A5059003533- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Municipal Solid Waste Management
- Insect Pheromone Research and Control
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2018-2024
National Centre for Atmospheric Science
2021
University of Manchester
2021
Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women
2021
Lancaster University
2006-2014
Swansea University
2005
University of Wales
2005
Common air pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), emitted in diesel exhaust, and ozone (O3), have been implicated the decline of pollinating insects. Reductionist laboratory assays, focused upon interactions between a narrow range flowering plant pollinator species, combination with atmospheric chemistry models, indicate that pollutants can chemically alter floral odors, disrupting cues foraging insects use to find pollinate flowers. However, odor environments nature are highly complex...
Abstract. Biomass burning emits significant quantities of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) in a complex mixture, probably containing many thousands chemical species. These components are significantly more toxic have poorly understood chemistry compared to volatile routinely quantified ambient air; however, analysis I/SVOCs presents difficult analytical challenge. The gases particles emitted during the test combustion range domestic solid fuels collected...
Abstract. Twenty-nine different fuel types used in residential dwellings northern India were collected from across Delhi (76 samples total). Emission factors of a wide range non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) (192 total) measured during controlled burning experiments using dual-channel gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection (DC-GC-FID), two-dimensional (GC × GC-FID), proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) and solid-phase extraction...
Rapid economic growth and development have exacerbated air quality problems across India, driven by many poorly understood pollution sources understanding their relative importance remains critical to characterising the key drivers of pollution. A comprehensive suite measurements 90 non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) (C2-C14), including 12 speciated monoterpenes higher molecular weight monoaromatics, were made at an urban site in Old Delhi during pre-monsoon (28-May 05-Jun 2018) post-monsoon...
Abstract. We present the first real-time composition of submicron particulate matter (PM1) in Old Delhi using high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometry (HR-AMS). is one most polluted locations world, and PM1 concentrations reached ∼ 750 µg m−3 during period, post-monsoon where increased by 188 % over pre-monsoon period. Sulfate contributes largest inorganic fraction (24 %) monsoon periods, with nitrate contributing period (8 %). The organics dominate (54 %–68 throughout three and, positive...
We evaluate different frequencies of riverine nutrient concentration measurement to interpret diffuse pollution in agricultural catchments.
Abstract. We describe the motivation, design, and execution of Greenhouse gAs Uk Global Emissions (GAUGE) project. The overarching scientific objective GAUGE was to use atmospheric data estimate magnitude, distribution, uncertainty UK greenhouse gas (GHG, defined here as CO2, CH4, N2O) budget, 2013–2015. To address this objective, we established a multi-year interlinked measurement analysis programme, building on an tall-tower GHG network. calibrated network comprises ground-based, airborne,...
Ammonia (NH3) pollution has emerged as a major cause of concern atmospheric concentrations continue to increase globally. Environmentally damaging NH3 levels are expected severely affect sensitive and economically important organisms, but evidence is lacking in many parts the world. We describe design operation wind-controlled enhancement system assess effects on forests two contrasting climates. established structurally identical systems temperate birch woodland UK tropical sub-montane...
NH3 is the major alkaline gas in atmosphere and third most abundant N-containing species, after N2 N2O. It an important target pollutant due to its role N deposition processes impacting over ecosystems, it also a precursor of fine particulate matter (PM), known cause several impacts on human health. Being able detect quantify essential for determining best mitigation policies reduce these impacts, yet this challenging given high spatial temporal variabilities pollutant.Miniaturized sensors...
Abstract. Mixing ratios of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were recorded in two field campaigns central Beijing as part the Air Pollution and Human Health a Chinese Megacity (APHH) project. These data used to calculate, for first time Beijing, surface–atmosphere fluxes VOCs using eddy covariance, giving top-down estimation VOC emissions from area city. The results then evaluate accuracy Multi-resolution Emission Inventory China (MEIC). APHH winter summer took place November December 2016...
Abstract. Air pollution in urban environments has been shown to have a negative impact on air quality and human health, particularly megacities. Over recent decades, Delhi, India, suffered high atmospheric pollution, with significant particulate matter (PM) concentrations as result of anthropogenic activities. Organic aerosols (OAs) are composed thousands different chemical species one the main constituents submicron particles. However, quantitative knowledge OA composition, their sources...
The effects of variation in heating temperature T (50–300°C), duration (20–60 min), and post-heating equilibration times (24–168 h at 20°C 50% relative humidity) on the wettability, as measured by Critical Surface Tension (CST) method, 4 initially water repellent soils from Canada, Portugal, UK are reported. All show an increase repellency following temperatures range 50 to 150°C, followed a considerable decline after 200–250°C, and, except for one soil, eradication 300°C. For two with...
The critical ecological process of animal-mediated pollination is commonly facilitated by odour cues. These odours consist volatile organic compounds (VOCs), often with short chemical lifetimes, which form the strong concentration gradients necessary for pollinating insects to locate a flower. Atmospheric oxidants, including ozone pollution, may react and chemically alter these VOCs, impairing ability pollinators flower, therefore pollen nectar on they feed. However, there limited...
Air pollutants—such as nitrogen oxides, emitted in diesel exhaust, and ozone (O 3 )—disrupt interactions between plants, the insect herbivore pests that feed upon them natural enemies of those herbivores (e.g. parasitoids). Using eight field-based rings emit regulated quantities exhaust O , we investigated how both pollutants, individually combination, altered attraction parasitism rate a specialist parasitoid ( Diaeretiella rapae ) on aphid-infested un-infested Brassica napus plants....
There is growing evidence to demonstrate that air pollution affecting invertebrates both directly (e.g., causing physiological stress responses) and indirectly via changes in host plant chemistry and/or by disruption of communication volatile odours). Many the studies to-date have focused upon winged insects in-flight foraging. Therefore, this study we investigated how community composition predominantly ground-dwelling fields winter wheat are affected two most ubiquitous lower tropospheric...
Abstract. We present a mass balance approach to estimate the seasonal and annual budgets of carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) United Kingdom (excluding Scotland) Republic Ireland from concentration measurements taken on ferry along east coast over 3-year period (2015–2017). emissions CH4 be 2.55±0.48 Tg, which is consistent with combined 2.29 Tg reported Nations Framework Convention Climate Change by individual countries. The net CO2 budget (i.e. including all anthropogenic biogenic sources...
Abstract. We describe the motivation, design, and execution of Greenhouse gAs Uk Global Emissions (GAUGE) project. The overarching scientific objective GAUGE was to use atmospheric data estimate magnitude, distribution, uncertainty UK greenhouse gas (GHG, defined here as CO2, CH4, N2O) budget, 2013–2015. To address this we established a multi-year interlinked measurement analysis programme, building on an tall tower GHG network. inter-calibrated network comprises ground-based, airborne,...
Abstract. Black carbon (BC) forms an important component of particulate matter globally, due to its impact on climate, the environment and human health. Identifying quantifying emission sources are critical for effective policymaking achieving desired reduction in air pollution. In this study, we present first direct measurements urban BC fluxes using eddy covariance. The were made over Beijing within UK-China Air Pollution Human Health (APHH) winter 2016 summer 2017 campaigns. both seasons,...
Abstract. Biomass burning emits significant quantities of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) in a complex mixture, probably containing many thousands chemical species. These components are significantly more toxic have poorly understood chemistry compared to routinely analysed ambient air, however quantification I/SVOCs presents difficult analytical challenge. The gases particles emitted during the test combustion range domestic solid fuels...
Abstract The Auchencorth Moss atmospheric observatory has being measuring meteorological parameters since 1995. site was originally set‐up to measure the deposition of sulphur dioxide at a that represented vegetation and climate typical NW Europe, in relatively clean background air. It is one longest running flux monitoring sites region, over semi‐natural vegetation, providing infrastructure support for many measurement campaigns continuous air pollutants greenhouse gases. sensors are used,...