Microalgae are attracting the interest of agrochemical industries and farmers, due to their biostimulant biofertiliser properties. Microalgal biostimulants (MBS) biofertilisers (MBF) might be used in crop production increase agricultural sustainability. Biostimulants products derived from organic material that, applied small quantities, able stimulate growth development several crops under both optimal stressful conditions. Biofertilisers containing living microorganisms or natural...

Saponins, a group of glycosidic compounds present in several plant species, have aglycone moieties that are formed using triterpenoid or steroidal skeletons. In spite their importance as antimicrobial and possible benefits for human health, knowledge the genetic control saponin biosynthesis is still poorly understood. Medicago genus, hemolytic activity saponins related to nature moieties. We identified cytochrome P450 gene (CYP716A12) involved synthesis truncatula combined biochemical...

Genetic progress for forage quality has been poor in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), the most-grown legume worldwide. This study aimed at exploring opportunities marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic of traits based on breeding values parent plants. Some 154 genotypes from a broadly-based reference population were genotyped by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), phenotyped leaf-to-stem ratio, leaf stem contents protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) acid lignin (ADL), NDF digestibility after...

In this paper, we report the metabolic and molecular changes in response to cold drought induced Osmyb4 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana compared with wildtype (WT). The rice gene codes for a transcription factor (Myb4) by treatment and, plants, improves freezing tolerance [Vannini C, Locatelli F, Bracale M, Magnani E, Marsoni Osnato Mattana Baldoni Coraggio I (2004) Plant J 37: 115–127]. Here, ability of Myb4 induce also plants. By use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enzymatic assays,...

Content of bioactive saponins Medicago species suggests that they may also exert, as previously demonstrated on M. sativa, nematicidal properties exploitable for the formulation new products sustainable phytoparasitic nematode management. This study was addressed to highlight bioactivity from five different still poorly known their biological efficacy, i.e., heyniana, hybrida, lupulina, murex and truncatula, against plant parasitic nematodes Meloidogyne incognita, Xiphinema index Globodera...

In the Medicago genus, triterpene saponins are a group of bioactive compounds extensively studied for their different biological and pharmaceutical properties. this work, CRISPR/Cas9-based approach with two single-site guide RNAs was used in truncatula (barrel medic) to knock-out CYP93E2 CYP72A61 genes, which responsible biosynthesis soyasapogenol B, most abundant spp. No transgenic plants carrying mutations target gene were recovered while fifty-two putative mutant plant lines obtained...

Summary Triterpene saponins are a group of bioactive compounds abundant in the genus Medicago , and have been studied extensively for their biological pharmacological properties. In this article, we evaluated effects ectopic expression AsOXA1 cDNA from Aster sedifolius on production triterpene barrel medic ( truncatula Gaertn.). encodes β‐amyrin synthase, key enzyme involved saponin biosynthesis. One four transgenic lines expressing accumulated significantly larger amounts some triterpenic...

The antifungal properties of saponin mixtures from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) tops and roots, the corresponding prosapogenins tops, purified saponins sapogenins against causal agent rice blast Pyricularia oryzae isolates are presented. In vitro experiments highlighted a range activities, depending upon assayed metabolite. effects most promising prosapogenin mixture were confirmed by means in planta tests using three different Italian cultivars (Oryza L. ssp. japonica), known to possess...

The reinvestigation of saponin composition from Medicago arabica Italy allowed the detection nineteen (1-19) saponins. All them were purified by reverse-phase chromatography and their structures elucidated spectroscopic spectrometric (1D 2D NMR; ESI-MS/MS) chemical methods. Fourteen known saponins, previously found in other plants including species. They have been identified as glycosides oleanolic acid, 2beta,3beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic hederagenin, bayogenin soyasapogenol B. Five...

Aims: To investigate the presence of enteric viruses [hepatitis A (HAV) and norovirus (NoV)] in shellfish harvested from deltaic area Po river relation to environmental factors. Methods Results: Fortnightly sampling was carried out two lagoon areas (category B production areas) one sea A). Environmental parameters hydrometric level tributary were monitored throughout period. Samples (n = 120) analysed for bacterial (E. coli Salmonella) viral (HAV NoV) contamination; samples category before...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Spotted medic [ Medicago arabica (L.) Huds.] is a minor forage species containing saponins which are reported to be biologically active. This study assessed the concentration and composition pattern of spotted during growing season at senescence. The was based on identification quantification their constituent sapogenins. At senescence, individual saponin concentrations aerial subterranean plant organs were also determined. RESULTS: Leaf total content did not vary...

Sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) is a biennal forage legume originated from the Mediterranean basin and used for animal feeding due to its high quality palatability. Several species of Hedysarum have been considered their nutritional, pharmaceutical, biological properties, different applications reported, both human consumption nutrition. Although systematic investigation chemical constituents spp. has performed in order provide chemotaxonomic evidences genus support pharmacological...

The present work reports on the biological activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) saponins white poplar (Populus alba, cultivar 'Villafranca') cell suspension cultures. extracts from roots, aerial parts and seeds were characterized for their saponin content by means thin layer chromatography (TLC) electrospray ionisation coupled to mass spectrometry. quantitative composition different plant was determined considering aglycone moieties gas (GC) chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)...

Summary In the Medicago genus, saponins are a complex mixture of triterpene glycosides showing broad spectrum biological properties. Here we analyzed variation in sapogenin content and composition inter‐specific hybrid sativa × arborea derivatives to highlight pattern this plant organs (leaves/roots) possible mechanisms underlying it. Sativa Arborea Cross ( SAC ) leaves roots, sapogenins were evaluated using chromatographic methods. Phenotypic correlations between bio‐agronomic traits...

The chemical composition of the volatile fraction from Galium verum L. (leaves and flowers) Cruciata laevipes Opiz (whole plant), Rubiaceae, was investigated. Samples these two plant species were collected at full bloom in Val di Susa (Western Alps, Turin, Italy), distilled a Clevenger-type apparatus, analyzed by GC/FID GC/MS. A total more than 70 compounds identified, making up 92%–98% oil. Chemical investigation their essential oils indicated quite different between G. C. laevipes, both...

The protective effects for cells against chemical and UVA stress of a commercial phycocyanin (PC) food use PC extracted from Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) in phosphate buffer were assessed. purity the PC, spectrophotometrically estimated as A620/A280 confirmed by HPLC, was higher than that fractionated (2.0 vs. 1.5) but twofold less concentrated. oxygen radical antioxidant capacities (ORACs) PCs 12,141 ± 1928 32,680 3295 TE/100 g, respectively. degradation upon exposure to estimated,...

The content of nematicidal metabolites such as saponins, flavonoids and tannins in sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) suggests its potential activity. In this study, the biocidal activity 62.5-1000 μg mL-1 concentrations flavonoid tannin fractions from was assessed vitro assays on infective juveniles (J2) root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita, while suppressive effects soil amendments with 10-40 g kg-1 rates biomass were investigated potted tomato infested by M. incognita. total...

Recently, there has been a renewed interest in mountain farming, and several studies have carried out on milk cheese obtained the unique environmental conditions of Alps, 1300 km chain, located north Italy. In this paper, influence, some constituents, two very similar grasslands, both dominated by Festuca–Agrostis, was investigated. The pastures were same area southeastern Italian alpine region differed sunshine orientation exposure. Milk from cows grazing these used to produce semi-hard...