A5066122920- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Neuroscience
- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Gut microbiota and health
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Motor Control and Adaptation
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
University of California, San Diego
2005-2020
Human Longevity (United States)
2018-2020
La Jolla Alcohol Research
2016
George Washington University
2008-2010
Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego
2006
Museum of Indian Arts and Culture
2006
University of Iowa
2003
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2003
Modern scientific knowledge of how memory functions are organized in the human brain originated from case Henry G. Molaison (H.M.), an epileptic patient whose amnesia ensued unexpectedly following a bilateral surgical ablation medial temporal lobe structures, including hippocampus. The neuroanatomical extent 1953 operation could not be assessed definitively during H.M.'s life. Here we describe results procedure designed to reconstruct microscopic anatomical model whole and conduct detailed...
We investigated whether variation in auditory experience humans during development alters the macroscopic neuroanatomy of primary or association cortices. Volumetric analyses were based on MRI data from 25 congenitally deaf subjects and hearing subjects, all right-handed. The groups matched for gender age. Gray white matter volumes determined temporal lobe, superior gyrus, Heschl's gyrus (HG), planum temporale. Deaf did not differ total volume gray HG, which suggests that deafferentation...
Neural changes that occurred during human evolution to support language are poorly understood. As a basis of comparison humans, we used design-based stereological methods estimate volumes, total neuron numbers, and densities in Brodmann's areas 44 45 both cerebral hemispheres 12 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), one our species' closest living relatives. We found the degree interindividual variation topographic location quantitative cytoarchitecture was comparable seen humans from previous...
Genome sequencing has established clinical utility for rare disease diagnosis. While increasing numbers of individuals have undergone elective genome sequencing, a comprehensive study surveying genome-wide disease-associated genes in adults with deep phenotyping not been reported. Here we report the results 3-y precision medicine goal to integrate whole-genome phenotyping. A cohort 1,190 adult participants (402 female [33.8%]; mean age, 54 y [range 20 89+]; 70.6% European) had and were...
Cell minicolumns were shown to be narrower in frontal regions brains of autistic patients compared with controls. This was not found primary visual cortex. Within the cortex, dorsal and orbital displayed greatest differences while mesial region showed least change. We also that brain a 3‐year‐old child indistinguishable from those adult two three regions, contrast control brains. may have been due small size columns rather than an accelerated development. The presence supports theory there...
Abstract Broca's area was identified in the inferior frontal gyrus of chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, and orangutan brains through direct cytoarchitectonic comparison with human brains. Across species, comprises Brodmann's areas 44 45. We found that these exhibited similar characteristics all species examined. analyzed minicolumnar organization cells layer III 11 9 great ape specimens. A semiautomated method used to analyze digitized images histological sections stained for Nissl substance....
Increasingly, functional and evolutionary research has highlighted the important contribution emotion processing makes to complex human social cognition. As such, it may be asked whether neural structures involved in processing, commonly referred as limbic structures, have been impacted brain evolution. To address this question, we performed an extensive analysis of multiple using modern phylogenetic tools. For analysis, combined new volumetric data for hominoid (human ape) amygdala 4...
Abstract Background Modern medicine is rapidly moving towards a data-driven paradigm based on comprehensive multimodal health assessments. Integrated analysis of data from different modalities has the potential uncovering novel biomarkers and disease signatures. Methods We collected 1385 features diverse modalities, including metabolome, microbiome, genetics, advanced imaging, 1253 individuals longitudinal validation cohort 1083 individuals. utilized combination unsupervised machine learning...
Objectives: We evaluate a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to improve detection of aggressive prostate cancer. Methods: performed retrospective analysis presurgical MRI scans using an advanced diffusion weighted called Restriction Spectrum Imaging (RSI), which can be presented as normalized z-score statistic (RSI z-score). Scans were acquired prior radical prostatectomy. Prostatectomy specimens processed whole mount sectioning and regions interest (ROIs) drawn around...
Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI-MRI), an advanced diffusion technique, can potentially circumvent current limitations in tumor conspicuity, vivo characterization, and location demonstrated by multiparametric magnetic resonance (MP-MRI) techniques prostate cancer detection. Prior reports show that the quantitative signal derived from RSI-MRI, cellularity index, is associated with aggressive as measured Gleason grade (GG). We evaluated reliability of RSI-MRI to predict variance GG at...
The diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) technique enables quantification of water mobility for probing microstructural properties biological tissue, and has become an effective tool collecting information about the underlying pathology cancerous tissue. Measurements using multiple b-values have indicated a bi-exponential signal attenuation, ascribed to "fast" (high ADC) "slow" (low components. In this empirical study, we investigate time (∆) - dependent components diffusion-weighted (DW) in...
Background High b-value diffusion-weighted imaging has application in the detection of cancerous tissue across multiple body sites. Diffusional kurtosis and bi-exponential modeling are two popular model-based techniques, whose performance relation to each other yet be fully explored. Purpose To determine relationship between excess signal fractions derived from suspicious prostate lesions. Material Methods This retrospective study analyzed patients with normal (n = 12) or lesions 13, one...
Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has become an increasingly common method for assessing neuroanatomical asymmetries in human vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we employed VBM to examine white matter a sample of 48 chimpanzees (15 males and 33 females). T<sub>1</sub>-weighted MRI scans were segmented into using FSL registered template. The volumes then flipped the left-right axis back mirror image subtracted from correctly oriented voxel-by-voxel t tests performed....
Abstract Although behavioral lateralization is known to correlate with certain aspects of brain asymmetry in primates, there are limited data concerning hemispheric biases the microstructure neocortex. In present study, we investigated whether synaptophysin‐immunoreactive puncta density and protein expression levels region hand representation primary motor cortex chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ). Synaptophysin a presynaptic vesicle‐associated found nearly all synapses central nervous system....