A5006201975- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Sports Performance and Training
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Selenium in Biological Systems
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Peripheral Artery Disease Management
- Nuts composition and effects
- Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Texas A&M University
2017-2025
Texas A&M University System
2024
Mitchell Institute
2020-2023
University of Florida
2011-2021
University of Kentucky
2016-2020
Frenchay Hospital
1985
Pax7+ satellite cells are required for skeletal muscle fiber growth during post-natal development in mice. Satellite cell-mediated myonuclear accretion also appears to persist into early adulthood. Given the important role of development, we hypothesized that necessity adaptation an imposed hypertrophic stimulus depends on maturational age. Pax7CreER-R26RDTA mice were treated 5 days with vehicle (satellite cell-replete, SC+) or tamoxifen cell-depleted, SC-) at 2 months (young) and 4 (mature)...
Leiomyomas account for about 2% of benign tumours the lower respiratory tract. From relatively few cases reported in literature, it appears that these most commonly occur fourth decade, although one third patients are under age 20 years. The distribution leiomyomas favours distal part tracheobronchial tree and common site tracheal lesions is membranous portion third. Over 90% pulmonary parenchymal leiomyomas, which themselves more women, incidental findings on chest radiographs whereas...
Heat stress (HS) negatively impacts a variety of production parameters in growing pigs; however, the impact biological sex on HS-response is largely unknown. To address this, 48 crossbred barrows and gilts (36.8 ± 3.7 kg body weight) were individually housed assigned to one three constant environmental conditions: 1) thermoneutral (TN) (20.8 1.6 °C; 62.0 4.7 % relative humidity; n = 8/sex), 2) HS (39.4 0.6 33.7 6.3 humidity) for 1 d (HS1; or 3) 7 (HS7; 8/sex). As expected, increased rectal...
Patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) have decreased mobility, which is not fully explained by impaired blood supply to the limb. Additionally, reports are conflicted regarding fiber type distribution patterns in PAD, but agree that skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration impaired. To test hypothesis reduced oxidative activity and I negatively associated walking performance calf biopsies from non-PAD (n = 7) PAD participants 26) were analyzed immunohistochemically...
The availability of tools to accurately replicate the clinical phenotype rare human diseases is a key step toward improved understanding disease progression and development more effective therapeutics. We successfully generated first large animal model bone disease, hypophosphatasia (HPP) using CRISPR/Cas9 introduce single point mutation in tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene (ALPL) (1077 C > G) sheep. HPP inherited disorder mineral metabolism that affects tooth...
Background Peripheral artery disease ( PAD ) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis characterized by reduced blood flow to the lower extremities and mobility loss. Preliminary evidence suggests damages skeletal muscle, resulting in muscle impairments that contribute functional decline. We sought determine whether associated with an altered macrophage profile gastrocnemius muscles populations are impaired phenotype walking performance patients PAD. Methods Results Macrophages, satellite cells,...
Skeletal muscle function, aerobic capacity, and mitochondrial (Mt) function have been found to decline with age in humans rodents. However, not much is known about age-related changes Mt equine skeletal muscle. Here, we compared fiber-type composition gluteus medius triceps brachii between young (age 1.8 ± 0.1 yr, n = 24) aged 17-25 10) American Quarter Horses. The percentage of myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIX was lower muscles (gluteus, P 0.092; triceps, 0.012), while the percentages MHC I...
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to establish the role biological sex plays in circulating factors following heat stress (HS). Barrows and gilts (36.8 ± 3.7 kg body weight) were kept either thermoneutral (TN; 20.8 1.6 °C; 62.0% 4.7% relative humidity; n = 8/sex) conditions or exposed HS (39.4 0.6 33.7% 6.3% humidity) for 1 (HS1; 7 (HS7; d. Circulating glucose decreased as a main effect environment (P 0.03). non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) had an × interaction < 0.01)...
Exercise is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as metabolism upregulated to fuel muscle activity. If antioxidant systems become overwhelmed, ROS can negatively affect health and performance. Adaptation exercise through regular training has been shown improve defense against oxidative insult. Given selenium's role an antioxidant, we hypothesized that Se intake would further enhance skeletal adaptations training. Quarter Horse yearlings (18 ± 0.2 mo; 402 10...
Mechanical unloading during microgravity causes skeletal muscle atrophy and impairs mitochondrial energetics. The elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria Nox2, coupled with impairment stress protection (e.g., SIRT1, antioxidant enzymes), contribute to atrophy. We tested the hypothesis that SIRT1 activator, SRT2104 would rescue unloading-induced dysfunction. Mitochondrial function in rat gastrocnemius soleus muscles were evaluated under three conditions (10 days):...
We tested the hypothesis that, similar to humans and rodents, exercise training would enhance mitochondrial (Mt) biogenesis function in skeletal muscle of young horses. Twenty-four Quarter Horse yearlings were randomly assigned either submaximal or no forced (untrained). Biopsies collected from gluteus medius triceps brachii before after 9 wk treatment. Citrate synthase activity was lower (P < 0.0001) cytochrome c oxidase per Mt unit higher compared triceps, but neither changed over trial...
Untrained Thoroughbred horses (6 mares and 6 geldings; 11 yr [SE 1] 565 kg 11]) were used to evaluate antioxidant gene expression enzyme activity in blood skeletal muscle response prolonged exercise after receiving 2 levels of dietary selenium for 36 d: 0.1 (CON; = 6) or 0.3 mg/kg DM (SEL; 6). Horses individually fed 1.6% BW coastal bermudagrass hay, 0.4% whole oats, a mineral/vitamin premix containing no Se. Sodium selenite was added achieve either mg Se/kg the total diet. On d 35,...
Abstract Mitigation of exercise-induced stress is key interest in determining ways to optimize performance horse health. To test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product would decrease markers and inflammation young horses, Quarter Horse yearlings (mean ± SD; 9 1 mo) were randomly assigned receive either no (CON; n = 8) or 21 g/d S. (10.5 g/feeding twice daily; SCFP; 10) top-dressed on basal diet custom-formulated grain as well ad libitum...
Exercise is known to promote mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle as well enhance function and efficiency human rodent models. These adaptations help decrease exercise-associated production of reactive oxygen species, which can negatively affect health performance if antioxidant mechanisms are overwhelmed. Little about the mitochondria response exercise training growing horse or supplementation with a dietary improve function. To evaluate separate combined effects selenium (Se)...
Responses of equine skeletal muscle characteristics to growth and training have been shown differ between breeds. These differential responses may arise in part because fiber type mitochondrial density breeds, even untrained racing-bred horses. However, it is not known when these breed-specific differences manifest. To test the hypothesis that weanling Standardbreds (SB) Thoroughbreds (TB) would higher measures than Quarter Horses (QH), gluteus medius samples were collected from SB (mean ±...
Exercise is known to promote mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle as well enhance function and efficiency human rodent models. These adaptations help decrease exercise-associated production of reactive oxygen species, which can negatively affect health performance if antioxidant mechanisms are overwhelmed. Little about the mitochondria response exercise training growing horse or supplementation with a dietary improve function. To evaluate separate combined effects selenium (Se)...
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) improves oxidative stress and mitochondrial biogenesis in various species but has not been thoroughly investigated horses. We collected blood muscle samples from lightly exercising horses before 6 12 wk after receiving either soybean oil (CON; n = 5) or CLA (CLA; supplementation. Samples were analyzed for markers of characteristics, antioxidant status, stress, damage. Data using a linear model with repeated measures. In the triceps brachii (TB), citrate...
Abstract Maintenance of mitochondrial health, which is supported in part by dietary antioxidants such as selenium (Se) and vitamin E (vitE), pertinent to optimizing athletic performance. Deficiencies Se vitE negatively impact muscle health but adaptations various levels are poorly understood. Young Quarter Horses (mean ± SD: 17.6 0.9 mo) undergoing submaximal exercise training were used test the hypothesis that a proprietary antioxidant blend containing elevated yeast (EconomasE, Alltech,...
In aged humans, low-intensity exercise increases mitochondrial density, function and oxidative capacity, decreases the prevalence of hybrid fibers, lean muscle mass, but these adaptations have not been studied in horses. Effects age training on fiber type size, satellite cell abundance, volume density (citrate synthase activity; CS), (cytochrome