A5006094365- Gut microbiota and health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Colorectal Cancer Treatments and Studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Livestock Management and Performance Improvement
- Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
National Research Council
2016-2024
Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology
2017-2024
Italian Association for Cancer Research
2024
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
2024
Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria
2018-2023
Krankenhaus Meran
2021
Istituto di Biometeorologia
2016-2017
Fondazione Edmund Mach
2012-2016
Business Innovation Centre
2015
University of Florence
1998-2010
Gut microbial composition depends on different dietary habits just as health metabolism, but the association of microbiota with diets in human populations has not yet been shown. In this work, we compared fecal European children (EU) and that from a rural African village Burkina Faso (BF), where diet, high fiber content, is similar to early settlements at time birth agriculture. By using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing biochemical analyses, found significant differences gut between two...
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by social and behavioural impairments. In addition to neurological symptoms, ASD subjects frequently suffer from gastrointestinal abnormalities, thus implying a role of the gut microbiota in pathophysiology. Here, we bacterial fungal cohort autistic individuals demonstrating presence an altered microbial community structure. A fraction 90% were classified as severe ASDs. We found significant increase...
S accharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most important model organisms and has been a valuable asset to human civilization. However, despite its extensive use in last 9,000 y, existence seasonal cycle outside human-made environments not yet described. We demonstrate role social wasps as vector natural reservoir S. during all seasons. provide experimental evidence that queens overwintering adults ( Vespa crabro Polistes spp . ) can harbor yeast cells from autumn spring transmit them their...
Abstract The introduction of high throughput sequencing technologies has triggered an increase the number studies in which microbiota environmental and human samples is characterized through selected marker genes. While experimental protocols have undergone a process standardization that makes them accessible to large community scientist, standard robust data analysis pipelines are still lacking. Here we introduce MICCA, software pipeline for processing amplicon metagenomic datasets...
Abstract Changes in cervico-vaginal microbiota with Lactobacillus depletion and increased microbial diversity facilitate human papillomavirus (HPV) infection might be involved viral persistence cancer development. To define the Community State Types (CSTs) associated high-risk HPV−persistence, we analysed 55 samples from HPV positive (HPV+) women out of 1029 screened performed pyrosequencing 16S rDNA. A total 17 age-matched negative (HPV−) were used as control. Clearance or Persistence...
Diet is one of the main factors that affects composition gut microbiota. When people move from a rural environment to urban areas, and experience improved socio-economic conditions, they are often exposed "globalized" Western type diet. Here, we present preliminary observations on metagenomic scale microbial changes in small groups African children belonging same ethnicity living different environments, compared area Florence (Italy). We analyzed dietary habits and, by pyrosequencing 16S...
Abstract The expansion of agriculture is shrinking pristine forest areas worldwide, jeopardizing the persistence their wild inhabitants. Udzungwa red colobus monkey ( Procolobus gordonorum ) among most threatened primate species in Africa. Primarily arboreal and highly sensitive to hunting habitat destruction, they provide a critical model understanding whether anthropogenic disturbance impacts gut microbiota diversity. We sampled seven social groups inhabiting two forests (disturbed vs....
The fungal component of the human gut microbiota has been neglected for long time due to low relative abundance fungi with respect bacteria, and only recently few reports have explored its composition dynamics in health or disease. application metagenomics methods full understanding communities is currently limited by under representation DNA bacterial one, as well ability discriminate passengers from colonizers. Here, we investigated mycobiota a cohort healthy subjects order reduce gap...
The human gut microbiota directly affects health, and its alteration can lead to gastrointestinal abnormalities inflammation. Rett syndrome (RTT), a progressive neurological disorder mainly caused by mutations in MeCP2 gene, is commonly associated with dysfunctions constipation, suggesting link between RTT’s the microbiota. aim of this study was evaluate bacterial fungal cohort RTT subjects integrating clinical, metabolomics metagenomics data understand if changes could be inflammatory...
The immune system is essential to maintain the mutualistic homeostatic interaction between host and its micro- mycobiota. Living as a commensal,Saccharomyces cerevisiaecould potentially shape response in significant way. We observed thatS. cerevisiaecells induce trained immunity monocytes strain-dependent manner through enhanced TNFα IL-6 production upon secondary stimulation with TLR ligands, well bacterial fungal commensals. Differential chitin content accounts for differences training...
We investigated whether polyphenolic extracts from black tea, green tea or red wine affect azoxymethane (AOM)-induced intestinal carcinogenesis. Male F344 rats were treated 10 times (1 week apart) with AOM (7.4 mg/kg, s.c.) and then allocated into groups receiving mixed in the diet at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight for 16 weeks. In extracts, there significantly fewer colorectal tumours than controls (the mean ± SE number tumours/rat was 2.54 1.6 controls, 1.54 1.4 group, 3.2 1.9 group 1.63...
A critical aspect regarding the global dispersion of pathogenic microorganisms is associated with atmospheric movement soil particles. Especially, desert dust storms can transport alien over continental scales and deposit them in sensitive sink habitats. In winter 2014, largest ever recorded Saharan event Italy was efficiently deposited on Dolomite Alps sealed between dust-free snow. This provided us unique opportunity to overcome difficulties separating from "domestic" microbes thus,...
Alteration of gut microbiota is involved in several chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, microbial "pro-arthritogenic" profiles have been hypothesized. Intestinal inflammation may be spondyloarthropathies a subset patients affected by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), the most common rheumatic disease childhood. We compared fecal composition JIA with healthy subjects (HS), evaluating differences between sub-categories JIA, such as...
Abstract Studies so far conducted on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have been focused mainly the role of gut bacterial dysbiosis in modulating intestinal permeability, inflammation, and motility, with consequences quality life. Limited evidences showed a potential involvement fungal communities. Here, microbiota cohort IBS patients characterized compared that healthy subjects (HS). The microbial community structure differed significantly to HS. In particular, we observed an enrichment taxa...
The geographically isolated region of the Yaghnob Valley, Tajikistan, has allowed its inhabitants to maintain a unique culture and lifestyle. Their fermented goat milk constitutes one staple foods for population, is produced by backslopping, i.e. using previous fermentation batch inoculate new one. This study addresses yeast composition milk, assessing genotypic phenotypic properties. 52 isolates included in this revealed small species diversity, belonging Kluyveromyces marxianus, Pichia...
Abstract The lipid sensor oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endogenous high-affinity agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) secreted in the proximal intestine, is endowed with several distinctive homeostatic properties, such as control appetite, anti-inflammatory activity, stimulation lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. When administered exogenously, OEA has beneficial effects cognitive paradigms; therefore, all respects, can be considered a hormone gut-brain axis. Here...