A5061941706- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Plant and animal studies
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Forest Management and Policy
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Disaster Response and Management
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Climate Change Communication and Perception
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2021-2024
Queen's University
2023
University of Reading
2019-2022
Durham University
2013-2021
University of Oxford
2019
Syracuse University
2019
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
2017
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2015
University of Sheffield
2015
Northern General Hospital
2015
The new multi-wavelength monitoring campaign on NGC 5548 shows clearly that the variability of UV/optical lightcurves lags by progressively longer times at wavelengths, as expected from reprocessing an optically thick disk, but timescales are than for a standard Shakura-Sunyaev accretion disc. We build full spectral-timing model to simulate 5548. show disc observed hard X-ray lightcurve produces optical with too much fast well short lag time. Supressing requires intervening structure...
Animal populations will mediate the response of global biodiversity to environmental changes. Population models are thus important tools for both understanding and predicting animal responses uncertain future conditions. Most approaches, however, correlative ignore individual-level mechanisms that give rise population dynamics. Here, we assess several existing modelling approaches find limitations 'correlative' 'mechanistic' models. We advocate need a standardized mechanistic approach...
Swift monitoring of NGC 4151 with ~6 hr sampling over a total 69 days in early 2016 is used to construct light curves covering five bands the X-rays (0.3-50 keV) and six ultraviolet (UV)/optical (1900-5500 A). The three hardest X-ray (>2.5 are all strongly correlated no measurable interband lag while two softer show lower variability weaker correlations. UV/optical significantly X-rays, lagging ~3-4 behind hard X-rays. within also correlated, UV appearing lead optical by ~0.5-1 day. This...
Abstract Solar photovoltaics is projected to become the dominant renewable, with much capacity being installed as ground-mounted solar parks. Land use change for can affect ecosystems across spatial scales and parks offer a unique opportunity ecological enhancement. One compelling potential benefit beginning be deployed by industry management insect pollinators. Specifically, provide refuge pollinators through provision of suitable habitat, potentially contributing halting reversing...
We present a detailed multiwavelength study of an unobscured, highly super-Eddington Type-1 QSO RX J0439.6-5311. combine the latest XMM–Newton observation with all archival data from infrared to hard X-rays. The optical spectrum is very similar that 1H 0707-495 in having extremely weak [O iii] and strong Fe ii emission lines, although black hole mass probably slightly higher at 5-10 × 106 M⊙. broad-band spectral energy distribution uniquely well defined due low Galactic intrinsic absorption,...
We model the ultraviolet spectra of Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC~5548 obtained with Hubble Space Telescope during 6-month reverberation-mapping campaign in 2014. Our emission from NGC 5548 corrects for overlying absorption and deblends individual lines. Using modeled spectra, we measure response to continuum variations deblended absorption-corrected broad lines, velocity-dependent profiles Ly$\alpha$ C IV, narrow intrinsic features. find that time lags corrected lines are comparable those original...
Abstract Pollination is a key ecosystem service for global agriculture but evidence of pollinator population declines growing. Reliable spatial modelling abundance essential if we are to identify areas at risk pollination deficit and effectively target resources support populations. Many models exist which predict few have been calibrated against observational data from multiple habitats ensure their predictions accurate. We selected the most advanced process‐based model available it...
We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region for multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The dataset includes photometric spectroscopic monitoring optical ultraviolet, covering H$\beta$, C IV, Ly$\alpha$ emission lines. find an extended disk-like H$\beta$ BLR with a mixture near-circular outflowing gas trajectories, while IV BLRs are much less resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure BLR, arising at smaller...
We study the origin of soft X-ray excess seen in 'simple' Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxy PG1244+026 using all available spectral-timing information. This object shows standard switch between leading hard band on long timescales, to opposite behaviour short timescales. is interpreted as a combination intrinsic fluctuations propagating down through accretion flow giving lead, together with reflection X-rays lag. build full model spectral and time variability including both propagation...
The detection of several radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope hints at existence a rare, new class gamma-ray emitting active galactic nuclei with low black hole masses. Like flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), their emission is thought to be produced via external Compton mechanism whereby relativistic jet electrons upscatter photon field jet, e.g. from accretion disc, broad line region (BLR) and dusty torus, higher energies. Here we study...
Abstract Pollinators experience large spatiotemporal fluctuations in resource availability when mass‐flowering crops are rotated with resource‐poor cereal crops. Yet, few studies have considered the effect this has on pollinator population stability, nor how might be mitigated to maintain consistent crop pollination services. We assess potential of boundary features (standard narrow 1 m grassy margins, hedgerows and wide 4 agri‐environment margins) support stabilise populations service...
Abstract Landscape decisions are multi‐faceted. Framing landscape decision‐making as a governance process that requires collective approach can encourage key stakeholders to come together co‐inform discussion about their priorities and what constitutes good governance, leading more holistic decisions. In this paper, we recognise suite of complementary multi‐dimensional approaches in practice used inform evaluate land use We have called these ‘lenses’ because they each provide different...
Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) are the most powerful relativistic jets seen from supermassive black holes (BHs) accreting via a radiatively efficient thin disc. Their high energy emission is well modelled by highly electrons in jet Compton upscattering an external source of seed photons, primarily broad line region. Strong Doppler boosting bulk motion makes these FSRQs readily detectable Fermi Large Area Telescope. We combine spectral models with scaling relations for physical...
Concern has been growing about the status of UK adder populations, with expert opinion reporting widespread declines. Assessing true scale these declines, however, hampered by a lack quantitative data. Make Adder Count began in 2005 as national surveillance programme collecting standardised counts adders lying-out after emerging from hibernation. 260 sites have contributed data, confirming significant decline, on average, across small while few large populations (<10 % sites) are weakly...
The X-ray spectra of black hole binaries in the low/hard state first harden as flux decreases, then soften. This change behaviour has been variously attributed to either X-rays switching from being produced flow dominated by jet, or seed photons disc self generated cyclo-synchrotron. Here we build a simple truncated disc, hot inner flow, plus standard conical synchrotron jet model explore what this predicts for emission mechanism function mass accretion rate. We find that spectral index can...
Abstract In this contribution, we achieve the primary goal of active galactic nucleus (AGN) STORM campaign by recovering velocity–delay maps for prominent broad emission lines (Ly α , C iv He ii and H β ) in spectrum NGC 5548. These are most detailed ever obtained an AGN, providing unprecedented information on geometry, ionization structure, kinematics broad-line region. Virial envelopes enclosing emission-line responses show that reverberating gas is bound to black hole. A stratified...
Complex narrow line Seyfert 1s (NLS1s), such as 1H0707-495, differ from simple NLS1s like PG1244+026 by showing stronger broad spectral features at Fe K and larger amplitude flux variability. These are correlated: the strongest seen during deep dips in light curves of complex NLS1s. There two competing explanations for these features, one where a compact X-ray source on spin axis highly spinning black hole approaches horizon consequent strong relativistic effects focus intrinsic onto inner...
Land use policy in England is encouraging tree planting on farms to meet decarbonisation targets. This could be delivered through woodland creation, hedgerow or agroforestry. All three approaches provide co-benefits for wild bee populations and crop pollination services, by increasing nesting floral resources, but their relative effectiveness has not been studied at a landscape scale. We simulated six scenarios used validated process-based model predict effect bumblebee abundance service two...
The dramatic relativistic jets pointing directly at us in BL Lac objects can be well modelled by bulk motion beaming of synchrotron self-Compton emission powered a low Eddington fraction accretion flow. Nearly 500 these AGN are seen the 2nd Fermi Large Area Telescope catalogue AGN. We combine jet models which describe individual spectra with expected parameter scalings mass and rate to predict number detected sources given densities from cosmological simulations. select only scaled $< 0.01$...
Cystic fibrosis (CF) health care professionals recognize the need to motivate people with CF adhere nebulizer treatments, yet little is known about how best achieve this. We aimed produce motivational posters support adherence by using social marketing involving in development of those posters.The Sheffield multidisciplinary team produced preliminary ideas that were elaborated upon semi-structured interviews among explore barriers and facilitators use nebulized therapy. Initial themes poster...
Abstract Spatial modelling approaches to aid land‐use decisions which benefit both wildlife and humans are often limited the comparison of pre‐determined landscape scenarios, may not reflect true optimum for any end‐user. Furthermore, needs under‐represented when considered alongside human financial interests in these approaches. We develop a method addressing gaps using case‐study wild bees UK, an important group whose declines adversely affect economies surrounding ecosystems. By combining...
Abstract Context Agri-environment schemes support land management interventions that benefit biodiversity, environmental objectives, and other public goods. Process-based model simulations suggest the English scheme, as implemented in 2016, increased wild bee pollination services to pollinator-dependent crops non-crop areas a geographically heterogeneous manner. Objectives We investigated which drove scheme-wide predicted service increase oilseed rape, field beans non-cropped areas....
Abstract Adder ( Vipera berus ) populations are experiencing declines in many countries, including the United Kingdom. Perceptions of adders and other venomous snakes generally negative, making conservation these species a challenge, persecution remains within top five perceived causes for adder Improved understanding attitudes needed to support current efforts. However, ensuring positive continue into future relies on addressing children's loss connection nature, intervention at this early...