A5066869882- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Biodiversity
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Marine and fisheries research
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
McGill University
2016-2025
Flinders University
2022
SA Health
2022
Wildlife Conservation Society
2006-2016
Melbourne Health
2014
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2013
Wildlife Conservation Society United Kingdom
2006-2012
University of Pretoria
2012
Eastern Washington University
2011
University of Florida
1998-2009
Many types of biological studies require the estimation food abundance in tropical forests, and a variety methods have been used to estimate this parameter. Here we compare accuracy precision three for estimating fruit (biomass number) tree species: diameter, crown volume, visual estimation. Diameter at breast height (DBH) was most consistently accurate method exhibited low levels interobserver variability. Generally, volume neither precise nor accurate. The trees with very large fruit, but high
Although some lineages of animals and plants have made impressive adaptive radiations when provided with ecological opportunity, the propensities to radiate vary profoundly among for unknown reasons. In Africa's Lake Victoria region, one cichlid lineage radiated in every lake, largest radiation taking place a lake less than 16,000 years old. We show that all its guilds evolved situ. Cycles fusion through admixture fission speciation characterize history radiation. It was jump-started several...
Within the last decade study of phenology has taken on new importance because its contribution to climate-change research. However, data sets spanning many years are rare in tropics, making it difficult evaluate possible responses tropical communities climate change. Here we use two (1970–1983 and 1990–2002) describe fruiting patterns tree community Kibale National Park, Uganda. To address variation spatial patterns, over 2–3 y among four sites each separated by 12–15 km. Presently, region...
Lake Victoria is Africa's single most important source of inland fishery production. After it was initially fished down in the first half 20th century, became home to a series introduced food fishes, culminating eventual demographic dominance Nile perch, Lates niloticus. Simultaneously with changes fish stocks, experienced dramatic its ecology. The lake during century multispecies resting on diverse ecosystem, which native fishes were targeted. ended much more productive fishery, but one...
Summary 1. In sub‐Saharan Africa, tropical forests are increasingly threatened by accelerating rates of forest conversion and degradation. East the larger tracts intact rainforest lie largely in protected areas surrounded converted landscape. Thus, there is critical need to understand functional links between large‐scale land use changes river conditions, implications park boundaries on catchment integrity. 2. The objective this study was mosaic heavily pristine created protection...
Examination of phenological patterns tropical trees at different temporal and spatial scales can elucidate biotic abiotic factors that correlate with fruiting, flowering and/or leaf set patterns. In this study, 3793 from 104 species in Kibale National Park, Uganda were monitored. The selected two sites (Kanyawara Ngogo) separated by 10 km. Trees monitored monthly to document community-wide population-level fruiting for a maximum 76 mo. Analysis over number years permitted examination...
ABSTRACT Processes of forest regeneration in two unlogged areas and three that were logged nearly 25 years ago quantified Kibale National Park, Uganda. For forests to recover from logging, one would predict recruitment growth processes be accelerated relative areas, facilitating increased trees into the adult size classes. We examined this prediction first by determining 4733 over a 51 56 month period found rates most heavily area consistently slower than areas. In contrast, lightly had...
The assessment of fruit abundance is critical for studies frugivore ecology. A variety methods have been used to estimate habitat-wide abundance. However, since the not calibrated with each other, it difficult compare results different studies. Here we three simultaneously collect data in Kibale Forest, Uganda. Estimates derived from traps were correlated estimates either systematic transect sampling or obtained observing fruiting phenology key species on a trail. based trail and correlated....
Abstract Understanding the determinants of animal abundance has become more vital as ecologists are increasingly asked to apply their knowledge construction informed management plans. However, there few general models available explain variation in abundance. Some notable exceptions studies folivorous primates, which protein‐to‐fiber ratio foods been shown predict biomass. Here we examine generality Milton's [American Naturalist 114:363–378, 1979] protein/fiber model by providing a detailed...
ABSTRACT The role of chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) as seed dispersers in the Kibale Forest Reserve western Uganda was assessed by analysing 1849 dung samples from two chimpanzee communities and conducting germination trials on dispersed non-dispersed seeds. Of samples, 98.5% contained seeds, fig seeds were most common. number large (>2 mm) per sample often high, even for species with a relatively seed. For example, Mimusops bagshawei has 15-mm diameter had an average 26.5 sample. In...
We investigated replicated ecological speciation in the livebearing fish Poecilia mexicana and P. sulphuraria (Poeciliidae), which inhabit freshwater habitats have also colonized multiple sulfidic springs southern Mexico. These exhibit extreme hypoxia high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, is lethal to most metazoans. used phylogenetic analyses test whether were independently colonized, performed phenotypic assessments body gill morphology variation identify convergent patterns trait...
Abstract Genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity are two ways in which organisms can adapt to local environmental conditions. We examined genetic plastic variation gill brain size among swamp (low oxygen; hypoxic) river (normal normoxic) populations of an African cichlid fish, Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae . Larger gills smaller brains should be advantageous when oxygen is low, we hypothesized that the relative contribution vs. related potential for dispersal between...
Evolutionary biologists have long trained their sights on adaptation, focusing the power of natural selection to produce relative fitness advantages while often ignoring changes in absolute fitness. Ecologists generally taken a different tack, abundance and ranges that reflect Uniting these perspectives, we articulate various causes maladaptation review numerous examples occurrence. This indicates is reasonably common from both yet contrasting ways. That is, can appear strong perspective,...
Many of the world’s most biodiverse regions are found in poorest and second populous continent Africa; a facing exceptional challenges. Africa is projected to quadruple its population by 2100 experience increasingly severe climate change environmental conflict—all which will ravage biodiversity. Here we assess conservation threats consider how these be affected human growth, economic expansion, change. We then evaluate current capacity infrastructure available conserve continent’s four key...
Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial (mt) DNA have indicated that the cichlid species flock of Lake Victoria region is derived from a single ancestral found in East African rivers, closely related to ancestor Malawi flock. The contains ten times less mtDNA variation than radiation, consistent with current estimates ages lakes. We present results phylogenetic investigation using nuclear (amplified fragment length polymorphism) markers and wider coverage riverine haplochromines....
ABSTRACT The relationship between seedling recruitment (under and away from parent trees) the behaviour of seed dispersers predators, was explored in a three-year study Kibale National Park, Uganda. On basis 1261 hours observation, foraging activity diurnal frugivores which fed on fruit six tree species quantified. fate dispersed non-dispersed seeds seedlings examined experimentally. findings suggest that trade-off exists factors promote growth areas with high density dispersal by...