The Young's modulus, strength, and toughness of nanostructures are important to proposed applications ranging from nanocomposites probe microscopy, yet there is little direct knowledge these key mechanical properties. Atomic force microscopy was used determine the properties individual, structurally isolated silicon carbide (SiC) nanorods (NRs) multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) that were pinned at one end molybdenum disulfide surfaces. bending measured versus displacement along unpinned...

Logic gates were fabricated from an array of configurable switches, each consisting a monolayer redox-active rotaxanes sandwiched between metal electrodes. The switches read by monitoring current flow at reducing voltages. In the "closed" state, was dominated resonant tunneling through electronic states molecules. irreversibly opened applying oxidizing voltage across device. Several devices configured together to produce AND and OR logic gates. high low levels those separated factors 15 30,...

A solid state, electronically addressable, bistable [2]catenane-based molecular switching device was fabricated from a single monolayer of the [2]catenane, anchored with phospholipid counterions, and sandwiched between an n-type polycrystalline silicon bottom electrode metallic top electrode. The exhibits hysteretic (bistable) current/voltage characteristics. switch is opened at +2 volts, closed -2 read approximately 0.1 volt may be recycled many times under ambient conditions....

A general approach has been developed to determine the conductivity of individual nanostructures while simultaneously recording their structure. Conventional lithography used contact electrically single ends nanomaterials, and a force microscope equipped with conducting probe tip map structure resistance portion material protruding from macroscopic contact. Studies carbon nanotubes demonstrate that structurally most perfect have resistivities an order magnitude lower than those found...

Intimate electrical contact occurs between a substituted poly(metaphenylenevinylene) (PmPV) and bundles of single-walled nanotubes (SWNT) as evidenced by atomic force microscopy, optical, electronic measurements carried out on single, isolated SWNT/PmPV structures (see picture). PmPV may provide useful route toward "functionalizing" the SWNT without destroying their character. Supporting information for this article is available WWW under...

Solid-state tunnel junction devices were fabricated from Langmuir Blodgett molecular monolayers of a bistable [2]catenane, [2]pseudorotaxane, and single-station [2]rotaxane. All exhibited (noncapacitive) hysteretic current−voltage response that switched the device between high- low-conductivity states, although control no such response. Correlations structure solution-phase dynamics supramolecular systems, crystallographic domain monolayer film, room-temperature performance characteristics...

The implementation of optical packet-switched networks requires that the problems resource contention, signalling and local global synchronization be resolved. A possible solution to contention is based on use switching matrices suitably connected with delay lines. Signalling could dealt using subcarrier multiplexing packet headers. Synchronization take advantage clock tone techniques, digital processing for ultra-fast recovery, new distributed techniques packet-slot alignment. To explore...

We have demonstrated Schottky diodes using semiconducting single-walled nanotubes (s-SWNTs) with titanium and platinum Ohmic contacts for high-frequency applications. The are fabricated angled evaporation of dissimilar metal over an s-SWNT. devices demonstrate rectifying behavior large reverse bias breakdown voltages greater than −15 V. To decrease the series resistance, multiple SWNTs grown in parallel a single device, metallic tubes burnt-out selectively. At low biases these showed...

We describe the fabrication and characterization of a nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switch based on carbon nanotubes. Our NEM structure consists single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) suspended over shallow trenches in SiO2 layer, with Nb pull electrode beneath. The nanotube growth is done on-chip using patterned Fe catalyst methane chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process at 850 °C. Electrical measurements these devices show well-defined ON OFF states as dc bias up to few volts applied between CNT...

A polyamide (PA) nanofilm was successfully fabricated on the nanofibrous hydrogel support <italic>via</italic> controlled interfacial polymerization (IP) and exhibited an unprecedented solvent permeation for various organic solvents.

A V-shaped compound incorporating two bipyridinium units, which emanate from a central hydrophilic core and bear hydrophobic tetraarylmethane-based stoppers at each end, was designed synthesized. In thermodynamically controlled self-assembly process in solution, either one or 1,4-dioxybenzene-based macrocyclic polyethers can be slipped over the bulky of compound, affording [2]rotaxane [3]rotaxane, respectively. The parent rotaxanes incorporate redox-active units that reduced reversibly...

We study the onset and spreading of cascading failure on weighted heterogeneous networks by adopting a local flow redistribution rule, where weight tolerance node is correlated with its link degree k as kθ Ckθ, respectively. The parameter θ C are positive: θ>0 C>1.0. Assume that failed leads only to passing through it nearest-neighboring nodes. give our theoretical estimations for different values θ. also explore statistical characteristics avalanche size varying obtain versatile dynamical...

Mobile network operators usually consider power consumption and Grade of Service (GoS) as two important aspects in the design planning modern cellular networks. Base station (BS) sleeping is an effective approach to reduce network, by switching some BSs a low-power "sleep mode" during off-peak traffic hours. In this paper, we model each BS with mechanism M/G/1/K queue vacations, entire such queues, incorporate practical factors sleeping, close-down startup periods additional for activating...

An interactive video-on-demand (VoD) system allows users to access video services, such as movies, electronic encyclopedia, games, and educational videos from servers on a broadband network. This paper develops performance evaluation tool for the design. In particular, user activity model is developed describe usage of resources, i.e., network bandwidth server usage, by it interacts with service. addition, we allow batching requests, effect captured in model. Our proposed queueing integrates...

Transition-metal carbide nanorods have been prepared by reacting carbon nanotubes with volatile Ti and Nb iodides. Systematic temperature-dependent growth studies of TiC produced from spatially separated metal in the presence iodine shown that reaction proceeds initially via formation a thin, uniform coating further inward this concomitant consumption nanotube until solid nanorod is formed. Transmission electron microscopy, selected area diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction used to show...

A new loss model for cognitive radio spectrum access with finite user population are presented, and exact solution the its approximation computation scalability given. Our provides investigation of delay performance a system. We study system under various primary traffic loads band allocations.

The impact and cratering rates onto the regular satellites of giant planets are subject to great uncertainties. We aim compute for objects with a diameter D_ i &gt;1 km Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus using dynamical simulations evolution outer Solar System coupled best estimates current population beyond Neptune, their size-frequency distribution. analyse last 3.5 billion years from our database combine this observational constraints Neptune flux entering Centaur region. initial conditions these...

In design and optimization of intensive care unit (ICU) networks, one common practice is to prioritize the treatment for patients higher emergency levels, while ensuring fairness other by guaranteeing a certain Quality Service (QoS) level. One approach realize such priority arrangement bed reservation policy, which designates number last occupied beds in each hospital be exclusively used patient classes. this paper, we propose an that can significantly improve computational efficiency...

Ein enger elektrischer Kontakt besteht zwischen einem substituierten Polymetaphenylenvinylen (PmPV) und Bündel von Einzelwand-Nanoröhren (SWNT), wie durch kraftmikroskopische, optische elektronische Messungen an isolierten SWNT/PmPV-Strukturen (siehe Bild) gezeigt wurde. Mithilfe PmPV könnten SWNTs möglicherweise einfach "funktionalisiert" werden, ohne deren elektrischen Eigenschaften zu stören.

Vaccination is an important means to fight against the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants. In this work, we propose a general susceptible-vaccinated-exposed-infected-hospitalized-removed (SVEIHR) model derive basic effective reproduction numbers. We set Hong Kong as example calculate conditions herd immunity for multiple vaccines disease The shows how number confirmed COVID-19 cases in during second third waves pandemic would have been reduced if vaccination were available then....

We aim to compute the impact rates for objects with a diameter of 1 km onto regular satellites Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus using our latest dynamical simulations evolution outer solar system coupled best estimates current population beyond Neptune their size-frequency distribution. use outcome last 3.5~Gyr from database combine this observational constraints flux entering Centaur region, uncertainties. The initial conditions resemble rather than near-circular, near-planar disc usually assumed...

In this paper, we propose a novel threat model-driven security testing approach for detecting undesirable behavior at runtime. Threats to policies are modelled with UML (unified modeling language) sequence diagrams. From design-level model extract set of traces, each which is an event that should not occur during the system execution. The same also used decide what kind information be collected runtime and guide code instrumentation. instrumented recompiled executed using test cases randomly...