, finally ramp-down. EU-DEMO project was in Pre-Concept Design Phase 2014-2020, meaning that some cases, design values precise requirements from physics point view were not yet frozen. A total 130 MW considered for all phases plasma: flat top, 30 required neoclassical tearing...
The feasibility of manufacturing a 2-MW CW coaxial cavity gyrotron at 170 GHz has been demonstrated and data required for fabrication an industrial tube have obtained. An engineering design prototype started recently with the goal to provide gyrotrons microwave output power International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). critical components as electron gun, RF system will be verified under realistic conditions short pulses using experimental Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe.
The European Union is working toward providing 2-MW, coaxial-cavity, continuous-wave (cw) 170-GHz gyrotrons for ITER. Their design based on results from an experimental preprototype tube having a pulse length of several milliseconds, in operation at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK) years now. first industrial prototype was designed cw but, phase, aimed 1 s the Gyrotron Test Facility Lausanne, Switzerland, as part phased testing/development program (1 s, 60 cw). this gyrotron are reported...
Europe is devoting significant joint efforts to develop and manufacture MW-level gyrotrons for electron cyclotron heating current drive of future plasma experiments. The two most important ones are the stellarator Wendelstein W7-X at Greifswald Tokamak ITER Cadarache. While series production 140 GHz, 1 MW, CW 10-MW resonance system proceeding, European GYrotron Consortium presently developing EU-1 170 gyrotron ITER. initial design had already been initiated in 2007, as a risk mitigation...
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is doing research and development in the field megawatt-class radio frequency (RF) sources (gyrotrons) for Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) systems International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant that will follow ITER. In focus verification European coaxial-cavity gyrotron technology which shall lead to gyrotrons operating at an RF output power significantly larger than 1 MW CW above 200 GHz. A major...
This paper presents the investigation of a mirror system quasi-optical (QO) mode converter for high-power coaxial-cavity gyrotron. The consists three mirrors. first is quasi-elliptical one. Based on Katsenelenbaum-Semenov Algorithm (KSA), second and third mirrors are iteratively optimized as adapted phase-correcting to transform outgoing wave beam into fundamental Gaussian structure. shows that focal length has great influence conversion efficiency, and, hence, it should be chosen match...
This paper investigates the antenna waveguide (launcher), main component of quasi-optical mode converter a 2-MW 170-GHz TE/sub 34,19/ coaxial cavity gyrotron, which is under development within European Union. For gyrotrons operating in very high-order modes like 34,19/, due to ratio caustic radius 0.323, transformation into nearly Gaussian distribution cannot be done as good for gyrotron where approximately 0.5. The simulation results show that average and peak values power density at edges...
In the first part of this paper, status 140-GHz continuously operated gyrotrons with an output power 1 MW for stellarator Wendelstein 7-X will be described. With series tube, 1000 kW has been achieved in short pulse operation (milliseconds) electron beam current 40 A, and 1150 at 50 A. a length 3 min limited by available high-voltage (HV) supply, 920 about A efficiency 45% mode purity 97.5% obtained. At reduced 29 570 was measured 1893 s without significant increase tube pressure. The energy...
In this paper, a method for the synthesis of phase-correcting mirrors gyrotron output couplers is presented. A computer code vector analysis electromagnetic fields in mirror systems has been developed terms diffraction theory. Based on surfaces, developed. As an example, system quasi-optical (QO) mode converter 94-GHz TE6,2-mode designed. The QO consists simple, easily manufacturable Vlasov launcher, and two mirrors. Both are adapted optimized using proposed method. simulation results show...
High-power, high-frequency gyrotrons for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive, such as proposed the demonstration thermonuclear fusion reactor DEMO, require operating modes of very high order. As it is shown, selection can be based on multi-frequency operability. A general strategy derived, suitable multi-purpose with quasi-optical mode converter single-disc output window. Two examples, one them relevant future DEMO gyrotron designs, are discussed.
The European 1-MW, 170-GHz continuous wave industrial prototype gyrotron for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive on international thermonuclear experimental reactor was during 2016 under test at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) facility. In order to optimize operation, tube first thoroughly tested in short-pulse regime, with pulses that did not exceed 10 ms, a wide range operational parameters. Then, after proper conditioning tube, operation extended longer...
A numerical synthesis method for the optimization of launchers with hybrid-type wall surface high-power fusion gyrotrons is proposed in this paper. The profile such a launcher built from novel combination periodic harmonic perturbation followed by mirror-line-type deformation, so we named it launcher. has been tested to design transform TE32,9 mode ITER EU 1-MW gyrotron operating at 170 GHz. simulation results show that fundamental Gaussian content (FGMC) millimeter-wave beam radiating...
The upgraded European 1-MW, 170-GHz continuous wave (CW) industrial prototype gyrotron (TH1509U) for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive in ITER was tested at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). In this work, we report on major achievements during experimental campaigns that took place intermittently between October 2020 July 2021. clearly surpassed performance previous TH1509 tube. particular, TH1509U delivered (i) 0.9 MW 180 s pulses (maximum possible pulse...
A 1-MW, continuous wave, 170-GHz, TE32,9-mode gyrotron for use in International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is under development within the European Gyrotron Consortium. quasi-optical mode converter employed to transform high-order cavity into a fundamental Gaussian wave beam. The contains launcher and mirror system. numerically optimized provide content of 98.43% at aperture. system consists three mirrors. first quasi-elliptical mirror, second third mirrors are beam-shaping...
The development of the modular short-pulse pre-prototype as base for 2 MW, 170 GHz, CW coaxial-cavity gyrotron ITER upgrade and beyond is in progress at Karlsruhe Institute Technology (KIT). current configuration allows generation >2 MW RF output power short-pulses with a reasonable electronic efficiency approximately 30 % without depressed collector operation. Recently, experiments single-stage (SDC) have been performed. In operation overall has increased to ~48 %. Achieved results will be...
The existing ECRH system at W7-X consists of 10 gyrotrons, with output power levels ranging from 0.6 MW up to 1.0 each a frequency 140 GHz, quasi-optical transmission lines and microwave launchers the plasma vessel. Compared other large fusion experiments, has relatively low power-to-volume ratio. However high heating is particularly necessary for achieving beta values, where improved confinement fast ions, one optimization criteria W7-X, can be examined. It therefore expand systems in...
The European Gyrotron Consortium (EGYC) is responsible for developing one set of 170 GHz mm-wave sources, in support Europe's contribution to ITER. original plan targeting a 2 MW coaxial gyrotron currently under discussion, view essential delays and damages. This paper reports on the latest results plans with regard two prototypes, industrial prototype at CRPP's CW test stand modular pre-prototype KIT. was delivered CRPP end September 2011 reached an output power efficiency 45 % good RF beam...
A measurement system for determining the RF properties of quasi-optical mode converters gyrotrons operating in D- and G-bands is built. beam parameters are measured. The results compared with simulations.
Gyrotron R&D within the EUROfusion Work Package Heating and Current Drive (WPHCD) is addressing challenging requirements posed on gyrotrons by European concept for a demonstration fusion power plant (EU DEMO). These requirements, as specified WPHCD, ask highly reliable robust long-pulse operation of gyrotron, delivering 2 MW microwave at frequencies above 200 GHz with high overall efficiency 60% option fast frequency step-tunability. To meet these targets, which are clearly beyond today's...
In anticipation of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating system upgrade for the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, a 1.5 MW - 140 GHz continuous-wave gyrotron is under development. order to provide first experimental verification scientific RF and electron beam optics design with ms pulses, Karlsruhe Intitule Technology has developed short-pulse pre-prototype gyrotron. this work, we present details regarding construction as well measurements from campaign delivering up 1.6 in short pulses.