A5038140719- Bioactive natural compounds
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
- Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Biological and pharmacological studies of plants
- Phytochemical Studies and Bioactivities
- Phytochemical compounds biological activities
- Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents
- Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Plant chemical constituents analysis
- Phytochemistry and Bioactive Compounds
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Synthesis and Biological Activity
- Biological Activity of Diterpenoids and Biflavonoids
- Phytochemistry and biological activity of medicinal plants
- Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry
- Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Synthesis of Organic Compounds
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
University of Nairobi
2015-2024
Woldia University
2023
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2017-2023
In the current study forty eight compounds belonging to anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, benzoquinones, flavonoids (chalcones and polymethoxylated flavones) diterpenoids (clerodanes kauranes) were explored for their antimicrobial potential against a panel of sensitive multi-drug resistant Gram-negative Gram-positive bacteria. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations on tested bacteria conducted using modified rapid INT colorimetric assay. To evaluate role efflux pumps in...
β-Sitosterol (β-Sit) is a dietary phytosterol with demonstrated anticancer activity against panel of cancers, but its poor solubility in water limits bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. In this study, poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) block copolymers poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(lactic (PEG-PLA) were used to encapsulate β-Sit into nanoparticles the aim enhancing vitro activity. β-Sitosterol-loaded PLGA PEG-PLA (β-Sit-PLGA β-Sit-PEG-PLA) prepared by using simple...
From the root bark of Erythrina abyssinica a new pterocarpene [3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-10-(3,3-dimethylallyl)pterocarpene] and isoflav-3-ene [7,4′-dihydroxy-2′,5′-dimethoxyisoflav-3-ene] were isolated. In addition, known compounds erycristagallin, licoagrochalcone A, octacosyl ferulate triacontyl 4-hydroxycinnamate identified. The structures determined on basis spectroscopic evidence. crude extract flavonoids isoflavonoids obtained from roots this plant showed antiplasmodial activities.
The acetone extracts of the root bark and stem Erythrina sacleuxii showed antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains Plasmodium falciparum. Chromatographic separation extract afforded a new isoflavone, 7-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-3′-prenylisoflavone (trivial name 5-deoxy-3′-prenylbiochanin A) along with known isoflavonoids as principles. Flavonoids isolated from E. were also tested activities. structures determined on basis spectroscopic evidence.
Chromatographic separation of the roots a Kenyan medicinal plant, Clerodendrum eriophyllum, led to isolation ten abietane diterpenoids (1-10), one which (1) was isolated for first time from natural source. Using spectroscopic data, structure 1 determined be 12-hydroxy-8,12-abietadiene-3,11,14-trione. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra showed that stereochemistry compounds 1, 3, and 6-8 belongs normal series diterpenes, confirmed absolute compounds. Compounds 1-10 were evaluated their in vitro...
Five new compounds, 4-O-geranylisoliquiritigenin (1), 12-dihydrousararotenoid B (2), C (3), 4'-O-geranyl-7-hydroxyflavanone (4), and 4'-O-geranyl-7-hydroxydihydroflavanol (5), along with 12 known natural products (6-17) were isolated from the CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of root bark Millettia usaramensis ssp. by chromatographic separation. The purified metabolites identified NMR spectroscopic mass spectrometric analyses, whereas their absolute configurations established on basis chiroptical...
A new isoflavone, 8-prenylmilldrone (1), and four rotenoids, oblarotenoids A–D (2–5), along with nine known compounds (6–14), were isolated from the CH2Cl2/CH3OH (1:1) extract of leaves Millettia oblata ssp. teitensis by chromatographic separation. The purified identified NMR spectroscopic mass spectrometric analyses, whereas absolute configurations rotenoids established on basis chiroptical data in some cases single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Maximaisoflavone J (11) oblarotenoid C (4)...
Reported herein is an anti-HIV monochlorinated compound, 1β-acetoxy-3β-chloro-5α,6α-dihydroxycrotocascarin L (1), of the rare crotofolane diterpenoid class. Compound 1, a suspected artifact extraction, along with previously undescribed 11β-acetoxycrotocascarin (2) and known crotocascarin K (3), were isolated from bark Croton megalocarpus, Kenyan oil-producing seed crop. Compounds 1 3 inhibited HIV-1 replication IC50 values 28 5.5 nM, respectively. Furthermore, both compounds lacked...
Abstract A crude chloroform extract of seeds Millettia dura Dunn (Leguminosae) showed high activity (LC 50 = 3.5 µg ml −1 at 24 h) against second‐instar larvae the mosquito, Aedes aegypti L (Diptera: Culicidae). The rotenoids, deguelin and tephrosin, isolated from this plant also potent activities, with LC values 1.6 1.4 h, respectively. related rotenoids millettone millettosin were inactive 20 . Saturation B/C ring junction presence methoxy groups C‐2 and/or C‐3 in tephrosin appear to be...
Purpose: Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has been cultivated for centuries as a staple food crop millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. In Ethiopia total 4.34 million tons sorghum is being produced per annum, predominantly the arid semi-arid areas. However, yield quality affected by wide array production constraints, notably severe recurrent drought stress. The aim this study were to determine impact on productivity over time space, identify farmers' trait preferences,...
In recent years, elucidation of novel anti-HIV bioactive compounds from natural products is gaining importance rapidly, not only the research and publications, but also controlled clinical studies. Here we report three new eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes, 5β-Hydroxy-8α-methoxy eudesm-7(11)-en-12,8-olide (1), 5β,8α-Dihydroxy (2) 5β-Hydroxy-8H-β-eudesm-7(11)-en-12,8-olide (3). These are trivially named ermiasolide A-C were isolated bark Croton megalocarpus. showed highest activity by inhibiting...
The dichloromethane/methanol (1 : 1) extracts of the roots Pentas longiflora and lanceolata showed low micromolar (IC50 = 0.9–3 µg/mL) in vitro antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant (W2) chloroquine-sensitive (D6) strains Plasmodium falciparum. Chromatographic separation extract led to isolation pyranonaphthoquinones pentalongin (1) psychorubrin (2) with IC50 values below 1 µg/mL naphthalene derivative mollugin (3), which marginal activity. Similar treatment eight...
Introduction: worldwide, plant based medicines are increasing in popularity due to perceptions of safety and efficacy. Herbalists Kenya widely consulted for the management many diseases including Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This study investigated level knowledge herbalists T2DM.
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] grown under rain-fed conditions is frequently affected by drought stress at different stages, resulting in reduced grain and biomass yield. The aim of this study was to characterise sorghum landraces select farmer-preferred medium-maturing genotypes rainfed irrigated conditions. Hundred ninety-six accessions were evaluated Kobo site the Sirinka Agricultural Research Center 2014/2015 Ethiopia. Data collected from 14 traits subjected analysis variance,...