A5072651770- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Crystallography and Radiation Phenomena
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Optical Systems and Laser Technology
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
European Organization for Nuclear Research
2015-2024
Instituto de Física Corpuscular
2022
GANIL
2016-2017
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
2014
MAX IV Laboratory
2009
Linköping University
2006
United States Army Medical Command
1969
The future opportunities for high-density QCD studies with ion and proton beams at the LHC are presented. Four major scientific goals identified: characterisation of macroscopic long wavelength Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties unprecedented precision, investigation microscopic parton dynamics underlying QGP properties, development a unified picture particle production from small (pp) to large (nucleus--nucleus) systems, exploration densities in nuclei broad ($x$, $Q^2$) kinematic range...
Abstract The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has performed first measurement $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\mathrm{TeV}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>13</mml:mn><mml:mspace /><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> of $$\rho $$ xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi></mml:math> parameter, real to imaginary ratio nuclear elastic scattering amplitude $$t=0$$...
The CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is designed to collide proton beams of unprecedented energy, in order extend the frontiers high-energy particle physics. During first very successful running period 2010--2013, LHC was routinely storing protons at 3.5--4 TeV with a total beam energy up 146 MJ, and even higher stored energies are foreseen future. This puts extraordinary demands on control losses. An un-controlled loss tiny fraction could cause superconducting magnet undergo transition into...
Opportunities for searches phenomena beyond the Standard Model (BSM) using heavy-ions beams at high energies are outlined. Different BSM proposed in last years collisions of heavy ions, mostly Large Hadron Collider, summarized. A few concrete selected cases reviewed including axion-like particles, anomalous $\tau$ electromagnetic moments, magnetic monopoles, and dark photons. Expectations achievable sensitivities these coming given. Studies CP violation hot dense QCD matter connections to...
The concept of crystal collimation relies on the use bent crystals to coherently deflect positively charged particles with suitable impact conditions by trapping them in potential well generated adjacent crystalline planes. resulting deflection is much higher than what can be achieved multiple scattering amorphous materials. For this reason, technique has been explored past decades for applications particle accelerators. In particular, a full test stand was installed betatron insertion Large...
The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has performed first measurement $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV of $ρ$ parameter, real to imaginary ratio nuclear elastic scattering amplitude $t=0$, obtaining following results: $ρ= 0.09 \pm 0.01$ and 0.10 0.01$, depending on different physics assumptions mathematical modelling. unprecedented precision measurement, combined with total cross-section measurements in an energy range larger than 10 (from 2.76 13 TeV), implied exclusion all models classified published by...
Full beam-based alignment of the LHC collimation system was a time-consuming procedure (up to 28 hours) as collimators were set up manually. A yearly campaign has been sufficient for now, although in future due tighter tolerances this may lead decrease cleaning efficiency if machine parameters such beam orbit drift over time. Automating collimator setup can reduce time and allow more frequent alignments, therefore reducing risk performance degradation. This article describes design testing...
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is built to collide intense proton beams with an unprecedented energy of 7 TeV. design stored per beam 362 MJ makes the LHC highly destructive, so that any losses risk cause quenches superconducting magnets or damage accelerator components. Collimators are installed protect machine and they define a minimum normalized aperture, below which no other element allowed. This imposes limit on achievable luminosity, since when squeezing β* (the β-function...
Electromagnetic interactions between colliding heavy ions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) CERN will give rise to localized beam losses that may quench superconducting magnets, apart from contributing significantly luminosity decay. To quantify their impact on operation of collider, we have used a three-step simulation approach, which consists optical tracking, Monte Carlo shower simulation, and thermal network model heat flow inside magnet. We present results for case...
A good understanding of the luminosity performance in a collider, as well reliable tools to analyse, predict, and optimise performance, are great importance for successful planning execution future runs. In this article, we present two different models evolution beam parameters heavy-ion colliders. The first, Collider Time Evolution (CTE) is particle tracking code, while second, Multi-Bunch Simulation (MBS), based on numerical solution ordinary differential equations parameters. As...
The first run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN was very successful and resulted in important physics discoveries. One way increasing luminosity a collider, which gave significant contribution to LHC performance can be used even if beam intensity cannot increased, is decrease transverse size interaction points by reducing optical function ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{*}$. However, when doing so, becomes larger final focusing system, could expose its aperture losses. For LHC, designed...
Monte Carlo shower simulations are essential for understanding and predicting the consequences of beam losses in high-energy proton ion colliders. Shower routinely used at CERN estimating beam-induced energy deposition, radiation damage, radioactivity Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Comparing these against loss measurements is an important prerequisite assessing predictive ability model calculations. This paper validates fluka simulation predictions monitor (BLM) signals BLM from fills 3.5 4...
We report the first observations of beam losses due to bound-free pair production at interaction point a heavy-ion collider. This process is expected be major luminosity limit for CERN Large Hadron Collider when it operates with (208)Pb(82+) ions because localized energy deposition by lost may quench superconducting magnet coils. Measurements were performed BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion (RHIC) during operation 100 GeV/nucleon (63)Cu(29+) ions. At RHIC, rate, and magnetic field are low enough so...
In the years 2009-2013 Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has been operated with top beam energies of 3.5 TeV and 4 per proton (from 2012) instead nominal 7 TeV. The currents in superconducting magnets were reduced accordingly. To date only seventeen beam-induced quenches have occurred; eight them during specially designed quench tests, others injection. There not a single beam- induced normal collider operation stored beam. conditions, however, are expected to become much more challenging after...
The data produced at the particle physics experiments Large Hadron Collider (LHC) contain not only signals from collisions, but also a background component proton losses around accelerator. Understanding, identifying and possibly mitigating this machine-induced is essential for an efficient taking, especially some new searches. Among sources of are hadronic electromagnetic showers on nearby collimators due to beam-halo cleaning. In article, first dedicated LHC measurements type presented....
Abstract This document summarises proposed searches for new physics accessible in the heavy-ion mode at CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), both through hadronic and ultraperipheral γγ interactions, that have a competitive or, even, unique discovery potential compared to standard proton–proton collision studies. Illustrative examples include particles—such as axion-like pseudoscalars, radions, magnetic monopoles, long-lived particles, dark photons, sexaquarks matter candidates—as well such...
During Long Shutdown 1, 18 Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collimators were replaced with a new design, in which beam position monitor (BPM) pick-up buttons are embedded the collimator jaws. The BPMs provide direct measurement of orbit at collimators, and therefore can be used to align more quickly than using standard technique relies on feedback from losses. Online measurements also allow for reducing operational margins collimation hierarchy placed specifically cater unknown drifts, decreasing...
The time evolution of beam losses during a collimator scan provides information on halo diffusion and population. This is an essential input for machine performance characterization the design collimation systems. Beam measurements in CERN Large Hadron Collider were conducted through scrapings dedicated study first at 4 TeV. Four scans performed with two collimators, vertical plane 1 horizontally 2, before after bringing beams into collisions. Inward outward steps performed. A model was used...
The limiting locations of the present LHC machine in terms losses on cold magnets are dispersion suppressors (DS) downstream betatron collimation insertion (IR7). These dominated by off-energy protons that have bypassed upstream secondary system and lost where starts to rise. A solution under consideration for intercepting these is addition new collimators dispersive area. This paper discusses first a proposition layout DS, space made replacing an existing dipole shorter stronger magnets....
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered global user community working fundamental particle physics and hadronic matter at extreme temperature density. To sustain extend its discovery potential, LHC will undergo major upgrade 2020s. This increase rate collisions by factor five beyond original design value integrated luminosity ten. configuration, known as High...
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN pushes forward to new regimes in terms of beam energy and intensity. In view the combination very energetic intense beams together with sensitive machine components, particular superconducting magnets, LHC is equipped a collimation system provide protection intercept uncontrolled losses. Beam losses could cause magnet quench, or worst case, damage hardware. system, which optimized good proton beams, has shown cleaning efficiency heavy-ion worse by up...