A5027338584- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Cyclone Separators and Fluid Dynamics
- Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2015-2025
Occidental Petroleum (United States)
2025
The University of Tokyo
2022
University College London
2022
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2022
University of Technology Sydney
2022
Colorado State University
2022
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
2022
University of Antwerp
2022
Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research
2022
Ammonia and ammonium have received less attention than other forms of air pollution, with limited progress in controlling emissions at UK, European global scales. By contrast, these compounds been significant past interest to science society, the recollection which can inform future strategies. Sal ammoniac (nūshādir, nao sha) is found extremely valuable long-distance trade (ca AD 600-1150) from Egypt China, where 6-8 kg N could purchase a human life, while pollution associated nūshādir...
An analytical model was developed to describe in-canopy vertical distribution of ammonia (NH3) sources and sinks fluxes in a fertilized agricultural setting using measured mean NH3 concentration wind speed profiles. This applied quantify air−surface exchange rates above-canopy corn (Zea mays) field. Modeled air−canopy agreed well with independent flux estimates. Based on the results, urea soil surface consistent source one month following fertilizer application, whereas vegetation canopy...
Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) in the atmosphere affects both environment and human health. It is therefore increasingly recognised by policy makers as an important air pollutant that needs to be mitigated, though it still remains unregulated many countries. In order understand effectiveness of abatement strategies, routine NH3 monitoring required. Current reference protocols, first developed 1990s, use daily samplers with offline analysis; however, there have been a number technologies since,...
Ammonia (NH3) pollution has emerged as a major cause of concern atmospheric concentrations continue to increase globally. Environmentally damaging NH3 levels are expected severely affect sensitive and economically important organisms, but evidence is lacking in many parts the world. We describe design operation wind-controlled enhancement system assess effects on forests two contrasting climates. established structurally identical systems temperate birch woodland UK tropical sub-montane...
Objectives/Scope Many factors in unconventional stage design can significantly impact well performance. This Powder River Basin project deployed a rigorous completions Design of Experiment (DoE) on Niobrara horizontal to evaluate Stimulation Distribution Effectiveness (SDE) for different configurations while attempting increase length and maintain high degree treatment uniformity. The primary tools used performance were permanent fiber, offset disposable high-resolution acoustic imaging,...
Plant phenology is an important driver of inter-annual variability in peatland carbon uptake. However, the use traditional datasets (e.g., manual surveys, satellite remote sensing) to quantify this link hampered by their limited spatial and temporal coverage. This study examined cameras (phenocams) uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) for monitoring a Scottish temperate peatland. Data were collected at site over multiple growing seasons using UAV platform fitted with multispectral Parrot Sequoia...
Abstract. Recent incorporation of coupled soil biogeochemical and bi-directional NH3 air–surface exchange algorithms into regional air quality models holds promise for further reducing uncertainty in estimates emissions from fertilized soils. While this represents a significant advancement over previous approaches, the evaluation improvement such modeling systems crops requires process-level field measurements extended periods time that capture range soil, vegetation, atmospheric conditions...
Abstract. There is limited availability of long-term, high temporal resolution, chemically speciated aerosol measurements which can provide further insight into the health and environmental impacts particulate matter. The Monitor for AeRosols Gases (MARGA, Applikon B.V., NL) allows characterisation inorganic components PM10 PM2.5 (NH4+, NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) reactive gases (NH3, SO2, HCl, HONO HNO3) at hourly resolution. following study presents 6.5 years (June 2006 to...
Abstract. Volcanic emissions, specifically from Iceland, pose a pan-European risk and are on the UK National Risk Register due to potential impacts aviation, public health, agriculture, environment economy, both effusive explosive activity. During 2014–2015 fissure eruption at Holuhraun in atmosphere was significantly perturbed. This study focuses one major incursion September 2014, affecting surface concentrations of aerosols gases across UK, with sites Scotland experiencing highest sulfur...
The measurement method of NO2 with continuous analysers is specified for EU Ambient Air Quality Directive compliance reporting, which provides a consistent methodology and concurrent NO measurements (85/203/EEC-NO2). While the established NO2, following conversion to using molybdenum-conversion process, has known interference uncertainties (due other oxidised nitrogen (NOy) chemicals, consistency traceability important. This study compared three analyser instruments: Thermo-NOx molybdenum...
Abstract We report results from a long‐term experiment in which additional nitrogen has been deposited on peat bog central Scotland for over 14 years, three different forms: as ammonia ( NH 3 ) gas, ammonium solution, or nitrate solution. The automated was designed to apply such way that mimics real‐world deposition. Background deposition at the site 0.8 g N m −2 year −1 ). Observations of cover 46 species were made. analysed change six common relation dose and form. responses differed among...
Abstract. The increasing use of intensive agricultural practices can lead to damaging consequences for the atmosphere through enhanced emissions air pollutants. However, there are few direct measurements surface–atmosphere exchange trace gases and water-soluble aerosols over grassland, particularly reactive nitrogen compounds. In this study, we present concentrations, fluxes deposition velocities HCl, HONO, HNO3, SO2 NH3 as well their associated aerosol counterparts Cl−, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-...
This work presents 15-min averaged measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) obtained during spring 2014 (24/04/2014 – 06/05/2014) at the Auchencorth UK EMEP supersite (southeast Scotland). The aim this analysis was to investigate conditions producing distribution PAN mixing ratios in 2014. Air mass back trajectories showed majority air masses have spent substantial time over UK, continental Europe or Scandinavia prior arrival Auchencorth. median and 95th percentile observed were 0.46 ppb...
Abstract. Nitrogen deposition was experimentally increased on a Scottish peatbog over period of 13 years (2002–2015). applied in three forms, NH3 gas, NH4Cl solution, and NaNO3 at rates ranging from 8 (ambient) to 64 kg N ha−1 yr−1, higher near the fumigation source. An automated system used apply nitrogen, such that realistic terms high frequency events. We measured response nitrous oxide (N2O) flux nitrogen input. Prior expectations, based IPCC default emission factor, were 1 % added would...
Himalayan forests are biodiverse and support the cultural economic livelihoods of their human communities. They bounded to south by Indo-Gangetic Plain, which has among highest concentrations atmospheric ammonia globally. This source excess nitrogen pushes northwards into Himalaya, generating concern that will be impacted. To estimate extent is impacting we focussed on lichen epiphytes, a well-established bioindicator for pollution. First, reviewed published literature describing thresholds...