A5090300664- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Industrial Gas Emission Control
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Fluid Dynamics and Mixing
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms
- Fluid Dynamics Simulations and Interactions
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Water Quality and Pollution Assessment
- Marine and Offshore Engineering Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Marine and fisheries research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
Goddard Space Flight Center
2024
Science Systems and Applications (United States)
2024
Harvard University
2012-2023
Harvard University Press
2012-2018
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2011-2017
Harvard College Observatory
2015
University of Virginia
2007-2014
Florida State University
2011
University of North Carolina Wilmington
2005
Breaking waves on the ocean surface produce bubbles that, upon bursting, inject seawater constituents into atmosphere. Nascent aerosols were generated by bubbling zero‐air through flowing within an RH‐controlled chamber deployed at Bermuda and analyzed for major chemical physical characteristics. The composition of feed was representative surrounding ocean. Relative size distributions inorganic aerosol similar to those in ambient air. Ca 2+ significantly enriched relative (median factor =...
Abstract. We describe the Harvard–NASA Emission Component version 1.0 (HEMCO), a stand-alone software component for computing emissions in global atmospheric models. HEMCO determines from different sources, regions, and species on user-defined grid can combine, overlay, update set of data inventories scale factors, as specified by user through configuration file. New emission at any spatial temporal resolution are readily added to be accessed without preprocessing files or modification...
Abstract Rivers discharge 28 ± 13 Mmol yr −1 of mercury (Hg) to ocean margins, an amount comparable atmospheric deposition the global oceans. Most Hg discharged by rivers is sequestered burial benthic sediment in estuaries or coastal zone, but some evaded atmosphere and exported open ocean. We investigate fate riverine developing a new 3‐D simulation for Massachusetts Institute Technology general circulation model. The model includes plankton dynamics carbon respiration (DARWIN project...
Abstract. A parameterization for the size- and composition-resolved production fluxes of nascent marine aerosol was developed from prior experimental observations extrapolated to ambient conditions based on estimates air entrainment by breaking wind-driven ocean waves. Production particulate organic carbon (OCaer) parameterized Langmuir equilibrium-type association matter bubble plumes in seawater resulting as constrained measurements produced productive oligotrophic seawater. This novel...
Abstract. Global modeling of atmospheric chemistry is a grand computational challenge because the need to simulate large coupled systems ∼100–1000 chemical species interacting with transport on all scales. Offline models (CTMs), where continuity equations are solved using meteorological data as input, have usability advantages and important vehicles for developing knowledge that can then be transferred Earth system models. However, they generally not been designed take advantage massively...
Abstract. The GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model (CTM), used by a large atmospheric chemistry research community, has been re-engineered to also serve as an module for Earth system models (ESMs). This was done using System Modeling Framework (ESMF) interface that operates independently of the scientific code, permitting exact same code be ESM or stand-alone CTM. In this manner, continual stream updates contributed CTM user community is automatically passed on module, which remains...
Abstract. We present a full-year online global simulation of tropospheric chemistry (158 coupled species) at cubed-sphere c720 (∼12.5×12.5km2) resolution in the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Model version 5 system model (GEOS-5 ESM) with GEOS-Chem as chemical module (G5NR-chem). The within GEOS uses exact same code offline transport (CTM) developed by large atmospheric research community. In this way, continual updates to CTM that community can be seamlessly passed on module, which...
Global simulations of atmospheric chemistry are commonly conducted with off-line chemical transport models (CTMs) driven by archived meteorological data from general circulation (GCMs). The approach has advantages simplicity and expediency, but incurs errors due to temporal averaging in the archive inability reproduce GCM algorithms exactly. CTM simulation is also often at coarser grid resolution than parent GCM. Here we investigate this cascade using 222Rn-210Pb-7Be tracer offline GEOS-Chem...
Abstract. Volatile inorganic and size-resolved particulate Cl- Br-species were measured in near-surface air over a broad range of conditions within four distinct regimes (European – EURO, North African N-AFR, the Intertropical Convergence Zone ITCZ, South Atlantic S-ATL) along latitudinal gradient from 51° N to 18° S through eastern Ocean. Median dry-deposition fluxes sea salt, oxidized N, non-sea-salt varied by factors 25, 17, 9, respectively, among regimes. Sea-salt production was primary...
Abstract. The NERC UK SOLAS-funded Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe) programme comprised three field experiments. This manuscript presents an overview of measurements made within two simultaneous remote experiments conducted tropical North Atlantic May and June 2007. Measurements were from mobile one ground-based platforms. heavily instrumented cruise D319 on RRS Discovery Lisbon, Portugal to São Vicente, Cape Verde back Falmouth, was used characterise spatial...
Abstract. Observations and model calculations indicate that highly non-linear multiphase atmospheric processes involving inorganic Cl Br significantly impact tropospheric chemistry composition, aerosol evolution, radiative transfer. The sensitivity of global to the production marine associated activation cycling was investigated using a size-resolved coupled chemistry–global climate (National Center for Atmospheric Research's Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) v3.6.33). Simulated results...
Physical and biogeochemical processes in seawater controlling primary marine aerosol (PMA) production composition are poorly understood associated with large uncertainties estimated fluxes into the atmosphere. PMA was investigated biologically productive NE Pacific Ocean oligotrophic regions of NW Atlantic Ocean. Physicochemical properties model PMA, produced by aeration fresh under controlled conditions, were quantified. Diel variability mass number observed waters, increasing following...
The impact of sea spray aerosols on global climate remains one the most uncertain components aerosol–radiation–climate problem, but has received less attention than impacts terrestrial and anthropogenic aerosols. last decade produced a large body information regarding sources composition marine aerosols, resulting in reassessment complex role that particles play various geophysical phenomena. As aerosol contributes substantially to preindustrial, natural background which provides baseline...
Surfactants account for minor fractions of total organic carbon in the ocean but can significantly influence production primary marine aerosol particles (PMA) at sea surface via modulation bubble tension. During September and October 2016, model PMA (mPMA) were produced from seawater by bursting bubbles two biologically productive oligotrophic stations western North Atlantic Ocean. Total concentrations surfactants extracted mPMA quantified characterized measurements tension isotherms...
Abstract Kinetic integration of large and stiff chemical mechanisms is a computational bottleneck in models atmospheric chemistry. It requires implicit solution the coupled system kinetic differential equations with time‐consuming construction inversion Jacobian matrix. We present here new version Pre‐Processor (KPP 3.0.0) for fast kinetics featuring range improvements over previous versions performance, diagnostics, versatility, community openness. KPP 3.0.0 includes adaptive auto‐reduction...
Abstract The oceans hold a massive quantity of organic carbon, nearly all which is dissolved and more than 95% refractory, cycling through the several times before complete removal. vast reservoir refractory carbon (RDOC) critical component global cycle that relevant to our understanding fundamental marine biogeochemical processes role in climate change with respect long‐term storage sequestration atmospheric dioxide. Here we show RDOC includes surface‐active matter can be incorporated into...
Biogenic lipids and polymers are surveyed for their ability to adsorb at the water–air interfaces associated with bubbles, marine microlayers particles in overlying boundary layer. Representative ocean biogeochemical regimes defined order estimate local concentrations major macromolecular classes. Surfactant equilibria maximum excess then derived based on a network of model compounds. Relative coverage upward mass transport follow directly, specific chemical structures can be placed into...
Abstract Model primary marine aerosol (mPMA) was produced by bubbling clean air through flowing natural seawater in a high‐capacity generator deployed on ships the eastern North Pacific and western Atlantic Oceans. Physicochemical properties of mPMA were quantified to characterize factors that modulated production. Differences surfactant organic matter (OM) associated including surface tension sustained plumes with smaller bubble sizes, slower rise velocities, larger void fractions, older...
Marine refractory dissolved organic carbon is emitted to the atmosphere in primary marine aerosol.
Abstract. Chemistry plays an indispensable role in investigations of the atmosphere; however, many climate models either ignore or greatly simplify atmospheric chemistry, limiting both their accuracy and scope. We present development evaluation online global chemical model BCC-GEOS-Chem v1.0, coupling GEOS-Chem transport (CTM) as chemistry component Beijing Climate Center general circulation (BCC-AGCM). The includes detailed tropospheric HOx–NOx–volatile organic...
Abstract. We describe the Harvard-NASA Emission Component version 1.0 (HEMCO), a stand-alone software component for computing emissions in global atmospheric models. HEMCO determines from different sources, regions and species on user-specified grid can combine, overlay, update set of data inventories scale factors, selected by user library through configuration file. New emission at any spatial temporal resolution are readily added to be accessed without pre-processing files or modification...