The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay has been widely accepted as a standard tool to measure the antioxidant activity in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. However, ORAC criticized for lack of accessibility due unavailability COBAS FARA II analyzer, an instrument discontinued by manufacturer. In addition, manual sample preparation is time-consuming labor-intensive. objective this study was develop high-throughput platform that can fully automate procedure. new...

Methods are described for the extraction and analysis of hydrophilic lipophilic antioxidants, using modifications oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORACFL) procedure. These methods provide, first time, ability to obtain a measure "total antioxidant capacity" in protein free plasma, same peroxyl generator both antioxidants. Separation fractions from plasma was accomplished by extracting with hexane after adding water ethanol (hexane/plasma/ethanol/water, 4:1:2:1, v/v). Lipophilic...

A total of 927 freeze-dried vegetable samples, including 111 white cabbages, 59 carrots, 51 snap beans, 57 cauliflower, 33 onions, 48 purple 130 broccoli, 169 tomatoes, 25 beets, 88 peas, spinach, 18 red peppers, and 50 green were analyzed using the oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) ferric reducing antioxidant (FRAP) methods. The data show that ORAC FRAP values are not only dependent on species, but also highly geographical origin harvest time. two assay methods, FRAP, give different...

We recently reported the improved oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay using fluorescein (FL) as fluorescent probe. The current ORAC(FL) is limited in hydrophilic antioxidant due to aqueous environment of assay. Lipophilic antioxidants mainly include vitamin E family and carotenoids, which play a critical role biological defense systems. In this paper, we expanded lipophilic antioxidants. Randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (RMCD) was introduced water solubility enhancer for...

Euterpe oleraceae is a large palm tree indigenous to the Amazon River and its tributaries estuaries in South America. Its fruit, known as acai, of great economic value native people. In this study, standardized freeze-dried acai fruit pulp/skin powder was used for all analyses tests. Among many findings, anthocyanins (ACNs), proanthocyanidins (PACs), other flavonoids were found be major phytochemicals. Two ACNs, cyandin 3-glucoside cyanidin 3-rutinoside predominant ACNs; three others also...

The fruit of Euterpe oleraceae, commonly known as acai, has been demonstrated to exhibit significantly high antioxidant capacity in vitro, especially for superoxide and peroxyl scavenging, and, therefore, may have possible health benefits. In this study, the capacities freeze-dried acai pulp/skin powder (OptiAcai) were evaluated by different assays with various free radical sources. It was found exceptional activity against scavenging (SOD) assay, highest any food reported date measured...

A near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe was synthesized and demonstrated to be highly selective in reaction with hypochlorous acid (HOCl), an endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by myeloperoxidase neutrophils. The HOCl resulted the NIR fluorescence quenching at 774 nm absorbance decreasing 710 nm, accompanied appearance of a new absorption band 520 nm. mechanism carefully examined proposed proceed initial formation chlorohydrins subsequent degradation. This successfully applied...

In this paper, we report a benzothiazole-functionalized cyanine fluorescence probe and demonstrate that it is selectively reactive to bisulfite, an intermediate indicator for oxidative stress. The selective reaction can be monitored by distinct ratiometric variation favorable cell imaging visualization. original regenerated in high yield through the elimination of bisulfite from product peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, accompanied turning on at 590 nm, showing potential application...

A novel fluorometric method has been developed to evaluate hydroxyl radical prevention capacity using fluorescein (FL) as the probe. The is generated by a Co(II)-mediated Fenton-like reaction, and formation under experimental condition indirectly confirmed hydroxylation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. fluorescence decay curve FL monitored in absence or presence antioxidant, area (AUC) integrated, net AUC, which an index capacity, calculated subtracting AUC blank from that antioxidant. Gallic acid...

Current work investigated the ability of different tea (green, oolong and black teas) in inhibiting human salivary α-amylase (HSA) mammalian α-glucosidase (AGH). The inhibitory profiles were correlated to their major polyphenol content (theaflavins catechins). fully fermented was demonstrated be most potent HSA AGH (IC50 0.42 0.67 0.56 0.58 mg leaves/mL respectively). Its capability retarding digestion a real food system (rice noodle) further elucidated with an vitro study. Results indicated...

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) reacts rapidly with glutathione (GSH) to release H2S through thiol-disulfide exchange followed by allyl perthiol reduction GSH. Yet diallyl disulfide (DADS) only releases a minute amount of via sluggish reaction GSH an α-carbon nucleophilic substitution pathway. The results clarify the misunderstanding DADS as rapid donor, which is attributed its DATS impurity.

An improved method for the measurement of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was developed and validated using fluorescein (3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[isobenzofuran-1[3H], 9'[9H]-xanthen]-3-one) as a new fluorescence probe (ORAC(FL)). Randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (RMCD) introduced water-solubility enhancer lipophilic antioxidants. 7% RMCD (w/v) in 50% acetone-H2O mixture sufficiently solubilized vitamin E compounds other phenolic antioxidants 75 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4)....

A novel nanohybrid ratiometric fluorescence probe for on-site and visual determination of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been designed. The hybrid comprises blue-colored carbon nanodots (CDs) red-colored emission CdTe quantum dots (QDs). Such hybridized exhibits dual bands centered at 460 665 nm, respectively. blue CDs is insensitive to the analyte, whereas red QDs specifically quenched by resulting in a distinguishable color change from orange-red upon exposure NO2. limit detection estimated be...

The present study aims to investigate the interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), two important gaseous mediators in rat hearts. Intracellular calcium isolated cardiomyocytes was measured with a spectrofluorometric method using Fura-2. Myocyte contractility video edge system. NaHS (50 µM, an H2S donor) had no significant effect on resting level, electrically induced (EI) transients, cell ventricular myocytes. Stimulating endogenous NO production l-arginine or...

Four types of water-soluble quantum dots (QDs) grafted with different organic coating layers were fabricated, and their sensitivities for hypochlorite/hypochlorous acid (HClO) examined. It was found that QDs HClO reactive (methylamino sulphide groups) exhibited a protective effect on quenching QD fluorescence, whereas hydrocarbon carboxylate showed least protection to fluorescence by and, thus, has the highest sensitivity detection HClO. The (QDs-poly-CO2−) successfully applied...

The phenolic profiles of 12 cruciferous vegetables (pakchoi, choysum, Chinese cabbage, kailan, Brussels sprout, cauliflower, broccoli, rocket salad, red cherry radish, daikon and watercress) were studied with UHPLC-MS/MS. Antioxidant activity total content (TPC) also evaluated. A 74 compounds identified, including 16 hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives, 58 flavonoids derivatives. main identified glycosylated quercetin, kaempferol isorhamnetin, the ferulic, sinapic, caffeic p-coumaric acids....

New selective and sensitive fluorescence probes have always been in great demand for carbon monoxide, an important gasotransmitter molecule, which is involved critical physiological pathophysiological processes the mammalian cardiovascular system. In this work, we synthesized a new palladacycle compound as turn-on probe quantitative detection of monoxide. The weakly fluorescent quickly selectively reacts with monoxide releases highly benzimidazole moiety, due to protonolysis palladacycle,...

This review summarized most of the H₂S donors such as inorganic compounds, natural products, anethole trithione derivatives and synthetic compounds used in research drug development. These special bioactivities provided us some effective strategies for antiphlogosis, cancer therapy, cardiovascular protection so on.