A5068180528- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Point processes and geometric inequalities
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Immune cells in cancer
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Consumer behavior in food and health
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2013-2022
Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine
2018-2020
Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 has induced a worldwide pandemic and subsequent non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to control the spread of virus. As in many countries, Germany led consecutive roll-out different NPIs. these NPIs have (largely unknown) adverse effects, targeting them precisely monitoring their effectiveness are essential. We developed compartmental infection dynamics model with specific features that allows daily estimation time-varying reproduction number published this...
Abstract The novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has induced a world-wide pandemic and subsequent non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) in order to control the spreading of virus. NPIs are considered be critical at least delay peak number infected individuals prevent health care system becoming overwhelmed by patients treat hospitals or intensive units (ICUs). However, there is also increasing concern that place would increase mortality because other diseases, frequency suicide risk an...
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important antimicrobial effector but also prevents unnecessary tissue damage by shutting down the recruitment of monocyte-derived phagocytes. Intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania major can hijack these cells a niche for replication. Thus, NO might exert containment restricting availability cellular required efficient pathogen proliferation. However, indirect modes action remain to be established. By combining mathematical modeling with intravital 2-photon...
We develop a novel approach integrating epidemiological and economic models that allows data-based simulations during pandemic. examine the economically optimal opening strategy can be reconciled with containment of The empirical evidence is based on data from Germany SARS-CoV-2 Our findings reject view there necessarily conflict between health protection interests suggest non-linear U-shape relationship: it in interest public economy to balance non-pharmaceutical interventions manner...
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is one of the most common malignancies after solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Most PTLD cases are B neoplasias carrying Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). A therapeutic approach reduction immunosuppression to allow T cells develop and combat EBV. If this not effective, approaches include immunotherapies such as monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 adoptive cells. Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) treat EBV + was established...
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) latency is typically harmless but reactivation can be largely detrimental to immune compromised hosts. We modelled and using a traceable HCMV laboratory strain expressing the Gaussia luciferase reporter gene (HCMV/GLuc) in order interrogate viral modulatory effects on human adaptive immunity. Humanized mice with long-term (more than seventeen weeks) steady T B cell reconstitutions were infected HCMV/GLuc seven weeks later further treated granulocyte-colony...
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes serious complications to immune compromised hosts. Dendritic cells (iDCgB) expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-alpha and HCMV-gB were developed promote de novo antiviral adaptive responses. Mice reconstituted with a human system (HIS) immunized iDCgB challenged HCMV, resulting into 93% protection. Immunization stimulated the expansion of functional effector memory CD8+ CD4+ T recognizing gB. Machine learning analyses...
The adaptive immune system reacts against pathogenic nonself, whereas it normally remains tolerant to self. initiation of an response requires a critical antigen(Ag)-stimulation and number Ag-specific T cells. Autoreactive cells are not completely deleted by thymic selection partially present in the periphery healthy individuals that respond certain physiological conditions. A experimental theoretical models based on concept structural differences discriminate self from nonself. In this...
Abstract Several countries use shutdown strategies to contain the spread of COVID-19 epidemic, at expense massive economic costs. While this suggests a conflict between health protection and objectives, we examine whether economically optimal exit strategy can be reconciled with containment epidemic. We novel combination epidemiological simulations for scenario calculations based on empirical evidence from Germany. Our findings suggest that prudent opening is optimal, whereas costs are...
The extent of TCR self-reactivity is the basis for selection a functional and self-tolerant T cell repertoire quantified by repeated engagement TCRs with diverse pool self-peptides complexed self-MHC molecules. strength signal depends on binding properties to peptide MHC, but it not clear how specificity both components drives fate decisions. In this study, we propose signal-integration model thymic that describes thymocytes decide among distinct fates, only based single TCR-ligand...
Deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) fibers in the extracellular matrix brain is a ubiquitous feature associated with several neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although many biological aspects that contribute to formation Aβ plaques are well addressed at intra- and intercellular levels short timescales, an understanding how fibrillization usually starts dominate longer timescale despite presence mechanisms dedicated clearance still lacking. Furthermore, no existing...
Abstract Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are important to mitigate the spread of infectious diseases as long no vaccination or outstanding medical treatments available. We assess effectiveness sets non-pharmaceutical that were in place during course Coron-avirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic Germany. Our results based on hybrid models, combining SIR-type models local scales with spatial resolution. In order account for age-dependence severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2...
Regulatory T (Treg) cells are essential for maintaining self-tolerance and modulating inflammatory immune responses. Treg either develop within the thymus or converted from CD4(+) naive (Tnaive) in periphery. The Treg-cell population size is tightly controlled development homeostasis have been intensively studied; however, quantitative information about mechanisms of peripheral lacking. Here we developed first mathematical model homeostasis, incorporating secondary lymphoid organs as...
We develop a novel approach integrating epidemiological and economic models that allows databased simulations during pandemic. examine the economically optimal opening strategy can be reconciled with containment of The empirical evidence is based on data from Germany Sars-Cov-2 Our findings reject view there necessarily conflict between health protection interests suggest nonlinear U-shape relationship: it in interest public economy to balance nonpharmaceutical interventions manner further...
Little is known about monkeypox public concerns since its widespread emergence in many countries. Tweets Germany were examined the first three months of COVID-19 and to examine issues raised by public. Understanding views positions could help shape future health campaigns. Few qualitative studies reviewed large datasets, results provide instance thinking comparing monkeypox. We retrieved 15,936 tweets from using query words related both epidemics each one. A sequential explanatory mixed...
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are suppressor that control self-reactive and excessive effector conventional helper cell (Tconv) responses. Breakdown of the balance between Tregs Tconvs is a hallmark autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) growth factor for both populations subtle leverage to restore healthy immune in IL-2 therapy. By using mechanistic mathematical model, we introduced an adaptive strategy design minimal therapeutic dosage required increase stabilize Treg...
Abstract CTLA4 is an essential negative regulator of T cell immune responses and a key checkpoint regulating autoimmunity anti-tumour immunity. Genetic mutations resulting in quantitative defect are associated with the development dysregulation syndrome. Endocytosis rapid continuous subsequent degradation or recycling. has two natural ligands, surface transmembrane proteins CD80 CD86 that shared co-stimulatory receptor CD28. Upon ligation CD80/CD86, can remove these ligands from opposing...
Abstract Deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) fibers in extra-cellular matrix the brain is a ubiquitous feature associated with several neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD). While many biological aspects that contribute to formation Aβ plaques are well addressed at intra- and inter-cellular level short timescales, an understanding how fibrillization usually starts dominate longer timescale spite presence mechanisms dedicated clearance, still lacking. Furthermore, no...
ABSTRACT Regulatory T cells (Treg) are suppressor that control self-reactive and excessive effector conventional helper cell (Tconv) responses. Breakdown of the balance between Tregs Tconvs is a hallmark autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Due to positive dependency both populations on Interleukin-2 (IL-2), it subtle leverage restore healthy immune balance. By employing mechanistic mathematical model, we studied IL-2 therapy in order increase stabilize Treg population restrict Tconv response....
During the first wave of COVID-19, hospital and intensive care unit beds got overwhelmed in Italy leading to an increased death burden. Based on data from Italian regions, we disentangled impact various factors contributing bottleneck situation healthcare facilities, not well addressed classical SEIR-like models. A particular emphasis was set undetected fraction (dark figure), dynamically changing capacity, different testing, contact tracing, quarantine strategies.
Event Abstract Back to Signal integration in thymocytes is crucial for thymic selection Sahamoddin Khailaie1, Aras Toker2, Jochen Huehn2 and Michael Meyer-Hermann1, 3* 1 Department of Systems Immunology, Helmholtz Center Infection Research, Germany 2 Experimental 3 Bio Life Science, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Thymocytes are generated, selected mature the thymus create a diverse, functional self-tolerant T cell repertoire. Selection relies on level their receptor (TCR)...