Purpose Identification of critical areas in presurgical evaluations patients with temporal lobe epilepsy is the most important step prior to resection. According “epileptic focus model”, localization seizure onset zones main task be accomplished. Nevertheless, a significant minority epileptic continue experience seizures after surgery (even when correctly located), an observation that difficult explain under this approach. However, if attention shifted from specific cortical location toward...

A cornerstone of theoretical neuroscience is the circuit model: a system equations that captures hypothesized neural mechanism. Such models are valuable when they give rise to an experimentally observed phenomenon -- whether behavioral or pattern activity and thus can offer insights into computation. The operation these circuits, like all models, critically depends on choice model parameters. key step then identify parameters consistent with phenomena: solve inverse problem. In this work, we...

Abstract The cortical microcircuit can dynamically adjust to dramatic changes in the strength, scale, and complexity of its input. In primary visual cortex (V1), pyramidal cells (PCs) integrate widely across space when signals are weak, but narrowly strong, a phenomenon known as contrast-dependent surround suppression. Theoretical work has proposed that local interneurons could mediate shift from cooperation competition PCs space, underlying this computation. We combined calcium imaging...

1 Abstract A cornerstone of theoretical neuroscience is the circuit model: a system equations that captures hypothesized neural mechanism. Such models are valuable when they give rise to an experimentally observed phenomenon – whether behavioral or pattern activity and thus can offer insights into computation. The operation these circuits, like all models, critically depends on choice model parameters. key step then identify parameters consistent with phenomena: solve inverse problem. In...

Abstract The visual cortex receives non-sensory inputs containing behavioral and brain state information. Here we propose a parallel between optogenetic modulations of activity characterize their impact on cell-type-specific V1 processing under common theoretical framework. We infer circuitry from large-scale recordings demonstrate that, given strong recurrent excitation, the responses imply key aspects known connectivity. In inferred models, parvalbumin-expressing (PV), but not other,...

Abstract An inhibition-stabilized network (ISN) is a of excitatory and inhibitory cells at stable fixed point firing rates for given input, which the subnetwork would be unstable if were frozen their values. It has been shown that in low-dimensional model (one unit per neuronal subtype) an ISN with single cell type, shows “paradoxical” response, lowering (raising) its steady-state rate response to addition it (inhibitory) input. This generalized multiple types: input only cells, inhibition...

Abstract Cross-orientation suppression is a classic form of contextual normalization in visual cortex, yet the degree to which cortical circuits participate computation unclear. We visualized orientation maps individual ferrets, and provided patterned optogenetic stimulation both excitatory inhibitory cells columns that either matched or were orthogonal preferred neurons recorded with electrodes. When preferring one was combined orientation, we observed less than when visually, suggesting do...

What are the principles that govern responses of cortical networks to their inputs and emergence these from recurrent connectivity? Recent experiments have probed questions by measuring two-photon optogenetic perturbations single cells in mouse primary visual cortex. A robust theoretical framework is needed determine implications for recurrence. Here we propose a novel analytical approach: formulation dependence cell-type-specific connectivity on spatial distance yields an exact solution...

Neuronal spiking activity in cortical circuits is often temporally structured by collective rhythms. Rhythmic has been hypothesized to regulate temporal coding and mediate the flexible routing of information flow across cortex. Spiking neuronal circuits, however, are non-linear systems that, through chaotic dynamics, can amplify insignificant microscopic fluctuations into network-scale response variability. In nonlinear general, rhythmic oscillatory drive induce behavior or boost intensity...

Locating and excising epileptogenic zones is the traditional treatment in pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy. Some patients, however, continue to suffer from attacks even after surgery. Therefore, new hypotheses must be formulated order account for apparent shortcomings of correctly performed surgical procedures.An approach that not field, namely complex networks, used attempt show modifying properties limbic network can lead elimination attacks, regardless location zones.The...

Abstract The ability to optogenetically perturb neural circuits opens an unprecedented window into mechanisms governing circuit function. We analyzed and theoretically modeled neuronal responses visual optogenetic inputs in mouse monkey V1. In both species, stimulation of excitatory neurons strongly modulated the activity single neurons, yet had weak or no effects on distribution firing rates across population. Thus, reshuffled network. Key statistics lay a continuum, with mice/monkeys...

Neuronal spiking activity in cortical circuits is often temporally structured by collective rhythms. Rhythmic has been hypothesized to regulate temporal coding and mediate the flexible routing of information flow across cortex. Spiking neuronal circuits, however, are non-linear systems that, through chaotic dynamics, can amplify insignificant microscopic fluctuations into network-scale response variability. In nonlinear general, rhythmic oscillatory drive induce behavior or boost intensity...

Neuronal spiking activity in cortical circuits is often temporally structured by collective rhythms. Rhythmic has been hypothesized to regulate temporal coding and mediate the flexible routing of information flow across cortex. Spiking neuronal circuits, however, are non-linear systems that, through chaotic dynamics, can amplify insignificant microscopic fluctuations into network-scale response variability. In nonlinear general, rhythmic oscillatory drive induce behavior or boost intensity...

The ability to optogenetically perturb neural circuits opens an unprecedented window into mechanisms governing circuit function. We analyzed and theoretically modeled neuronal responses visual optogenetic inputs in mouse monkey V1. In both species, stimulation of excitatory neurons strongly modulated the activity single neurons, yet had weak or no effects on distribution firing rates across population. Thus, reshuffled network. Key statistics lay a continuum, with mice/monkeys occupying...