Existing treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have questionable efficacy with a need research into new and more effective therapies to both treat possibly prevent the condition. This review examines novel therapeutic modality that shows promise treating AD based on modulating neuronal activity in gamma frequency band through external brain stimulation. The is roughly defined as being between 30 Hz-100 Hz, 40 Hz point of particular significance. epidemiology, diagnostics, existing...

Confocal Microwave Imaging (CMI) for the early detection of breast cancer has been under development over two decades and is currently going through early-phase clinical evaluation. The image reconstruction algorithm a key signal processing component any CMI-based imaging system impacts efficacy CMI in detecting cancer. Several algorithms have developed since its inception. These previously evaluated compared, using both numerical physical models, healthy volunteer data. However, no study...

Microwave imaging via space-time (MIST) beamforming has been shown to be one of the most promising modalities for detecting small malignant breast tumors. This paper outlines two modifications MIST system developed by Hagness early detection cancer, resulting in a quasi-multistatic beamformer (multi-MIST). Multistatic involves illuminating with an ultrawideband (UWB) signal from antenna while collecting reflections at array antennas, as opposed traditional monostatic where only transmitting...

Ultra wideband (UWB) Microwave imaging is one of the most promising emerging technologies for breast cancer detection, and based on dielectric contrast between normal cancerous tissues at microwave frequencies.UWB radar involves illuminating with a pulse reflected signals are used to determine presence location significant scatterers, which may be representative tissue within breast.Beamformers spatially focus compensate path dependent attenuation phase effects.While these beamforming...

Denosumab (Amgen, Thousand Oaks, California, USA) is a new bone antiresorptive agent used in patients with osteoporosis or metastatic cancer to the bones. As bisphosphonates that are as medications, denosumab has been associated osteonecrosis of jaws (ONJ). Over past two years there an increase literature describing ONJ receiving agents such denosumab. Due promising study results demonstrate effectiveness avoiding skeletal complications related and disease, more will receive future. It...

This paper discusses the impact of tissue dehydration on dielectric properties excised samples. The effect surface has been characterized as a function time after excision freshly mouse liver. liver were measured over frequency range 500 MHz–20 GHz using an open-ended coaxial probe. Tissue samples obtained from 7 athymic BALB/c Nude mice, and measurements performed first 3.5 h post-excision at in middle sample (accessed via small incision). kept sealed containers between to avoid excessive...

In this paper, a new set of tumour phantoms for the experimental evaluation Microwave Breast Imaging (MBI) as method to diagnose breast cancer is presented. The were based on previously developed numerical models that had been clinically validated, supporting appropriateness development systems. proposed phantom was using polyurethane rubber with graphite and carbon-black powders first incorporate large number different shapes levels spiculation emulate malignancy. A series spherical,...

Irreversible electroporation is an ablation technique being adapted for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Currently, there are many differences reported in vitro and pre-clinical literature effective voltage threshold ablation. The aim this study a direct comparison different cell types within cardiovascular system identification optimal thresholds selective ablation.Monophasic pulses were delivered cuvette suspension model. Cell viability live-dead measurements three neuronal lines,...

Medium-term analog storage offers a compact, accurate, and low-power method of implementing temporary local memory that can be useful in adaptive circuit applications. The performance these cells is characterized by the sampling accuracy voltage droop achieved with given level die area power. Hand calculations suggest past implementations have not minimum due to uncompensated MOS leakage mechanisms. In this paper, dominant sources are experimentally standard 1.5-/spl mu/m CMOS process using...

Microwave Imaging (MI) has been widely investigated as a method to detect early stage breast cancer based on the dielectric contrast between normal and cancerous tissue at microwave frequencies. Furthermore, classiflcation methods have developed difierentiate malignant benign tumours. To successfully classify tumours using Ultra Wideband (UWB) radar, other features be examined than simply tumours, alone shown insuflcient. In this context, previous studies use of Radar Target Signature (RTS)...

Several factors determine the effectiveness of an early-stage artifact removal algorithm for detection breast cancer using confocal microwave imaging. These include ability to select correct time window containing artifact, remove while being robust normal variances, and effectively preserve tumor response in resultant signal. Very few (if any) existing algorithms incorporate all these qualities. In this letter, a novel hybrid imaging applications is presented, which combines best attributes...

The dielectric properties of tissues are the key parameters in electromagnetic medical technologies. Despite apparent simplicity measurement process, reported data have been inconsistent for heterogeneous tissues. Dielectric may be attributed to by identifying tissue types that contributed through histological analysis. However, accurate interpretation measurements with analysis requires first defining an appropriate histology region examine. Here, we investigate multiple definitions probe...

The objective of this study is to determine whether in vitro dielectric properties human trabecular bones, can distinguish between osteoporotic and osteoarthritis patients' bone samples. Specifically enlightens intra-patient variation microarchitecture properties, inter-disease comparison finally establishes the correlation traditional histomorphometry parameter (bone volume fraction) for diseased tissue. Bone cores were obtained from patients (n = 12). These scanned using microCT examine...

Electromagnetic-based hyperthermic therapies induce a controlled increase of temperature in specific tissue target order to the perfusion or metabolism, even cell necrosis. These require accurate knowledge dielectric and thermal properties optimise treatment plans. While have been well investigated, only few studies conducted with aim understanding changes as function temperature; i.e., conductivity, volumetric heat capacity diffusivity. In this study, we experimentally investigate ex vivo...

Cardiac ablation with irreversible electroporation (IRE) is quickly being established as a modality of choice for atrial fibrillation treatment. While it has not yet been optimised, IRE the potential to significantly limit collateral damage and improve cell-specific targeting associated other energy sources. However, more tissue evidence required demonstrate selective threshold parameters human cells. The aim here determine optimal related lesion size cardiomyocytes in 2D culture....

Ultra Wideband (UWB) radar is a promising emerging technology for breast cancer detection based on the dielectric contrast between normal and tumor tissues at microwave frequencies. One of most important considerations in developing UWB imaging system conflguration antenna array. Two speciflc conflgurations are currently under investigation, planar circular. The involves placing conformal array antennas naturally ∞attened with patient lying supine position. Conversely, circular prone...