A5026637683- Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Phase-change materials and chalcogenides
- Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
- Near-Field Optical Microscopy
- Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Cellular and Composite Structures
- Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies
- Advanced materials and composites
- Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies
- Electrodeposition and Electroless Coatings
- Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research
- Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
- Microstructure and mechanical properties
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior
IBM Research - Zurich
2013-2017
IBM (United States)
2013-2015
University of Twente
2006-2012
Abstract Nanoscale memory devices, whose resistance depends on the history of electric signals applied, could become critical building blocks in new computing paradigms, such as brain-inspired and memcomputing. However, there are key challenges to overcome, high programming power required, noise drift. Here, address these, we present concept a projected device, distinguishing feature is that physical mechanism storage decoupled from information-retrieval process. We designed fabricated...
Carbon-based electronics is a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based as it could enable faster, smaller and cheaper transistors, interconnects memory devices. However, the development of carbon-based devices has been hampered either by complex fabrication methods crystalline carbon allotropes or poor performance. Here we present an oxygenated amorphous (a-COx) produced physical vapour deposition that several properties in common with graphite oxide. Moreover, its simple method...
It is shown herein that the electrochemical metal printing system based on hollow atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers for local delivery of precursor species capable covering additive manufacturing at different length scales, from submicrometer to submillimeter, within same printed object by dynamically adjusting parameters while keeping nozzle diameter. The interplay among lateral voxel dimensions, aperture, and pressure rationalized, other deposition fixed. An accurate control area...
We describe our force-controlled 3D printing method for layer-by-layer additive micromanufacturing (µAM) of metal microstructures. Hollow atomic force microscopy cantilevers are utilized to locally dispense ions in a standard 3-electrode electrochemical cell, enabling confined electroplating reaction. The deflection feedback signal enables the live monitoring voxel growth and consequent automation protocol fashion fabrication arbitrary-shaped geometries. In second step, we investigated...
Directly 3D-printed metal microstructures could enable hybrid micromanufacturing, combining conventional micromanufacturing with additive (µAM). The microstructure's material properties, including the electrical resistivity, are of decisive importance for a wide range applications in microelectronics, high-frequency communication, and biomedical engineering. In this work, we present room-temperature process µAM gold structures based on local electrodeposition. We demonstrate control...
This paper reports an amorphous carbon (a-C) contact coating for ultra-low-power curved nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches. a-C addresses important problems in miniaturization and low-power operation of mechanical relays: i) the surface energy is lower than that metals, ii) active formation highly localized conducting filaments offers a way to form nanoscale contacts, iii) high reliability achieved through excellent wear properties a-C, demonstrated this with more 100 million hot switching...
Direct printing of complex 3D structures at the nano- and microscale is a promising technique for MEMS devices, small-scale sensors, actuators. So far, most studies have been focused on copper (Cu) due to high Coulombic efficiency compared other conductive metals such as platinum. However, Cu suffers from low material strength, modulus, strain-rate sensitivity. This work introduces unique Cu-Ni core–shell structure improved strength. A additive-micromanufacturing based localized...
Microneedles are important injecting devices for the delivery of pharmaceutical drugs in precise amounts at specific locations. To optimize design microneedles, a thorough understanding needle skin interaction has to be obtained. We present methods characterize mechanical between microneedles and double-layer simulant. The applied silicon designed (fabricated in-house) commercially available hypodermic needles (as reference). simulant consists an agarose gel layer needle-testing foil mimic...
Microscale dynamic testing is vital to the understanding of material behavior at application relevant strain rates. However, despite two decades intense micromechanics research, microscale metals has been largely limited quasi-static Here we report compression pristine 3D printed copper micropillars rates from $\sim0.001$ s$^{-1}$ $\sim500$ s$^{-1}$. It was identified that microcrystalline deform in a single-shear like manner exhibiting weak rate dependence all Ultrafine grained (UFG)...
Tetrahedral amorphous (ta-C) carbon-based memory devices have recently gained traction due to their good scalability and promising properties like nanosecond switching speeds. However, cycling endurance is still a key challenge. In this paper, we present model that takes local fluctuations in sp <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>...
In this work, a 3-D printed copper helix for traveling-wave tube (TWT) is reported. The fabricated was designed to be used in TWT operating at millimeter-wave frequencies (60–80 GHz). realized with an additive micromanufacturing technique ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> AM). Measurements were also performed estimate the losses of material and evaluate RF...
In the medical community, there is a considerable interest in diagnostic breath analyzer for ammonia that selectively enough to measure exhaled air and small volumes available such an application. An indirect measurement system low gaseous concentrations has been miniaturized integrated on chip order reach this goal. The detection limit of was calculated be 1.1 parts per billion (ppb). response time determined 1.6 min with gas How 50 ml/min. required volume one therefore sufficiently small,...
Computing with resistive-switching (memristive) memory devices has shown much recent progress and offers an attractive route to circumvent the von-Neumann bottleneck, i.e. separation of processing memory, which limits performance conventional computer architectures. Due their good scalability nanosecond switching speeds, carbon-based could play important role in this respect. However, based on elemental carbon, such as tetrahedral amorphous carbon or ta-C, typically suffer from a low cycling...
Carbon-based nonvolatile resistive memories are an emerging technology. Switching endurance remains a challenge in carbon based on tetrahedral amorphous (ta-C). One way to counter this is by oxygenation increase the repeatability of reversible switching. Here, we overview current status memories. We then present comparative study oxygen-free and oxygenated carbon-based memory devices, combining experiments molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
Cantilever arrays are employed to increase the throughput of imaging and manipulation at nanoscale.We present a fabrication process construct cantilever with nanotips that show uniform tip-sample distance.Such uniformity is crucial, because in many applications cantilevers do not feature individual spacing control.Uniform lead very similar interaction within an array, enable non-contact modes for give better control over load force contact modes.The developed flow uses single mask define...
There has recently been increased interest in carbon-based resistive random-access (RRAM) memory. Carbon-based RRAM the potential to scale atomic dimensions, resulting ultra-high-density and low-power Here we report reversible unipolar resistance switching hydrogenated amorphous carbon. The devices used this study are fabricated using e-beam lithography with built-in series resistors. A thorough analysis of electrical transport mechanism is presented.
Parallel frequency readout of an array cantilevers is demonstrated using optical beam deflection with a single laser-diode pair. Multi-frequency addressing makes the individual nanomechanical response each cantilever distinguishable within received signal. Addressing accomplished by exciting sum all resonant frequencies. This technique requires considerably less hardware compared to other parallel techniques. Readout in mode and interference mode. Many can be parallel, limited oscillators'...
We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of cantilevers with integrated AlN actuators conductive PtSi tips for multi-frequency atomic force microscopy. These also possess a stepped-rectangular geometry. The excellent dynamic behavior these is investigated using both finite-element simulations experimental methods. Several imaging experiments are presented to illustrate efficacy versatility cantilevers.
The mechanical performance of metallic metamaterials with 3-dimensional solid frames is typically a combination the geometrical effect ("architecture") and characteristic size effects base material ("microstructure"). In this study, for first time, temperature- rate-dependent response copper microlattices has been investigated. were fabricated via localized electrodeposition in liquid (LEL) process which enables high-precision additive manufacturing metal at micro-scale. possess unique...
Scanning probe microscopy employing conductive probes is a powerful tool for the investigation and modification of electrical properties at nanoscale.Application areas include semiconductor metrology, probe-based data storage materials research.Conductive can also be used to emulate nanoscale contacts.However, unreliable contact tip wear have severely hampered widespread usage these applications.In this paper we introduce force modulation technique enhanced sensing using probes.This results...
We present an improved conductive-mode atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) method by modulating the applied loading on tip. Unreliable electrical contact and tip wear are primary challenges for characterization at nanometer scale. The experiments show that modulation reduces a factor of three enhances between sample, which allows operation lower further reduction sample wear. Long-term with platinum silicide tips phase change media (Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...