Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact short-term loan (STL) vs long-term (LTL) on wheat productivity small farms in Sindh, Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach econometric estimation based cross-sectional data collected 2016 from 18 villages three districts, i.e. Shikarpur, Sukkur and Shaheed Benazirabad, sample set consist 180 farmers. were analyzed through different techniques like Cobb–Douglas production function Instrumental variables (two-stage least squares)...

Credit is highly demanded in different parts of the world, mainly for capital requirement to improve land, purchase main agricultural inputs including fertilizers, seeds, pesticides, and farm machinery. The purpose this study was examine farmers’ access credit: does collateral matter or cash flow matter?—evidence from Sindh province Pakistan. random sampling technique used collected data 300 rural households through a face-to-face interview. To find important factors affecting credit...

Taking Chinese listed companies in 2008–2015 as the sample, this paper we test detail impact of female directors on corporate environmental investments. Furthermore, study investment enterprises with different types ownership and industry attributes. Empirical studies show that when there are only 1 or 2 board, no significant scale can be seen. However, number reaches at least 3, have a significantly positive investment. This confirms critical-mass theory; meanwhile, find empirical results...

In recent years, the Chinese logistics industry has experienced rapid development. However, this expansion is accompanied by significant challenges, including high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Despite these issues, key factors improving firms’ green innovation remain insufficiently explored. This study fills gap utilizing Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework as a foundation, introducing comprehensive analytical model to investigate dynamics of in companies....

Agencies can reduce problems by adopting a governance structure of multiple large shareholders. However, shareholders may collude, thereby reducing the behavior that create long-term value for company. This paper uses sample companies listed on Shenzhen and Shanghai stock exchanges between 2008 2017 to investigate relationship corporate environmental protection investment (CEPI). We find will significantly CEPI. Specifically, external supervision company's ownership affect In addition, after...

Haze pollution affects not only regular production and normal consumption but also economic vitality fluctuations. Using panel data on 254 cities in China at the prefecture level from 2000 to 2016, we investigate characteristics mechanisms of haze that affect We find can inhibit fluctuations, which is robust even after considering endogeneity, substituting variables, taking spatial correlation into account. After employing a mediating effect model, fluctuations through channels reducing...

We study the high-speed rail (HSR) substitution for air travel through demand shocks triggered by two HSR events: launch of Beijing-Shanghai rails (the "Jing-hu" HSRs) and Wenzhou train accident. One novelty our data is that events are exogenous to airline industry, alleviating common endogeneity concern. Using a difference-in-difference approach, we find some evidence based on pattern airfare adjustments during sample period. Specifically, compared those in control group, mean airfares...

Purpose This paper takes listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 1998 to 2013 as a research sample, investigating role played by corruption financial development, along with interactions between two, determining factors of company’s capital structure China’s legal environment. The aims discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Using data regional level China during 1998-2013 STATA process (xtabond2 command) developed Roodman (2006) implement two-step GMM...

Prior studies have fully explored the impacts of rural labor migration on land use forms. In contrast to prior studies, this study focuses health status households and its quantitative cropland abandonment (CA). More specifically, under guidance theoretical mechanism “household affects CA by supply”, employs survey data from 8031 collected in 27 Chinese provinces 2014 explore household CA. The results are as follows. (1) higher level is, less there is. (2) Compared with males, impact female...

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between dialect diversity and foreign direct investment (FDI) using a dataset of 230 Chinese cities for period 2000–2014. We find that FDI absorption are negatively correlated. However, this negative disappears gradually over time. Several underlying mechanisms identified. In particular, it is found impedes human capital development hence obstructs absorption. Our results also show there threshold spatial spillover effects. research increases...

Understanding the formation mechanism of farmers’ farmland value expectations not only helps to evaluate land resource allocation behaviors, but also enables government create better policies that can effectively guide and manage expectations. Based on cross-sectional data from 2015 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) rural residents, we used quantitative analysis models identify effect expropriation experiences their expectations, mechanisms this effect. We found after experiencing...

Based on the panel data of China's prefecture-level cities in 2007-2013, this paper empirically studies relationship between public health expenditure and labour productivity from perspective brain cognition, distinguishes non-agricultural agricultural productivity. Results show that is conducive to improving plays a significant role promoting through people’s cognitive abilities. Further analysis shows has greater impact areas with lower economic development, which may be due differences...

Using annual data from 1997–2014 of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, subdividing trended cyclical volatility macroeconomics inflation, considering different indicators financial development structure, this paper investigated the impact structure on macroeconomic volatility. The empirical results found that (1) previous period had a significantly positive current period, was greater than volatility; (2) negative through inflation volatility, but would amplify markets have...

Few studies have discussed the relationship between employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Using a sample of 895 A-share public firms in China, this research examines effects ESOPs on CSR, moderating wedge structure firm size relationship. This mainly used OLS model to test hypotheses, all regressions were performed Stata15. The results show that Chinese provide external economic incentives internal psychological for employees, increase their...

Studying the sustainability of financial performance Chinese listed companies is an assessment their future development capability and a comprehensive evaluation all aspects over past period time. Based on data manufacturing industry from 2008 to 2015, this paper uses AHP (Analytic hierarchy process) method determine weight each secondary indictor, calculate sustainable performance, analyze compare sub-industries. The long-term trend periodical in are analyzed through HP (High-Pass) filter...

Using the panel data of 30 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China from 1997 to 2013, taking different finance development financial structure indexes into consideration, paper systematically investigate impact on carbon emission.The results empirical research show: (1) The efficiency at a provincial level, Eastern regions, has significant effect emission, illustrating an inverted Ushaped relationship, but scale Central Western illustrates U-shaped relationship.(2) Stock market...