Biomass–derived carbon materials doped with diverse heteroatoms have demonstrated huge potentials for environment and energy applications, thanks to the availability, preferable porous channel structures, excellent conductivity stability. In this work, fiberboard waste containing resin–based adhesive was selected green fabrication of N–doped catalysts without using extra N–sources. A facile two–step calcination strategy sequential carbonization activation proposed generation exposure...

Wood heat treatment is considered by many to be an eco-friendly wood modification method, given that only applied during the treatment. However, it essential recognize energy consumption can give rise various environmental challenges. Quantitative evaluation of performance a technology always challenge faced processing industry. To perform comprehensive assessment, imperative adopt life-cycle-based approach, which still very limited for heat-treated in China. This study investigated mass and...

Abstract BACKGROUND In the past decade, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lymphocyte immunophenotyping has evolved significantly. New fluorochromes, new multicolor reagents, enhanced instruments, and capacity to provide absolute cell counts using single‐platform technique have all contributed reliability of T‐cell subset measurements. this study, four gating protocols were evaluated select most robust method for enumeration. Methods: Peripheral blood specimens from 21 HIV + 20 − individuals...

Introduction Point-of-care (POC) CD4 testing can improve access to treatment by enabling decentralization and reducing patient loss-to-follow-up. As new POC technologies become available, their performance should be assessed before widespread deployment. This study reports the findings of five independent evaluations PointCare NOW system. Materials/Methods Evaluations were conducted in Southern Africa (Mozambique, South Africa) North America (Canada, USA). 492 blood samples (55 from...

Properties of heat-treated wood have been studied extensively in recent years. However, study on that has treated pressurized steam is limited, as most heat treatments are carried out atmospheric steam. The main purpose this was to explore the influence pressure chemical changes wood. Wet analysis, elemental and FTIR analysis were performed investigate cell wall components Mongolian pine Samples had lower percentages polysaccharides higher lignin compared those steam, indicating greater...

A significant worldwide mobilization effort to treat people with HIV disease began in 2003. Most guidelines for initiating antiretroviral therapy require reliable and reproducible CD4 T-cell counting. Therefore, any that improves global availability of quality managed assessment schemes enumeration is a positive achievement the clinical management AIDS on scale.The Canadian QASI-Quality Management System (QMS) has been operation over decade. More recently, QMS fine-tuned its strategy...

Abstract Sanding dust is the main source of emission during manufacturing process medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and particle size shape characteristics are fundamental properties influencing its environmental influence handling behaviors. However, there few deep comprehensive researches on morphology MDF sanding dust. In this study, morphological were explored by sieve image analyses. It was found that more than 95% inhalable particles smaller 100 μm, which poses a considerable potential...

Rice straw fiberboard was made using 12 wt % urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin as binder and 1.0 polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) 1.2 wax emulsion water retardants. The prepared fiberboards were heat-treated at 120, 150, 185, 210°C in the presence of steam a high-temperature dry kiln, respectively for 90 min. effect retardants heat treatment on resistant some mechanical properties investigated. It found that resistance rice could not be improved by adding emulsion. use pMDI to...

Exceptionally robust cell preparations are needed for quality assessment programs (QAPs) such as the International Program Quality Assessment and Standardization Immunological Measures (QASI) relevant to HIV/AIDS. A suitable product must withstand environmental stress related transportation a minimum of 6 days. The two objectives this study (1) evaluate performance various commercial with multicenter participation (2) robustness stabilized blood products.Phase 1: products was evaluated in...

Abstract The single‐platform absolute T‐lymphocyte subset analysis was evaluated utilizing a universal protocol in Canadian multicenter study with the collaboration of members HIV Trials Network (CTN). Participants used flow cytometers and reagents their choice for labeling lysing whole blood. Over 2‐year period, CTN laboratories performed enumerations on fresh commercial stabilized blood products using commercially available microfluorospheres TruCount Flow‐Count. This evaluation...

Abstract Background: Efforts to improve alternative CD4 T‐cell counting methods are critical accelerate the implementation of HIV antiretroviral therapy in resources limited regions. Substituting liquid format reagents eliminate cold‐chain transportation and refrigerated storage with dry contributes higher efficiency supply management solution especially for laboratories at remote locations. ReaMetrix has developed reagent kits compatible FACSCount system, a dedicated flow cytometer subset...

Background CD4 T cell enumeration is the most widely used prognostic marker for management of HIV disease. Internal quality control and external assessment (EQA) programs are critical to ensure reliability clinical measurements. The utility stabilized whole blood products (SWBP) as a test reagent EQA such Quality Assessment Standardization Immunological measures relevant HIV/AIDS (QASI) program have been demonstrated previously. Since then, several new commercial SWBPs alternative...

Summary The dynamic responses of an anisotropic poroelastic half‐space under internal point load and fluid source are investigated in the frequency domain this paper. By virtue Fourier transform Stroh formalism, three‐dimensional (3D) general solutions Biot's coupling dynamics equations derived domain. Considering two surface conditions, permeable impermeable, analytical for displacement fields pore pressure a (point or source) obtained. When material properties isotropic, numerical results...

Wood heat treatment has been generally accepted as an effective wood modification technology it improves the dimensional stability and biological durability of wood. However, property improvements are obtained at cost reduced mechanical properties. In this study, heat-treated Douglas fir with thermally modified shell unchanged inner core was prepared by surface heating to make possible broader applications Colour comparison, dynamic vapor sorption analysis were performed characterize...

A circular saw blade is a commonly used tool in wood processing. The transverse vibration of the plays an important role processing quality during cutting and affects its service life as well. In study, was investigated at constant rotation by simulation using ANSYS software when changing cantilever length woodworking CNC machine. Meanwhile, without with load explored eddy current sensors for detection point differently away from center blade. time domain, probability density distribution,...

Abstract Wood dust produced in medium-density fiberboard (MDF) processing is a major occupational hazard wood industry and may damage equipment. In many factories, collecting systems need to be optimized for the distributional morphological characteristics of workshop so that economical efficient control can achieved. this study, weighting, image analysis scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were applied explore effects different cutting speeds on distribution morphology generated MDF milling....

Hybrid poplar boards were subjected to thermo-mechanical densification combined with heat treatment. Hydroscopicity and hygroscopicity of the treated samples measured. The results showed that dimensional stability was influenced by compression set significantly. higher set, greater swelling samples. On contrary, influence temperature duration not significant. Thermal modification significantly reduced hydroscopicity Both treatment longer holding time resulted in better stability.

Moisture content (MC) has an important effect on the performance of wood in service. In attempt to rapidly and non-destructively acquire MC heat-treated wood, a radio frequency-type moisture meter was used take 170, 185, 200 °C Manchurian ash Mongolian pine samples as well reference (conventional kiln-dried) samples. A linear regression analysis applied assess relationship between values obtained using those oven-dry method by fitting data points according least squares method. From results...

Abstract The hazards of dust are receiving increasing attention with the application bamboo industrialization. This study focuses on morphological characteristics and formation mechanisms milling from raw (RB), dried (DB), thermally modified (TMB) treated at temperatures 160°C, 190°C, 220°C. particle size distribution, area-equivalent diameter, minimum Feret aspect ratio, roundness, convexity were investigated by using sieving flatbed scanning image methods to analyze their characteristics....