Significance Uncovering the role of defective metabolism in Parkinson’s disease (PD) may lead to discovery disease-modifying therapies. We recently linked branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) with PD, yet underlying mechanisms were unknown. now report unexpected finding that BCAA metabolic dysfunction causes Parkinson’s-like motor deficits and neurodegeneration by inducing a state hyperactive mitochondria. found type 2 diabetes medication metformin is able rescue neuronal viability reducing...

3D printing of composite materials offers an opportunity to combine the desired properties with flexibility additive manufacturing in geometric shape and complexity. In this paper, shear-induced alignment aluminum oxide nanowires during stereolithography was utilized fabricate a nanowire reinforced polymer composite. To align fibers, lateral oscillation mechanism implemented combined wall pattern technique generate shear flow both vertical horizontal directions. A series specimens were...

In this paper, we reported a new approach for particle assembly with acoustic tweezer during three-dimensional (3D) printing the fabrication of embedded conductive wire 3D structures. A hexagon shaped was incorporated Digital Light Processing (DLP) based stereolithography (SLA) printer to pattern lines via aligning and condensing nanoparticles. The effect filler content on electrical resistivity thickness were studied copper, magnetite nanoparticles, carbon nanofiber reinforced nanocomposite...

A novel model is presented to study red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis at cellular level. Under high shear rates, pores form on RBC membranes through which hemoglobin (Hb) leaks out and increases free Hb content of plasma leading hemolysis. By coupling lattice Boltzmann spring connected network models immersed boundary method, we estimate a single under various rates. First, use adaptive meshing find local strain distribution critical sites membranes, then apply underlying molecular dynamics...

The inflammatory response in endothelial cells (ECs) leads to an increase vascular permeability through the formation of gaps. However, dynamic nature and external factors involved is still elusive. In this work, we use a biomimetic blood vessel (BBV) microfluidic model measure real-time change EC layer under culture physiologically relevant flow conditions. This platform studies dynamics characterizes when triggered with agent using tracer molecules three different sizes, results are...

Nanodrug-carrier delivery in the blood stream is strongly influenced by nanoparticle (NP) dispersion. This paper presents a numerical study on NP transport and dispersion red cell (RBC) suspensions under shear channel flow conditions, utilizing an immersed boundary fluid-structure interaction model with lattice Boltzmann fluid solver, elastic membrane particle motion driven both hydrodynamic loading Brownian dynamics. The can capture multiphase features of flow. Simulations were performed to...

We recently linked branched-chain amino acid transferase 1 (BCAT1) dysfunction with the movement disorder Parkinson's disease (PD), and found that RNAi-mediated knockdown of neuronal bcat-1 in C. elegans causes abnormal spasm-like 'curling' behavior age. Here we report development a machine learning-based workflow its application to discovery potentially new therapeutics for PD. In addition simplifying quantification maintaining low data overhead, our simple segment-train-quantify platform...

To quantify the transport and adhesion of drug particles in a complex vascular environment, computational fluid particle dynamics (CFPD) simulations blood flow particulate were conducted three different geometries representing human lung vasculature for steady pulsatile conditions. A fully developed profile was assumed as inlet velocity, lumped mathematical model used calculation outlet pressure boundary condition. receptor-ligand to simulate binding probability. The results indicate that...

Women's reproductive cessation is the earliest sign of human aging and caused by decreasing oocyte quality. Similarly, C. elegans' reproduction declines in mid-adulthood quality decline. Aberrant mitochondrial morphology a hallmark age-related dysfunction, but role dynamics unclear. We examined requirements for fusion fission oocytes both wild-type worms long-lived, long-reproducing insulin-like receptor mutant daf-2. find that normal requires fission, daf-2 mutants utilize shift towards not...

The deformability of cells has been used as a biomarker to detect circulating tumor (CTCs) from patient blood sample using microfluidic devices with microscale pores. Successful separations CTCs requires careful design the micropore size and applied pressure. This paper presented parametric study cell squeezing through micropores different Different membrane compressibility modulus was characterize varying cancer cells. Nucleus effect also considered. It shows that translocation time though...

Ce Lab enables high-throughput C. elegans lifespans, reproductive spans, progeny count assays and body size measurements. Adult treatment of metformin at low dose increases RS, the nutrient-sensing mTOR pathway mutant sgk-1 reproduces until death.

Reproduction comes at a cost, including accelerated death. Previous studies of the interconnections between reproduction, lifespan, and fat metabolism in C. elegans were predominantly performed low-reproduction conditions. To understand how increased reproduction affects lifespan metabolism, we examined mated worms; find that Δ9 desaturase, FAT-7, is significantly up-regulated. Dietary supplementation oleic acid (OA), immediate downstream product FAT-7 activity, restores storage completely...

Pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann methods (LBMs) can simulate a phase transition in high-density ratio multiphase flow systems. If coupled with thermal LBMs through equation of state, they be used to study instantaneous phenomena high-temperature gradient where only one set formulations an LBM system handle liquid, vapor, transition, and heat transport. However, at lower temperatures unrealistic spurious current the interface introduces instability limits its application real system. In this...

Overlapping stents are widely used in vascular stent surgeries. However, the rate of fractures (SF) and in-stent restenosis (ISR) after using overlapping is higher than that single implantations. Published studies investigating nature rely primarily on medical images, which can only reveal effect surgery without providing insights into how overlap influences implantation process. In this paper, a finite element analysis process was performed to study interaction between stents. Four...

Nanoparticles (NPs) are promising carriers for targeted drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, and imaging probes. A fundamental understanding of the dynamics polymeric NP targeting to bilayer membranes is important enhance design NPs higher adhesion, binding percentage, efficiency. In this study, dissipative particle simulations applied investigate adhesion uptake processes rod, spherical, striped cell membranes. It observed that ligands can prevent from rotating even in active rotation. We...

Recently, DNA-nanoparticle conjugates have been widely used as building blocks for assembling complex nanostructures, due to their programmable recognitions, high cellular uptake and enhanced binding capabilities. In this study, a nanoworm structure, which can be applied in fields of drug targeting, image probing thermal therapies, has assembled by conjugates. Subsequently, its mechanical properties investigated importance on the structural stability, transport circulations nanoworm....

Abstract The behaviour of multi‐orifice distributors in gas‐solids fluidised beds has been studied with particular regard to the height entrance effect and mechanics flow region immediately above distributor plate. A model is proposed predict for a given system at various fluidising flow‐rates, good agreement found experiment. Experiments have carried out (a) two‐dimensional air‐fluidised bed using three sizes sand particles ( d p : 137, 263, 350 μm) four (orifice diameters: 0.001 m, 0.002...