Platelets modulate hemostasis and immune responses via interactions with cells through secretion of immunemodulators cell-cell interactions. The P2Y12 receptor mediates ADP-induced aggregation in platelets.Using a mouse model intra-abdominal sepsis acute lung injury, we investigated the role neutrophil migration inflammation null mice pretreated antagonist clopidogrel. Our data show decrease circulating white blood platelet activation platelet-leukocyte treated compared untreated mice....

Abstract Periostin was originally identified in MC3T3‐E1 osteoblast‐like cells. We have an isoform of periostin referred to as periostin‐like‐factor (PLF). It is homologous other proteins such fasciclin I (fas I), MPB70, βIG‐H3, and Algal‐CAMs. All these are implicated regulating cell adhesion. PLF the isoforms differ their C‐terminal sequences. two specific regions, between 673 699 amino acids (aa) 785–812 aa. expressed vivo vitro during stages osteoblast differentiation maturation. Their...

Abstract Osteoblast development is a complex process involving the expression of specific growth factors and regulatory proteins that control cell proliferation, differentiation, maturation. In this study, we used rat mutation, osteopetrosis ( op ), to examine differences in skeletal gene between mutant normal littermates. Total RNA isolated from long bone calvaria was as template for mRNA differential display. One many cDNAs were selectively expressed either or cloned sequenced found share...

ABSTRACT Thienopyridines are a class of antiplatelet drugs that metabolized in the liver to several metabolites, which only one active metabolite can irreversibly antagonize platelet P2Y12 receptor. Possible effects these and role activated platelets inflammatory responses have also been investigated variety animal models, demonstrating thienopyridines could alter inflammation. However, it is not clear whether caused by antagonism or off-target other metabolites intervene. To address this...

Abstract Mesenchymal cell (MC) condensation or the aggregation of MCs precedes chondrocyte differentiation and is required for subsequent cartilage formation during endochondral ossification. In this study, we used micromass cultures C3H10T1/2 cells as an in vitro model system studying MC events important process. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) served initiator our were interested determining whether CTGF functions a downstream mediator TGF‐β1. matricellular protein that has been...

This study elucidates exposure-response relationships between performance of repetitive tasks, grip strength declines, and fibrogenic-related protein changes in muscles, their link to inflammation. Specifically, we examined forearm flexor digitorum muscles for connective tissue growth factor (CTGF; a matrix associated with fibrosis), collagen type I (Col1; component), transforming beta 1 (TGFB1; an upstream modulator CTGF collagen), rats performing one two or without anti-inflammatory drugs.

Members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family are shown to positively and negatively regulate platelet activation. Although positive regulatory roles extensively studied, negative PKCs poorly understood. We investigated mechanism specific isoforms involved in PKC-mediated regulation ADP-induced functional responses.A pan-PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, potentiated cPLA(2) phosphorylation thromboxane generation as well ERK activation intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)(i)) mobilization, 2 signaling...

To evaluate the high-speed anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) grading of AS inflammation in patients with ocular inflammation.A retrospective consecutive case series study. Patients clinically visible at least one eye underwent AS-OCT (Visante; Zeiss Meditec) three to eight line scans per eye, performed by a trained masked examiner. The images were reviewed for hyperreflective spots, noise, and artifact, these correlated clinical examination.Seventy-eight eyes 41 imaged....

Abstract Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) is a cysteine‐rich, extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that acts as an anabolic to regulate osteoblast differentiation and function. Recent studies have identified CTGF downstream effector of transforming factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) for certain functions in specific cell types. In this study, we examined the role mediator TGF‐β1‐induced ECM production osteoblasts. Using primary cultures, demonstrated TGF‐β1 potent inducer expression osteoblasts,...

The P2Y12 receptor plays a crucial role in the regulation of platelet activation by several agonists, which is irreversibly antagonized active metabolite clopidogrel, widely used anti-thrombotic drug. In this study, we investigated whether reduction reactivity leads to reduced inflammatory responses using rat model erosive arthritis. We evaluated effect clopidogrel on inflammation Lewis rats peptidoglycan polysaccharide (PG-PS)-induced arthritis with four groups rats: 1) untreated, 2)...

Clopidogrel and prasugrel belong to a thienopyridine class of oral antiplatelet drugs that, after having been metabolized in the liver, can inhibit platelet function by irreversibly antagonizing P2Y₁₂ receptor. Furthermore, thienopyridines influence numerous inflammatory conditions, but their effects on neutrophils have not evaluated, despite important role these cells inflammation. Therefore, we investigated effect metabolites further clarify Interestingly, metabolite mixture,...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the number one cause of chronic worldwide, with 25% these patients developing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH significantly increases risk cirrhosis and decompensated failure. Past studies in rodent models have shown that glycine-N-methyltransferase (GNMT) knockout results rapid steatosis, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma progression. However, attenuation GNMT subjects molecular basis for its impact on process still unclear. To address...

Hepatic fibrosis is the primary determinant of mortality in patients with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Transforming growth factor–β (TGFβ), a master profibrogenic cytokine, promising therapeutic target that has not yet been translated into an effective therapy part because liabilities associated systemic TGFβ antagonism. We have identified soluble folate receptor γ (FOLR3), which expressed humans but rodents, secreted protein elevated livers MASH those steatotic...

Hygromycin B, an aminocyclitol antibiotic that strongly inhibits both 70S and 80S ribosomes, is synthesized by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Ribosomes from this Gram-positive mycelial bacterium are inhibited in vitro the antibiotic. In contrast, streptomycete highly resistant to drug vivo since it possesses hygromycin B phosphotransferase activity. This enzyme has been shown gel filtration have a molecular weight of 42000, modify its substrate produce 7″-O-phosphoryl-hygromycin which totally...

Abstract Objective : To evaluate the effect of a thrombospondin 1 (TSP1)‐derived peptide on inflammation and angiogenesis in an animal model erosive arthritis to assess relationship between TSP1 connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) pathophysiology rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Erosive Lewis rats was induced by peptidoglycan‐polysaccharide (PG‐PS). Animals were divided into four groups: (1) negative control groups receiving, (2) no treatment, (3) treatment with TSP1‐derived peptide, (4)...

Current osteoinductive protein therapy utilizes bolus administration of large doses bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which is costly, and may not replicate normal healing. The limited in vivo biologic activity BMPs requires the investigation growth factors that enhance this activity. In study, we utilized C3H10T1/2 murine mesenchymal stem cell line to test hypotheses osteoactivin (OA) has comparable effects protein-2 (BMP-2), sustained either factor would result increased osteoblastic...

The lack of efficient tools to label multiple endogenous targets in cell lines without staining or fixation has limited our ability track physiological and pathological changes cells over time via live-cell studies. Here, we outline the FAST-HDR vector system be used combination with CRISPR-Cas9 allow visual studies up three proteins within same line. Our approach utilizes a novel set advanced donor plasmids for homology-directed repair streamlined workflow optimized microscopy-based...

The NMR solution structures at different levels of refinement three 2 S albumin seed proteins, the recombinant pronapin precursor from Brassica napus, RicC3 Ricinus communis and methionine-rich protein sunflower (Helianthus annuus), are described. resulting common structure consists a bundle five α-helices, folded in right-handed superhelix. is very similar to that other plant proteins: hydrophobic soybean, non-specific lipid transfer proteins amylase/trypsin inhibitors. Analogies...