Since 2008, Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae, the causal agent of bacterial canker kiwifruit has become main pathogen yellow and green fleshed kiwifruit.All major producing countries in world have been affected by this pathogen, leading to substantial economic losses.This review presents current knowledge on various aspects about origin, epidemiology, detection control strategies pv.actinidiae.

Abstract Some strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), the causal agent bacterial canker kiwifruit, produce plant hormones and toxins which alter hormonal balance result in suppression salicylic acid (SA)‐dependent defences. To determine whether Psa could be affected by stimulation SA pathway, Actinidia deliciosa A. chinensis were treated with compounds interfere this then inoculated Psa. On , stimulate pathway [SA, or its synthetic analogue, acibenzolar‐ S ‐methyl (ASM)] close...

Flowers can provide a protected and nutrient-rich environment to the epiphytic microflora, thus representing sensible entry point for pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). This bacterium colonize both male female Actinidia flowers, causing flower browning fall, systemic invasion of host plant, eventually leading its death. However, process colonization penetration into tissues has not yet been fully elucidated. In addition, presence Psa in pollen from infected role...

In recent years, different HIV antigens have been successfully expressed in plants by either stable transformation or transient expression systems. Among proteins, Nef is considered a promising target for the formulation of multi-component vaccine due to its implication first steps viral infection. Attempts express as single protein product (not fused stabilizing protein) transgenic resulted disappointingly low yields (about 0.5% total soluble protein). this work we describe system based on...

Volatile organic compounds emitted during the infection of apple (Malus pumila var. domestica) plants by Erwinia amylovora or Pseudomonas syringae pv. were studied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry, used to treat uninfected plants. Infected showed a disease-specific emission volatile compounds, including several bio-active such as hexenal isomers 2,3-butanediol. Leaf growth promotion higher resistance pathogen, expressed lower bacterial...

Since 2007, bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) has become a pandemic disease leading to important economic losses in every country where kiwifruit is widely cultivated. Options for controlling this are very limited and rely primarily on the use of bactericidal compounds, such as copper, resistance inducers. Among latter, most studied acibenzolar-S-methyl. To elucidate early molecular reaction plants (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis) Psa infection...

Ethylene interacts with other plant hormones to modulate many aspects of metabolism, including defence and stomata regulation. Therefore, its manipulation may allow pathogens overcome the host’s immune responses. This work investigates role ethylene as a virulence factor for Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), aetiological agent bacterial canker kiwifruit. The pandemic, highly virulent biovar this pathogen produces ethylene, whereas biovars isolated in Japan Korea do not. production...

Plants may represent excellent alternatives to classical heterologous protein expression systems, especially for the production of biopharmaceuticals and vaccine components. Modern vaccines are becoming increasingly complex, with incorporation multiple antigens. Approaches towards developing an HIV appear confirm this, a combination candidate Among these, HIV-Nef is considered promising target development because immune responses directed against this viral could help control initial steps...

After 20 years of steady increase, kiwifruit industry faced a severe arrest due to the pandemic spread bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). The bacterium penetrates host plant primarily via natural openings or wounds, and its is mainly mediated atmospheric events cultural activities. Since role sucking insects as vectors pathogens widely documented, we investigated ability Metcalfa pruinosa Say (1830), one most common pests, transmit Psa healthy plants in...

BACKGROUND:The bacterial canker of kiwifruit, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae (Psa), affects several cultivated Actinidia species, including A. chinensis and deliciosa.Its development is related to permissive environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, presence entry points, genetic physiological features the host plant.Moreover, also cultural practices influence, directly or indirectly, disease development. OBJECTIVE:The role agricultural on spread was...

The stage of maturity reached at harvest influence the quality consumption as well storage life, post-harvest fruit management and disease susceptibility. Often, when is performed too early, fruits might undergo a precocious softening during storage, do not reach full flavor aroma ripe. Although definition proper time recognized very important, its determination based on parameters with simple instruments. In Actinidia deliciosa, soluble solids content dry matter has been proposed indexes....

Finding, safe and reliable alternatives to fungicides is one of the most actual challenges in agriculture. In this regard, our experiment investigated effectiveness different elicitors, botanical extracts essential oils control grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) on strawberry plants. Furthermore, defence mechanisms activated plants after treatments were investigated. The trial was conducted field conditions under plastic tunnel with ‘Elsanta’. first...

Summary Although a physiological role of heat‐shock proteins (HSP) in antigen presentation and immune response activation has not been directly demonstrated, their use as vaccine components is under clinical trial. We have previously demonstrated that the structure plant‐derived HSP70 (pHSP70) can be superimposed to mammalian homologue similarly counterpart, pHSP70–polypeptide complexes activate system. It here shown pHSP70 purified from plant tissues transiently expressing influenza virus...

Bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is the most important disease of kiwifruit, threatening kiwifruit production around world. However, little known about molecular interaction between Psa and plants. To elucidate early plant response during different phases infection, gene expression in healthy or inoculated plants Actinidia chinensis was analyzed 3, 24 48 h after experimental inoculation. In addition, to understand mechanism underlying increased...

The present study aimed to isolate and characterize candidate biological control agents against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), the causal agent of kiwifruit bacterial canker. Biological represents a promising strategy reduce or complement use chemical pesticides. In case Psa, common preventive strategies rely on copper formulations. However, has some severe limitations because environmental concerns, phytotoxicity possible development resistance. is particularly hazardous during...

TAMIXAM® is a novel technology that combines hyaluronic acid and tamarind seed extract in its formulation. It designed to protect the esophageal mucosa by creating barrier through filmogenic properties. The aim of this study evaluate safety efficacy mucoadhesion tests, cell viability assay, TEER measurements, morphological analysis on reconstructed exposed 10% hydrochloric before after treatment. test highlighted synergistic bioadhesive effect technology’s components. Cell assays revealed...

Finding safe and reliable alternatives to fungicides is currently one of the biggest challenges in agriculture. In this regard, experiment investigated effectiveness different elicitors, botanical extracts essential oils control grey mold (Botrytis cinerea) powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) on strawberry plants. This trial was conducted field conditions under a plastic tunnel with plants ‘Elsanta’. A first group treated before flowering elicitors [acibenzolar-S-Methyl–(BTH), chitosan],...