Purpose: To determine whether tauopathies are associated with impaired autophagy and involved in the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) rats from an optic nerve crush (ONC). Methods: Short interfering RNA (siRNA) tau gene (si-Tau) or nontargeting siRNA (si-NC) was injected intravitreally 48 hours prior to ONC. The effects silencing on neuroprotection were determined by number Tuj-1–stained RGCs days 7 14 after changes expressions phosphorylated tau, P62, LC3B immunoblots...

The purpose of this study was to determine the temporal and spatial changes in expression AQP4 AQP9 optic nerve after it is crushed. left nerves rats were either crushed (crushed group) or sham operated (sham group), they excised before, at 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 days later. Four pooled for each time point both groups. determined by western blot analyses. Immunohistochemistry used AQP4, AQP9, GFAP nerve. Optic edema measuring water content barrier function vessels extravasated Evans blue dye on 7...

Microvascular changes are the earliest adverse events in diabetic retinopathy, but recent studies have shown that oxidative stress induced by photoreceptors is associated with development of retinopathy. The purpose this study was to determine roles played superoxides formed under hyperglycemic conditions on autophagy. To accomplish this, we cultured 661 W cells, a transformed murine cone cell line, 5.5 or 25 mM glucose presence absence 3 methyl adenine (3MA) rapamycin. were determined flow...

To determine whether P7C3-A20 can inhibit the phosphorylation of mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), depress neuroinflammation, and protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) rats from optic nerve crush (ONC).The left was crushed, 5.0 mg/kg/d P7C3-A20, 1.0 rapamycin, or their vehicle injected intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days beginning 1 day before ONC. The protective effects on RGCs were determined by immunohistochemical staining Tuj-1. level phosphorylated mTOR immunoblotting....

Pathogenic genes such as stx1, stx2, STh gene, STp LT invE, eae, aggR, afaD, astA, cdt and cnf were investigated in Escherichia coli isolated from cattle during Nov. 2012 Aug. 2013. Plural pathogenic concurrently detected by multiplex PCR, screen-positive confirmed sub-classified PCR. Among 100 investigated, 180 E. strains with diarrheic (DEC) 79 cattle, 45 of them, 32 Shiga toxin-producing (STEC). More than 30% carried cdt, stx2 descending order. aggR afaD not this study. Both stx1 6 STEC...

To assess efficacy of the conservative management patients with congenital dacryocystocele.This was a retrospective case series involving six sides five infants dacryocystocele treated at Osaka Kaisei Hospital, Osaka, Japan. The protocol consisted application warm compresses and massage over mass, addition antibiotics when dacryocystitis developed. Patient age time resolution, presence retrograde outflow contents dacryocystoceles from puncta, development were recorded.The unilateral in four...

Abstract Background Amyloidosis is a rare condition characterized by the abnormal deposition of amyloid proteins in various tissues and organs. While systemic amyloidosis has been well-documented, extraocular muscles an exceptionally occurrence, with only 35 reported cases. This case report sheds light on importance considering differential diagnosis patients presenting proptosis diplopia, which are often associated thyroid eye disease. Case presentation A woman her twenties sought medical...

To report our findings in a patient with asteroid hyalosis (AH) who had severe reduction of his visual acuity following cataract surgery. The vision was improved by vitreous an 81-year-old man. Following surgery on left eye, decimal best-corrected (BCVA) markedly reduced from 0.2 to 0.02. A large number bodies (ABs) observed be concentrated the posterior surface implanted intraocular lens. Ultrasound B-mode images showed turbidity that denser anterior where ABs were concentrated. During...

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> Nitric oxide (NO) is associated with neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. We determined whether NO increases expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) optic nerve astrocytes rats. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Isolated were incubated under normoxic or hypoxic conditions without glucose (5.5 m<smlcap>M</smlcap>). The also exposed to different concentrations S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP, 1.0-100...

Superior and inferior periorbital fat is enlarged in thyroid eye disease with the superior expansion correlating orbital expansion. Purpose: To investigate tissue enlargement (TED) by 3-dimensional CT volumetric analysis. Methods: Twenty-four adult subjects, 16 TED 8 controls, were studied. Three-dimensional calculations performed on imaging of orbit face, focusing retroorbicularis oculi fat, suborbicularis facial muscles region, extraocular muscles, volume. Analysis was using JMP version 12...

Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) is a type of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) characterised by severe brain malformation, lissencephaly, and eye abnormalities. Despite the coexistence various abnormalities, results from optical coherence tomography (OCT) in WWS have not previously been reported. We herein report specific OCT findings an infant with WWS.The patient was 14-day-old boy delivered caesarean section at 38 weeks 4 days gestation birth weight 2,543 g. A cranial MRI showed...

N-L-Alanyl-1-aminoethylphosphonic acid (IIIa) and N-D-alanyl-1-aminoethylphos-phonic (IIIb) were synthesized. IIIb did not exhibit any antibacterial activity against gram-positive or gram-negative organisms, but IIIa showed some organisms.

Introduction: We report a case of type III uveal effusion syndrome (UES) suspected to be related pachychoroid spectrum disease. Patient concerns: A 42-year-old man became aware visual field constriction and deterioration acuity in his right eye. Diagnosis: Upon examination, bullous non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was observed the inferior 2 quadrants eye fundus, subretinal fluid moved with postural changes. The axial length that 22.36 mm, thus indicating no nanophthalmia. Preoperative...

To report a sequential observational study of changes in the retinal and choroidal blood flow during medical surgical treatments for thyroid eye disease (TED) patient, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG). A 28-year-old man with history Graves' diagnosed 8 months prior was presented active phase TED. His clinical activity score (CAS) 6, but without diplopia or visual loss. Intraocular pressure measurement OD 20 mmHg OS 24 mmHg. Thyrotropin...

To report a case of prolonged placement lacrimal silicone tube for 20 years, with evaluation the duct using micro-endoscopy and inspection deformation tube.This study involved dacryocystitis in which had been placed patient 20-years previous that was treated conservatively. Although granulation tissue formation due to observed under micro-endoscopy, subjective objective resolution symptoms, including granulated formation, achieved after removal conservative medical treatment. Follow-up...

Here we report two patients who developed an atypical macular hole (MH) during the treatment course for diabetic edema (DME).Patient 1 was a 73-year-old male. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed perifoveal retinoschisis (RS) in addition to cystoid and serous retinal detachment (SRD) his left eye, that MH had clinical course. A convex surface formed at margin toward vitreous cavity, granular shadows were observed fluid cuff. Intraoperative findings thin epiretinal membrane (ERM)...

Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by abnormal metabolism of misfolded tau proteins and progressive. Pathological phosphorylation occurs in the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) after optic nerve injuries. Cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (Cdk5) causes hyperphosphorylation tau. To determine roles played Cdk5 degeneration, roscovitine, a inhibitor, was injected intravitreally crush (ONC). The neuroprotective effect roscovitine determined number Tuj-1-stained RGCs on day 7. change...

To report a case of Coats' disease in which spontaneous reattachment occurred after total retinal detachment.A young boy (patient age: 4 years and 11 months) presented with leukocoria the left eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed detachment abnormal blood vessels subretinal exudation just behind lens. Computed tomography imaging showed no solid mass lesion intraocular space. Secondary as complication was diagnosed. No light perception detected, so we determined that surgical treatment not...