A5090220488- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Sports injuries and prevention
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Infant Health and Development
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Personality Traits and Psychology
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Soil, Finite Element Methods
Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare
2020-2025
Kawasaki Medical School
2023
Tohoku University
2005-2022
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science
2007-2017
Funabashi Orthopaedic Hospital
2011-2015
University of California, Berkeley
2012-2015
University College London
2013
Kyoto University
2004-2007
Fundación Juan March
2004
Effective decision-making requires consideration of costs and benefits. Previous studies have implicated orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC), anterior cingulate (ACC) in cost-benefit decision-making. Yet controversy remains about whether different decision are encoded by brain areas, single neurons integrate benefits to derive a subjective value estimate for each choice alternative. To address these issues, we trained four subjects perform delay- effort-based...
Activity in prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been richly described using economic models of choice. Yet such descriptions fail to capture the dynamics decision formation. Describing dynamic neural processes proven challenging due problem indexing internal state PFC and its trial-by-trial variation. Using primate neurophysiology human magnetoencephalography, we here recover a single-trial index states from multiple simultaneously recorded subregions. This can explain origins representations...
Methylphenidate (MPH; trade name Ritalin) is a widely used drug for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and often as cognitive enhancer. Because MPH increases dopamine (DA) release by blocking DA transporter in human striatum, supposed to work on cognition through increase striatum. However, ADHD patients show impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) function administration associated with increased neural activity PFC. Although indicated rat PFC, there has been no study...
The effects of physical exercise on cognitive tasks have been investigated. However, it is unclear how different intensities affect the neural activity. In this study, we investigated activity in prefrontal cortex (PFC) by varying intensity while participants performed a dual task (DT). Twenty healthy young adults serial subtraction driving cycle ergometer. Exercise was set to one three levels: low, moderate, or high intensity. We did not find any significant change PFC during DT under...
The role of personality in the causation cancer has been controversial. We examined this question a large, prospective study.From June through August 1990, 30 277 residents Miyagi Prefecture northern Japan completed Japanese version short form Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised and questionnaire on various health habits. There were 671 prevalent cases at baseline, 986 incident identified during 7 years follow-up, December 1997. used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate...
Humans and animals must work to support their survival reproductive needs. Because resources are limited in the natural environment, competition is inevitable, competing successfully vitally important. However, neuronal mechanisms of competitive behavior poorly studied. We examined whether neurons lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) showed response sensitivity related a game. In this study, monkeys played video shooting game, either with another monkey or computer, playing alone without rival....
Humans, monkeys, and other animals are considered to have the cognitive ability use functional categories—that is, stimulus groups based on equivalence independent of physical properties. To investigate underlying neural mechanisms categories, we recorded single-unit activity in prefrontal cortex monkeys performing a behavioral task which rule-dependent usage category was needed select an appropriate response. We found correlate categories single-neuron level that information is coded...
We tested the hypothesis that personality plays a role in cancer outcome population-based prospective cohort study Japan. In July 1990, 41 442 residents of Japan completed short form Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised and questionnaire on various health habits, between January 1993 December 1997, 890 incident cases were identified among them. These followed up until March 2001, total 356 deaths from all causes was Cox proportional-hazards regression used to estimate hazard ratio (HR)...
This study investigated whether 12 participants with color-vision deficiency had superior visual discrimination of color-camouflaged stimuli shown on a computer screen compared normal trichromatic vision. Participants were asked to distinguish circular pattern from other patterns in which textural elements differed the background orientation and thickness. In one condition, single-colored, green or red; color camouflaged red mosaic overlaid onto pattern. Color-vision deficient selected...
Abstract Background Functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are caused exacerbated by consumption of fatty foods. However, no study has evaluated brain activity in response to food images patients with disorders gut–brain interaction (DGBI). This aimed compare preference when viewing between DGBI healthy controls. Methods FD IBS were diagnosed using the ROME IV criteria. Food was assessed a visual analog scale (VAS). Brain prefrontal cortex (PFC) investigated functional...
How people work to obtain a reward depends on the context of delivery, such as presence/absence competition and contingency delivery. Since resources are limited, winning is critically important for organisms' obtaining reward. People usually expect ordinary performance-reward contingency, with better performers rewards. Unordinary egalitarianism (equal rewards/no-rewards both good poor performers), dampens people's motivation. We previously reported that monkeys were more motivated, neurons...
A functional category is a set of stimuli that are regarded as equivalent independently their physical properties and elicit the same behavioral responses. Major psychological theories suggest ability to form utilize categories basis higher cognition markedly increases flexibility. Vaughan claimed use in pigeons on partition, mathematical criterion for equivalence, however, there have been some criticisms evidence he showed was insufficient. In this study, by using group reversal task,...
Abstract Background Conventional myoelectric prosthesis (myo-prosthesis) training involves repetitive grasping and manipulation training, which requires considerable time. It is necessary to develop a short efficient myo-prosthesis training. The purpose of this study was verify the immediate sustained effects action observation (AO) using virtual reality (VR) on control clarify effect visual feedback electromyogram (EMG) signals during AO VR. Methods We evaluated 24 healthy right-handed...
It has been reported that neurons in the amygdala respond to visual cues predict reward and aversive outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether representation of reinforcement depends on relative preference for an outcome compared with another simultaneously available outcome. In this study, we introduced three reinforcements (juice, water, electrical stimulus) used two them one experimental block. Of 52 showed cue responses reflecting information, 23% coded preferred outcomes, whereas...
Background Previous studies have suggested that increased valgus knee motion and decreased hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratios can be risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Objective The objective this study was to evaluate the effects an ACL injury prevention program on these factors. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting evaluation performed in a rehabilitation laboratory. Participants 23 healthy females with no history leg injuries participated study. They were...
It has been reported that neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex respond to visual cues predict reward; however, few studies have focused on neuronal correlates with predicted reward type and cue stimulus. In this study, we used a paired association task introduced reversal condition, which stimuli usually water were switched juice, vice versa. Of 111 cue-responsive neurons, 60 (54.1%) depended both stimulus type. The results suggest can code information, contribute between these two pieces of...
The free mesh method (FMM) is simple, accurate and suitable for parallel computing. In this method, the total stiffness matrix obtained by assembling temporary local element matrices, so does not require connectivity between nodes elements as input information. This paper describes FMM using Delaunay tesselation at stage of creating a set around each node during application to 3-dimensional problem. analysis steady thermal conduction problem, result present was virtually same that usual FEM...
Background Eccentric hamstring strength exercise has been adopted in lower extremity injury prevention programs extensively, but the study of its effect on knee flexor is limited. Objective The objective this was to examine effects eccentric using three different measuring methods, and compare between men women. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting evaluation performed a rehabilitation laboratory. Participants 18 healthy volunteers (10 men, 8 women) participated Intervention All subjects...
Background and aim Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) are disorders where no organic clinical abnormalities detected such as functional dyspepsia (FD) irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The brain activity individuals with FD IBS differs from that healthy controls. Artificial intelligence can distinguish controls DGBI using several biomarkers. This study aimed to establish an artificial intelligence-based diagnostic support system food preferences in patients DGBI. Methods ROME IV...