A5000721031- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Architecture and Computational Design
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
- S100 Proteins and Annexins
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
Biomedical Research Institute
2019-2024
Virginia Tech
2015-2024
Carilion Clinic
2015-2024
Virginia College
2022-2024
University of Massachusetts Amherst
2024
University of California, Berkeley
2024
Harvard University
2005-2023
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2022-2023
Circuit Therapeutics (United States)
2022
Center for Neuro-Oncology
2022
Synapse formation requires the coordination of pre- and postsynaptic differentiation. An unresolved question is which steps in process require interactions between cells, proceed cell-autonomously. One current model that factors released from presynaptic axons organize differentiation directly beneath nerve terminal. Here, we used neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) zebrafish primary motor system to test this model. Clusters neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) receptors (AChRs) formed central region...
Normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases both lead to structural functional alterations in synapses. Comparison of synapses that are generally similar but respond differently insults could provide the basis for discovering mechanisms underlie susceptibility or resistance damage. Here, we analyzed skeletal neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) 16 mouse muscles seek such differences. We find one three ways aging. In some, including most limb trunk muscles, age-related NMJs progressive extensive...
Abstract Synaptotagmin 1 and 2 (syt 1, syt 2) are synaptic vesicle‐associated membrane proteins that act as calcium sensors for fast neurotransmitter release from presynaptic nerve terminals. Here we show widely used monoclonal antibodies, mab 48 znp‐1, stain terminals in multiple species and, mouse, recognize 2, respectively. With these examined the localization of synaptotagmin isoforms mouse central nervous system. Syt localized predominantly to different subsets synapses retina,...
During infections with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is utilized as a carbon source for metabolism and also to facilitate dissemination by stimulating dendritic-cell motility. The best-recognized function GABA, however, its role in nervous system an inhibitory neurotransmitter that regulates flow timing of excitatory neurotransmission. When this pathway altered, seizures develop. Human toxoplasmosis patients suffer from seizures, suggesting...
Host sexual dimorphism is being increasingly recognized to generate strong differences in the outcome of infectious disease, but mechanisms underlying immunological between males and females remain poorly characterized. Here, we used Drosophila melanogaster assess dissect innate response systemic bacterial infection. We demonstrated susceptibility infection by a broad spectrum Gram-positive Gram-negative bacteria. found that both virgin mated are more susceptible than most, not all,...
Formation, maturation, stabilization, and functional efficacy of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) are orchestrated by transsynaptic autocrine signals embedded within synaptic cleft. Here, we demonstrate that collagen XIII, a nonfibrillar transmembrane collagen, is another such signal. We show XIII expressed muscle its ectodomain can be proteolytically shed into extracellular matrix. The protein was found present in postsynaptic membrane basement membrane. To identify role for at NMJ, mice...
Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules contribute to the formation and maintenance of synapses in mammalian nervous system. We previously discovered a family nonfibrillar collagens that organize synaptic differentiation at neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Although many NMJ-organizing cues central system (CNS) synaptogenesis, whether similar roles for exist remained unclear. In present study we col19a1, gene encoding collagen XIX, is expressed by subsets hippocampal neurons. Colocalization with...
Neurons in layer VI of visual cortex represent one the largest sources nonretinal input to dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and play a major role modulating gain thalamic signal transmission. However, little is known about how when these descending projections arrive make functional connections with dLGN cells. Here we used transgenic mouse visualize corticogeniculate examine timing cortical innervation dLGN. Corticogeniculate occurred at postnatal ages was delayed compared arrival...
Objective The purposes of this study were to describe and compare the prevalence disease features in subjects with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) those tuberculosis infection (MTB), abilities CT chest radiography identify MAC disease, determine if sputum positivity is related any disease. Methods Computed tomographic scans 15 MTB 55 reviewed by 2 observers. Sputum culture results (obtained within 1.9 ± 2.8 days scanning) available 50 MAC. Results Bronchiectasis involving four or more...
Journal Article Pathology Panel for Lymphoma Clinical Studies: A Comprehensive Analysis of Cases Accumulated Since Its Inception Get access Hun Kim, M.D., M.D. Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald J. Zelman, M.S., M.S. Michael A. Fox, Ph.D., Ph.D. John M. Bennett, Costan W. Berard, James Butler, Gerald E. Byrne, Jr., F. Dorfman, Robert Hartsock, Lukes, ... Show more Risa B. Mann, Richard S. Neiman, Rebuck, William Sheehan, Daina Variakojis,...
Neural circuit formation demands precise timing of innervation by different classes axons. However, the mechanisms underlying such activity remain largely unknown. In dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), axons from retina and visual cortex innervate thalamic relay neurons in a highly coordinated manner, with those arriving well after retina. The differential retino- corticogeniculate is not coincidence but orchestrated retinal inputs. Here, we identified chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan...
The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the mouse has been an important experimental model for understanding thalamic circuit development. developmental remodeling retinal projections primary focus, however much less is known about maturation their synaptic targets, relay cells dLGN. Here we examined growth and during first few weeks life addressed whether early innervation affects To accomplish this utilized math5 null (math5 −/− ) mouse, a mutant lacking ganglion central...
Synaptic neurotransmission is known to be an energy demanding process. At the presynapse, ATP required for loading neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles, priming vesicles before release, and as a substrate various kinases ATPases. Although it assumed that presynaptic sites usually harbor local mitochondria, which may serve powerhouse generate well calcium depot, clear role of mitochondria in biochemical functioning presynapse not well-defined. Besides few subtypes like mossy fibers Calyx...
Both transmembrane and extracellular cues, one of which is collagen XIII, regulate the formation function neuromuscular synapse, their absence results in myasthenia. We show that phenotypical changes XIII knock-out mice are milder than symptoms human patients, but Col13a1-/- recapitulate major muscle findings congenital myasthenic syndrome type 19 serve as a disease model. In lack synapses do not reach full size, alignment, complexity resulting reduced strength. Collagen particularly...
Abstract Infection and inflammation within the brain induces changes in neuronal connectivity function. The intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii , is one pathogen that infects can cause encephalitis seizures. Persistent infection by this parasite also associated with behavioral alterations an increased risk for developing psychiatric illness, including schizophrenia. Current evidence from studies humans mouse models suggest both seizures schizophrenia result a loss or...